Editing Captain Marvel (Marvel Comics) (section)

== Publication history ==

Following a trial in which [[DC Comics]] sued [[Fawcett Comics]] for breach of [[copyright]], claiming [[Captain Marvel (DC Comics)|Fawcett's Captain Marvel]] was too similar to [[Superman]], the latter stopped publishing Captain Marvel in 1953.<ref>[http://goodcomics.blogspot.com/2005/06/comic-book-urban-legends-revealed-2.html Comic Book Urban Legends Revealed #2], Comics Should Be Good, June 9, 2005</ref> In the late 1960s Marvel gained the [[trademark]] "Captain Marvel" with its first series.

In order to retain its trademark, Marvel has published a ''Captain Marvel'' title periodically every few years since, leading to a number of [[ongoing series]], [[Limited series (comics)|limited series]], and [[one-shot (comics)|one-shots]] featuring a range of characters using the Captain Marvel alias.<ref>[http://goodcomics.comicbookresources.com/2005/08/18/comic-book-urban-legends-revealed-12/ Comic Book Urban Legends Revealed #12] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160819001343/http://goodcomics.comicbookresources.com/2005/08/18/comic-book-urban-legends-revealed-12/ |date=2016-08-19 }}, Comics Should Be Good, [[Comic Book Resources]], August 18, 2005</ref>

=== Mar-Vell ===
{{Main|Captain Marvel (Mar-Vell)}}

The first Captain Marvel is Mar-Vell. Created by [[Stan Lee]] and [[Penciller|artist]] [[Gene Colan]], the character first appeared in ''[[Marvel Super-Heroes (comics)|Marvel Super-Heroes]]'' #12 (December 1967).<ref name="DeFalco125">{{cite book |last1=DeFalco |first1=Tom |title=Marvel Chronicle A Year by Year History |date=2008 |publisher=[[Dorling Kindersley]] |isbn=978-0756641238 |editor-last=Gilbert |editor-first=Laura |page=125 |chapter=1960s |quote=Captain Mar-Vell was an evil Kree  warrior sent to spy on Earth, by Stan Lee and artist Gene Colan. |author-link=Tom DeFalco}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Buxton |first=Marc |date=2019-03-11 |title=Captain Marvel: Who is Mar-Vell? |url=https://www.denofgeek.com/comics/captain-marvel-who-is-mar-vell/ |access-date=2023-04-03 |website=[[Den of Geek]] |language=en-US}}</ref>

Captain Mar-Vell is a military officer of the [[Kree]] Imperial Militia sent to observe the planet [[Earth]], as it is developing technology to travel into space. Mar-Vell eventually wearies of his superiors' malicious intent and allies himself with Earth, and the Kree Empire brands him a traitor.  From then on, Mar-Vell fights to protect Earth from all threats.

He was later revamped by [[Roy Thomas]] and [[Gil Kane]]. Having been exiled to the [[Negative Zone]] by the [[Supreme Intelligence]], the only way Mar-Vell can temporarily escape is to exchange atoms with [[Rick Jones (character)|Rick Jones]] by means of special wristbands called Nega-Bands.<ref name=" DeFalco138">DeFalco "1960s" in Gilbert (2008), p. 138: "Rick Jones...became bonded to Captain Mar-Vell thanks to Roy Thomas and artist Gil Kane."</ref> He is also given superpowers, and his Kree military uniform is replaced with a form-fitting costume. The process of the young man being replaced in a flash by the older superhero was a nod to the original Fawcett Captain Marvel, which had young Billy Batson say the magic word "Shazam" to transform into the hero.

With the title's sales still flagging, Marvel allowed [[Jim Starlin]] to conceptually revamp the character,<ref name=" Sanderson159">[[Peter Sanderson|Sanderson, Peter]] "1970s" in Gilbert (2008), p. 159: "In March [1973], the first of artist Jim Starlin's many sagas of the Marvel heroes' wars against Thanos began."</ref> although his appearance was little changed. Mar-Vell is freed from the Negative Zone and becomes a cosmic champion, the "Protector of the Universe" appointed by the cosmic entity Eon. Together, Mar-Vell and Rick continue to battle against evil, most notably battling the Death-worshipping [[Thanos]]. Mar-Vell became a close ally of the [[Titan (Marvel Comics location)|Titans]], and one of their number, [[Elysius]], became his lover.

