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Cetonia aurata
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==Description== Rose chafers are capable of fast flight; they fly with their wing cases down. They feed on [[pollen]], [[nectar]], and [[flower]]s, especially [[rose]]s. They can be found among roses on warm sunny days from May until June or July, and occasionally as late as September. Rose chafers are found in southern and central Europe and in the southern part of the [[United Kingdom]], where they sometimes seem to be very localized. They can also be found in South East Asia, in the countryside and outlying islands of [[Hong Kong]]. They are a beneficial [[saprophagous]] species ([[detritivore]]s). ===Life cycle=== The [[larva]]e are C–shaped and have a firm, wrinkled, hairy body, a small head, and tiny legs. The larvae overwinter wherever they have been feeding, which may be in [[compost]], [[manure]], [[leaf mould]], or rotting wood. They grow very quickly and will have moulted twice before the end of autumn. They have a two-year [[Biological life cycle|life cycle]]. They [[pupa]]te in June or July. Some adult beetles may emerge in autumn, but the main emergence is in spring, when the beetles mate. After mating, the female beetles lay their [[Egg (biology)|eggs]] in decaying organic matter and then die. ===Coloration=== The metallic green [[animal coloration|coloration]] of the beetle is created [[structural coloration|structurally]],<ref name="A.A. Michelson">{{Cite journal |author=A. A. Michelson |title=On metallic colourings in birds and insects |journal=[[Philosophical Magazine]] |volume=21 |issue=124 |pages=554–567 |year=1911 |doi=10.1080/14786440408637061|url=https://zenodo.org/record/1430722 }}</ref> by the reflection of mostly [[circular polarization|circularly-polarised]] light; like other scarabs, this is left circularly polarised:<ref name="A.A. Michelson"/> When viewed through a right circular [[polariser]], the beetle appears to be colorless. There are also different colors besides the common green; there is also copper, grey and black. A lot of specimens have white speckles while some have very few or none at all.<ref>{{cite journal |last=Hegedüsa |first=Ramón |author2=Győző Szélb |author3=Gábor Horváth|date=September 2006 |title=Imaging polarimetry of the circularly polarizing cuticle of scarab beetles (Coleoptera: Rutelidae, Cetoniidae)|journal=Vision Research |volume=46 |issue=17 |pages=2786–2797 |doi=10.1016/j.visres.2006.02.007 |pmid=16564066|doi-access=free }}</ref> It has been described as a left-hand narrow-band [[elliptical polarization|elliptical polariser]].<ref>[http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/14786435.2011.648228 Chirality-induced polarization effects in the cuticle of scarab beetles: 100 years after Michelson. 2012]</ref>
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