Editing Casas Adobes, Arizona (section)

==History==
Though Casas Adobes is an [[unincorporated area|unincorporated]] community, it is older than both the towns of [[Oro Valley, Arizona|Oro Valley]] and [[Marana, Arizona|Marana]].<ref name="chamberofcommerce">{{cite web|url=http://the-chamber.com/casas-adobes-northern-pima-county-communities.html|url-status=usurped|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110830182510/http://the-chamber.com/casas-adobes-northern-pima-county-communities.html|title=Casas Adobes - Northern Pima County Communities|archive-date=August 30, 2011|access-date=August 1, 2023}}</ref>

The area bordering the [[Cañada del Oro]] in the north, and the Rillito River in the south was primarily inhabited and utilized by cattle ranchers. Cattle ranches dominated the Casas Adobes area until the 1920s, when Tucson had grown far enough north and the advent of the automobile made the area more easily accessible.<ref name="chamberofcommerce"/>

One of the first individuals to build a home in the area was Maurice L. Reid, who came to Tucson in 1923 seeking a "walking cure" for [[tuberculosis]]. In the late 1920s Reid bought a {{convert|1500|acre|km2}} former ranch, bounded by North Oracle Road to the east, Orange Grove Road to the south, Ina Road to the north, and North La Cholla Boulevard to the west. Reid planted more than {{convert|200|acre|km2}} of [[citrus]] trees and [[date palms]], that would become the heart of Tucson's citrus industry.<ref name="chamberofcommerce"/> Over the years, Reid sold parcels of land for home sites, and in 1950 he sold the last of his land. Some larger residential estates continue to maintain the remaining citrus groves and orchards nearly a century later.

Leonie Boutall, who relocated to Arizona from [[Tennessee]], decided to build a guest ranch in the early 1930s. The dry climate, her doctor told her, would relieve her [[bronchial]] troubles. Boutall bought {{convert|100|acre|km2}} of former ranch land just west of North Oracle Road, and south of a narrow dirt track now called Orange Grove Road. She built Rancho Nezhone, a luxury guest ranch that drew the rich and famous to the sparsely settled area far north of Tucson.<ref name="chamberofcommerce"/> [[Kate Smith]], [[Liberace]], Gen. [[John Pershing]] and [[William Boyd (actor)|William "Hopalong Cassidy" Boyd]] were guests of the desert retreat which featured lush vegetation with monkeys and parrots. Boutall sold out of the property in 1948.<ref name="chamberofcommerce"/> Today the site is home to Mission Palms Apartments, where much of the original flora and several features remain, including a 300-stone wall in front of the property.<ref name="Nezhone">{{cite web|title=Additional Notes for Rancho Nezhone (guest ranch)|url=http://resources.ahsl.arizona.edu/search/pcms/note.cfm?termID=1325|publisher=[[The University of Arizona]] Health Sciences Library|access-date=October 28, 2017|archive-date=October 29, 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171029120945/http://resources.ahsl.arizona.edu/search/pcms/note.cfm?termID=1325|url-status=dead}}</ref>

Sam Nanini and Giaconda, his wife, moved to Tucson in 1948 seeking to cure Giaconda Nanini's [[bronchial asthma]].<ref name="chamberofcommerce"/> Beginning in the mid-1950s, the Italian born, transplanted Chicagoan developed three residential subdivisions on about {{convert|300|acre|km2}} that became the heart of the Casas Adobes community, giving the community its name.  The subdivisions, along with Sam Nanini's landmark [[Casas Adobes Plaza]], were considered by many to be Tucson's first suburb.<ref name="Suburb">{{cite web|title=About the Tucson Region|url=https://www.seniorsresourceguide.com/directories/Tucson/about_region.html|publisher=Senior Resource Guide|access-date=October 28, 2017|archive-date=October 30, 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171030002938/https://www.seniorsresourceguide.com/directories/Tucson/about_region.html|url-status=dead}}</ref> Most of the homes in the subdivision are large ranch-style homes built with [[adobe]] bricks. Sam Nanini and his son William also later built the world-class Tucson National Resort, and the million-dollar residential subdivision, the Tucson National Estates.<ref name="chamberofcommerce"/>

===1997 incorporation attempt===
In 1997, the Arizona legislature passed a law that suspended the ability of incorporated cities and towns in Pima County to prevent the incorporation of other cities within six miles of their borders for a period of approximately two years.<ref>{{cite web|title=Town of Tortolita v. Napolitano|url=https://caselaw.findlaw.com/az-court-of-appeals/1276321.html|date=March 29, 2001|access-date=June 6, 2018|archive-date=June 27, 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180627174747/https://caselaw.findlaw.com/az-court-of-appeals/1276321.html|url-status=live}}</ref>  That same year, the residents of Casas Adobes voted to incorporate as their own city.  However, a series of appeals overturned the new law on constitutional grounds, and the Superior Court annulled the incorporation.  A second vote for incorporation in 2001 failed 56 to 44 percent.<ref>{{cite news|title=Casas Adobes Incorporation Election, What It Means To You|url=http://tucsoncitizen.com/morgue2/2001/03/14/115832-casas-adobes-incorporation-election-what-it-means-to-you/|date=March 14, 2001|access-date=June 6, 2018|archive-date=October 22, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211022154011/http://tucsoncitizen.com/morgue2/2001/03/14/115832-casas-adobes-incorporation-election-what-it-means-to-you/|url-status=live}}</ref>

Casas Adobes community has grown to encompass a {{convert|23|sqmi|km2|adj=on}} area inhabited by nearly 60,000 residents.<ref name="chamberofcommerce"/> While Casas Adobes' neighboring municipalities of Oro Valley, Marana and Tucson continue to build new homes and shopping centers, Casas Adobes is mostly built out. With the failure of incorporation attempts, it is likely that one or all three of the neighboring entities will annex portions of Casas Adobes in the future.<ref name="chamberofcommerce"/>

===2011 shooting===
{{Main|2011 Tucson shooting}}

On January 8, 2011, 19 people were shot during a Congresswoman's meeting in a Safeway grocery store parking lot.<ref name="cnn1">{{cite news|title=Arizona congresswoman among 19 shot at Tucson grocery|url=http://us.cnn.com/2011/CRIME/01/08/arizona.shooting/index.html?hpt=T1&iref=BN1|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140110085954/http://us.cnn.com/2011/CRIME/01/08/arizona.shooting/index.html?hpt=T1&iref=BN1|url-status=dead|archive-date=January 10, 2014|access-date=January 8, 2011|publisher=CNN|date=January 8, 2011}}</ref> Six people were killed, including a federal judge, [[John Roll]], and a congressional aide. U.S. Representative for {{ushr|Arizona|8|}}, [[Gabby Giffords]], was shot in the head at close range.<ref name="bbc1">{{cite news|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-us-canada-12143774|title=US congresswoman Gabrielle Giffords shot in Arizona|work=BBC News|date=January 8, 2011|access-date=June 20, 2018|archive-date=April 2, 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190402140333/https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-us-canada-12143774|url-status=live}}</ref> A 22-year-old local man named as [[Jared Lee Loughner]] was arrested in connection with the incident.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2011/01/08/jared-lee-loughner-gabrielle-giffords-shooter_n_806243.html|title=Jared Lee Loughner Identified as Gabrielle Giffords Shooter|date=January 8, 2011|work=huffingtonpost.com|access-date=January 8, 2011|archive-date=April 26, 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130426233935/http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2011/01/08/jared-lee-loughner-gabrielle-giffords-shooter_n_806243.html|url-status=live}}</ref>