Editing Charles Evans Hughes (section)

==Early life and family==
[[File:Charles Evans Hughes, age 16.jpg|thumb|left|Hughes at the age of 16]]

Hughes's father, David Charles Hughes, immigrated to the United States from [[Wales]] in 1855 after he was inspired by ''[[The Autobiography of Benjamin Franklin]]''. David became a [[Baptist]] preacher in [[Glens Falls, New York]], and married Mary Catherine Connelly, whose family had been in the United States for several generations.<ref>{{harvnb|ps=.|Simon|2012|pp=9–11}}</ref> Charles Evans Hughes, the only child of David and Mary, was born in Glens Falls on April 11, 1862.<ref>{{cite web |title=Hughes, Charles Evans |url=https://www.fjc.gov/history/judges/hughes-charles-evans |website=Federal Judicial Center |access-date=September 3, 2018 |archive-date=September 7, 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180907071129/https://www.fjc.gov/history/judges/hughes-charles-evans |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{harvnb|ps=.|Henretta|2006|pp=119–120}}</ref> The Hughes family moved to [[Oswego, New York]], in 1866, but relocated soon after to [[Newark, New Jersey]], and then to [[Brooklyn]]. With the exception of a brief period of attendance at Newark High School, Hughes received no formal education until 1874, instead being educated by his parents. In September 1874, he enrolled in New York City's prestigious Public School 35, graduating the following year.<ref>{{harvnb|ps=.|Simon|2012|pp=11–14}}</ref>

At the age of 14, Hughes entered Madison University (now [[Colgate University]]), where he studied for two years. He then transferred to [[Brown University]]. He graduated from Brown third in his class at the age of 19, having been elected to [[Phi Beta Kappa]] in his junior year. He was also a member of [[Delta Upsilon]] fraternity; he later served as its first international President.<ref name="ross2"/> While at Brown, Hughes volunteered for the successful [[1880 United States presidential election|1880 presidential campaign]] of [[Republican Party (United States)|Republican]] nominee and fraternity brother [[James A. Garfield]]. After graduating from Brown, Hughes spent a year working as a teacher in [[Delhi, New York]].<ref>{{harvnb|ps=.|Simon|2012|pp=19–20}}</ref> He then enrolled in [[Columbia Law School]], graduating with a [[Bachelor of Laws]] in 1884 and ranked first in his class.<ref name="ross2">{{harvnb|ps=.|Ross|2007|p=2}}</ref> That same year, he passed the New York [[Bar examination in the United States|bar exam]] with the highest score ever awarded.<ref>{{harvnb|ps=.|Shesol|2010|pp=25–26}}</ref>

In 1888, Hughes married Antoinette Carter, the daughter of the senior partner of the law firm where he worked. Their first child, [[Charles Evans Hughes Jr.]], was born the following year, and Hughes purchased a house in Manhattan's [[Upper West Side]] neighborhood.<ref>{{harvnb|ps=.|Simon|2012|pp=22–23}}</ref> Hughes and his wife had one son and three daughters.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.anb.org/view/10.1093/anb/9780198606697.001.0001/anb-9780198606697-e-1100439 |title=Hughes, Charles Evans (1862-1948), governor of New York, secretary of state, and chief justice of the U.S. Supreme Court |work=American National Biography |year=2000 |doi=10.1093/anb/9780198606697.article.1100439 |access-date=October 24, 2019 |last1=Glad |first1=Betty |isbn=978-0-19-860669-7 |archive-date=September 1, 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190901203006/https://www.anb.org/view/10.1093/anb/9780198606697.001.0001/anb-9780198606697-e-1100439 |url-status=live }}</ref> Their youngest child, [[Elizabeth Hughes Gossett|Elizabeth Hughes]], was one of the first humans injected with [[insulin]], and later served as president of the [[Supreme Court Historical Society]].<ref name=Insulin>{{cite web |url=http://pro-tierisches-insulin.info/cms/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=123&Itemid=2 |title=Elizabeth Hughes: Fifty-eight years on animal-insulin |url-status=dead |access-date=November 24, 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071020003510/http://www.pro-tierisches-insulin.info/cms/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=123&Itemid=2 |archive-date=October 20, 2007}}</ref>