His career was cut short when he developed inoperable cancer, the result of earlier exposure to [[nerve gas]] during a battle with [[Nitro (comics)|Nitro]]. He died from cancer in the 1982 [[graphic novel]] ''[[The Death of Captain Marvel]]'' and has remained dead since.<ref name="DeFalco207">DeFalco "1980s" in Gilbert (2008), p. 207: "This title by Jim Starlin was the first of a new series of Marvel Graphic Novels. Running between forty-eight and ninety-six pages, these paperback books were an attempt to compete with the European-style graphic albums."</ref>

=== Monica Rambeau ===
{{Main|Monica Rambeau}}
The second Captain Marvel is '''Monica Rambeau'''. Created by [[Roger Stern]] and [[John Romita Jr.]], the character first appeared in ''[[The Amazing Spider-Man Annual]]''#16 (October 1982).<ref>{{cite book |last1=Cowsill |first1=Alan |last2=Manning |first2=Matthew K. |title=Spider-Man Chronicle: Celebrating 50 Years of Web-Slinging |date=2012 |publisher=DK Publishing |isbn=978-0756692360 |page=131}}</ref>

Monica Rambeau is a police lieutenant from [[New Orleans]], [[Louisiana]] who can transform into any form of energy.<ref>''The [[Amazing Spider-Man]]'' Annual #16 (1982)</ref> Her powers were briefly altered so that she cannot transform to energy, but instead can generate a personal force field.<ref>''Captain Marvel'' vol. 3 #1 (Nov. 1989)</ref> Sometime later, the [[Stranger (comics)|Stranger]] returned her energy-transformation abilities. She is a member of the [[Avengers (comics)|Avengers]], and at one point she served as their leader. She eventually ceded the Captain Marvel name to the original Captain Marvel's son after which Rambeau took the name '''Photon''',<ref>''[[Avengers Unplugged]]'' #5 (June 1996)</ref> using that name for quite some time until [[Genis-Vell]] adopted the same name. Genis-Vell and Monica discussed this, and Monica decided on the name '''Pulsar'''.<ref>''[[New Thunderbolts]]'' #9 (Aug. 2005)</ref>

Rambeau later joined H.A.T.E. (the Highest Anti-Terrorism Effort) in the new series titled ''[[Nextwave]]''.<ref>''Nextwave: Agents of H.A.T.E.'' #1 (March 2006)</ref> In this series created by [[Warren Ellis]] and [[Stuart Immonen]], H.A.T.E. (a subsidiary of the [[Beyond Corporation]]) forms a team to fight the Bizarre Weapons of Mass Destruction. Members include Monica Rambeau, a man known only as [[Captain (comics)|The Captain]], [[Tabitha Smith|Boom Boom]], [[Machine Man|Aaron Stack]], and [[Elsa Bloodstone]]. She returned to the Avengers using the codename '''Spectrum'''.

=== Genis-Vell ===
{{Main|Genis-Vell}}
The third Captain Marvel is '''Genis-Vell'''. Created by Ron Marz and Ron Lim, the character first appeared in ''[[Silver Surfer]]'' vol. 3 Annual #6 (1993).<ref>{{Cite web |last=Hunt |first=James |date=2019-03-06 |title=Captain Marvel: The Many Versions of the Character |url=https://www.denofgeek.com/comics/captain-marvel-versions/ |access-date=2023-04-03 |website=[[Den of Geek]] |language=en-US}}</ref>

Genis-Vell is the genetically-engineered son of Mar-Vell and his lover Elysius, created from the late Mar-Vell's cell samples and artificially aged to physical, if not emotional, maturity. Genis, like his father, wears the Nega-Bands, possesses Cosmic Awareness, and is, for a time, bonded with Rick Jones. Although the pair do not get along at first, they eventually become good friends. Genis goes insane and threatens to destroy the universe.

After dying and resurrecting himself with the secret aid of [[Helmut Zemo]], Genis-Vell joins the [[Thunderbolts (comics)|Thunderbolts]] under the name '''Photon'''. However, in accelerating his resurrection, Zemo links Genis to the ends of time, causing a degenerative effect on the universe. To prevent the inevitable destruction of all existence, Zemo scatters pieces of Genis-Vell's body through time and the [[Darkforce]].<ref>''New Thunderbolts'' #18 (April 2006)</ref> Years later, he is resurrected by Carol Danvers and Phyla-Vell.<ref>''Captain Marvel'' (vol. 10) #35 (March 2022)</ref>

=== Phyla-Vell ===
{{Main|Phyla-Vell}}
The fourth Captain Marvel is '''Phyla-Vell'''. Created by [[Peter David]] and Paul Azaceta, the character first appeared in ''Captain Marvel'' vol. 5 #16 (November 2003).<ref>{{Cite web |last=Kleinman |first=Jake |title='Guardians of the Galaxy 3' leaks could reveal an exciting new team member |url=https://www.inverse.com/entertainment/guardians-of-the-galaxy-3-leaks-set-photos-outfits |access-date=2023-02-12 |website=Inverse |date=3 May 2022 |language=en}}</ref>

Phyla-Vell is the sister of Genis-Vell. She is created when Genis, an only child, recreates the universe and, in doing so, creates various anomalies which result in his mother being restored to life and his sister coming into existence. She is last seen romancing [[Moondragon]].

