Editing Chaldea (section)

==Name==
The name ''Chaldaea'' is a [[Latinisation of names|latinization]] of the [[Ancient Greek language|Greek]] ''{{transliteration|grc|Khaldaía}}'' ({{lang|grc|Χαλδαία}}), a [[hellenization]] of [[Akkadian language|Akkadian]] ''{{transliteration|akk|māt Kaldu}}'' or ''{{transliteration|akk|Kašdu}}'', suggesting an underlying /kaɬdu/.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Vlaardingerbroek |first1=H.M. |title=Mesopotamia in Greek and Biblical Perceptions: Idiosyncrasies and Distortions |date=2014 |url=https://research.vu.nl/ws/portalfiles/portal/42132706/hoofdstuk+2.+Assyrians%2C+Babylonians%2C+Chaldeans.pdf |access-date=15 December 2021}}</ref> The term ''Chaldea'' appears in [[Hebrew language|Hebrew]] in the [[Bible]] as ''{{transliteration|he|Kaśdim}}'' ({{lang|he|כַּשְׂדִּים}}),{{sfn|McCurdy|Rogers|1902|pp=661–662}} while ''Chaldeans'' are Hebrew ''{{transliteration|he|Kaśdim}}'' ({{lang|he|כַּשְׂדִּים}}) and [[Aramaic language|Aramaic]] ''{{transliteration|arc|Kaśdā'in|}}'' ({{lang|he|כַּשְׂדָּאִין}}).<ref>{{Cite book |last=Miller |first=Stephen |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=M7i4AwAAQBAJ&pg=PA78 |title=Daniel: An Exegetical and Theological Exposition of Holy Scripture |date=1994-08-31 |publisher=B&H Publishing Group |isbn=978-1-4336-7559-1 |pages=78 |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book |last=Strong |first=James |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Ts1NgCRJY8cC&pg=PA1518 |title=Strong's Exhaustive Concordance of the Bible |date=2009 |publisher=Hendrickson Publishers |isbn=978-1-59856-378-8 |pages=1518 |language=en}}</ref><ref name=":0">{{Cite book |last1=FREEDMAN |first1=ed |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=P9sYIRXZZ2MC&pg=PA230 |title=Eerdmans Dictionary of the Bible |last2=Freedman |first2=David Noel |date=2000 |publisher=Wm. B. Eerdmans Publishing |isbn=978-0-8028-2400-4 |pages=230 |language=en}}</ref>

[[Book of Genesis|Genesis]] 22:22 lists ''Kesed'' (כֶּשֶׂד, reconstructed /kaɬd/<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Gzella |first=Holger |title=Ancient Hebrew |url=https://www.academia.edu/28343250}}</ref>), perhaps a singular form of ''Kasdim'', as son of [[Abraham]]'s brother [[Nahor, son of Terah|Nahor]] (and brother of Kemuel the father of Aram), residing in [[Aram Naharaim]]. [[Jubilees]] 11:7 claims that "Ur son of Kesed built the city of Ur-Kasdim, and he named it after himself and his father". 

Jewish historian [[Josephus|Flavius Josephus]] (37–{{Circa|100}}) links [[Arpachshad]] and Chaldaea in his ''[[Antiquities of the Jews]]'': "Arphaxad named the Arphaxadites, who are now called Chaldeans."<ref>{{Cite book|url=https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus:text:1999.01.0146:book=1:section=143&highlight=chaldeans|title=Antiquities of the Jews|last=Josephus|first=Flavius |pages=Book 1, section 143}}</ref> [[Umberto Cassuto]] suggests that the name "Arpachshad" (ארפכשד) may be compounded from [[Kirkuk|Arapcha]]-Kesed.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Cassuto on Genesis, From Noah to Abraham 10:22:4 |url=https://www.sefaria.org/Cassuto_on_Genesis,_From_Noah_to_Abraham.10.22.4 |access-date=2024-12-16 |website=www.sefaria.org}}</ref>