Editing Cesare Zavattini (section)

== Biography ==
Born in [[Luzzara]] near [[Reggio Emilia]] in northern Italy, on 20 September 1902, Zavattini studied law at the University of [[Parma]], but devoted himself to writing. He started his career in ''[[Gazzetta di Parma]]''.<ref>{{cite book|author=Giorgio Bertellini|author-link=Giorgio Bertellini|editor1=Gaetana Marrone |editor2=Paolo Puppa|editor3=Luca Somigli|title=Encyclopedia of Italian Literary Studies|year=2007
|publisher=Routledge|location=London; New York|isbn=9781579583903|page=2042|chapter-url=https://books.google.com/books?id=2U8OAQAAMAAJ
|chapter=Cesare Zavattini (1902-1989)|volume=2}}</ref> In 1930 he relocated to [[Milan]], and worked for the book and magazine publisher [[Angelo Rizzoli]]. After Rizzoli began producing films in 1934, Zavattini received his first screenplay and story credits in 1936.  At the same time he was writing the plot for the comic strip ''[[Saturn against the Earth]]'' with [[Federico Pedrocchi]] (script) and Giovanni Scolari (art) for ''I tre porcellini'' (1936–1937)<ref name=horn1983>{{cite book|title=The World encyclopedia of comics|volume=5|last=Horn |first=Maurice |page=599 |year=1983 |publisher=[[Chelsea House]]|isbn=978-0-87754-323-7}}</ref> and ''[[Topolino]]'' (1937–1946).<ref>{{cite book |title=Le opere e i giorni di Cesare Zavattini. Dipinti (1938–1988) |last=Barilli |first=Renato |page=172 |year=1997 |publisher=Bora |isbn=978-88-85345-57-7 }}</ref>

In 1935, he met [[Vittorio De Sica]], beginning a partnership that produced  some twenty films, including such masterpieces of [[Italian neorealism]] as ''[[Shoeshine (film)|Sciuscià]]'' (1946), ''[[Bicycle Thieves|Ladri di biciclette]]'' (1948), ''[[Miracle in Milan|Miracolo a Milano]]'' (1951), and ''[[Umberto D.]]'' (1952).

In 1952, Zavattini gave an interview to The Italian Film Magazine 2, republished in English as "Some Ideas on the Cinema". The thirteen points Zavattini outlined are widely regarded as his manifesto to Italian neorealism.

In his only experience in Hollywood, Zavattini wrote the screenplay for ''[[The Children of Sanchez (film)|The Children of Sanchez]]'' (1978) based on [[Oscar Lewis]]'s book of the same title, a classic study of a Mexican family. At the [[11th Moscow International Film Festival]] in 1979, he was awarded the Honorable Prize for the contribution to cinema.<ref name="Moscow1979">{{cite web|url=http://www.moscowfilmfestival.ru/miff34/eng/archives/?year=1979 |title=11th Moscow International Film Festival (1979) |access-date=20 January 2013 |work=MIFF |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140403102012/http://www.moscowfilmfestival.ru/miff34/eng/archives/?year=1979 |archive-date=3 April 2014 }}</ref> In 1983 he was a member of the jury at the [[13th Moscow International Film Festival]].<ref name="Moscow1983">{{cite web|url=http://www.moscowfilmfestival.ru/miff34/eng/archives/?year=1983 |title=13th Moscow International Film Festival (1983) |access-date=28 January 2013 |work=MIFF |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131107141111/http://www.moscowfilmfestival.ru/miff34/eng/archives/?year=1983 |archive-date=7 November 2013 }}</ref>

Zavattini died in [[Rome]] on 13 October 1989.<ref>Ugo Pirro, ''Soltanto un nome nei titoli di testa'', Einaudi, Turin, 1998, p. 30.</ref>