Phyla-Vell appears in the ''[[Annihilation (comics)|Annihilation]]'' event, fighting alongside [[Nova (Richard Rider)|Nova]]'s [[United Front (comics)|United Front]] in an effort to stop the destructive armies of [[Annihilus]]. She becomes the new [[Quasar (character)|Quasar]] after the original, [[Quasar (Wendell Vaughn)|Wendell Vaughn]], is killed by Annihilus.<ref>[http://www.newsarama.com/NYCC/2007/Marvel/cup_o_joe.html NYCC '07 - JOE QUESADA's CUP 'O JOE PANEL] {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070226131153/http://www.newsarama.com/NYCC/2007/Marvel/cup_o_joe.html |date=February 26, 2007 }}, [[Newsarama]]</ref>

Phyla has superhuman strength. She can fire energy blasts, fly, and act like an "energy sponge", absorbing any energy attacks directed at her and returning them as energy blasts. Phyla also has cosmic awareness and is a proficient fighter.

Phyla later becomes an avatar for Oblivion and renames herself Martyr. She is later killed rescuing the [[Guardians of the Galaxy (2008 team)|Guardians of the Galaxy]], and has remained dead since.<ref>''Guardians of the Galaxy'' (vol. 2) #19 (December 2009)</ref>

=== Khn'nr ===
{{Main|Captain Marvel (Khn'nr)}}

The fifth Captain Marvel is '''Khn'nr'''. Created by [[Paul Jenkins (writer)|Paul Jenkins]] and [[Tom Raney]], the character first appeared in ''[[Civil War (comics)|Civil War]]: The Return'' (January [[2007 in comics|2007]]).<ref name="CACM">{{cite web |last=Shiach |first=Kieran |date=June 29, 2016 |title=The Replacements: Mar-Vell And The Legacy Of Captain Marvel |url=https://comicsalliance.com/the-replacements-mar-vell-captain-marvel/ |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20171014213629/http://comicsalliance.com/the-replacements-mar-vell-captain-marvel/ |archivedate=October 14, 2017 |accessdate=June 17, 2019 |publisher=[[ComicsAlliance]]}}</ref>

He is a [[Skrull]] sleeper agent who is bound with Mar-Vell's DNA to lock itself into Mar-Vell's form and given technological replicas of the Kree Nega-Bands. However, his mental conditioning was botched, causing Khn'nr's personality to be erased, leaving the Mar-Vell persona dominant. Though part of the [[Secret Invasion]], Khn'nr decides to fight against the invading Skrulls, during which he is nearly killed.

=== Noh-Varr ===
{{Main|Noh-Varr}}
The sixth Captain Marvel is '''Noh-Varr'''. Created by [[Grant Morrison]] and [[J.G. Jones]], the character first appeared in ''[[Marvel Boy]]'' #1 (August 2000).<ref>{{cite book |last1=DeFalco |first1=Tom |title=The Marvel Encyclopedia |last2=Sanderson |first2=Peter |last3=Brevoort |first3=Tom |last4=Teitelbaum |first4=Michael |last5=Wallace |first5=Daniel |last6=Darling |first6=Andrew |last7=Forbeck |first7=Matt |last8=Cowsill |first8=Alan |last9=Bray |first9=Adam |date=2019 |publisher=DK Publishing |isbn=978-1-4654-7890-0 |page=233}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Blumberg |first=Arnold T. |date=2019-04-06 |title=Know Your Captain Marvel from Your Captain Mar-Vell |url=https://www.ign.com/articles/2019/04/06/know-your-captain-marvel-from-your-captain-mar-vell |access-date=2023-02-12 |website=[[IGN]] |language=en}}</ref>

As part of the [[Dark Reign (comics)|Dark Reign]] storyline, Noh-Varr joined the new team the [[Dark Avengers]], using the alias Captain Marvel.<ref>''[[Dark Avengers]]'' #1 (March 2009)</ref> He subsequently quit the team upon discovering they were all villains, at which point he was contacted by the Supreme Intelligence, given a copy of the original Captain Marvel's Nega Bands, and told he should take his place as the Kree's protector of Earth. This led to Noh-Varr taking the new code name Protector. Noh-Varr currently goes by the codename '''Marvel Boy''', the name he uses when he joins the [[Young Avengers]] and works alongside the [[Inhuman Royal Family (comics)|Inhuman Royal Family]].

=== Carol Danvers ===
[[File:Captain Marvel at Madame Tussauds London 2019-07-17.jpg|thumb|Captain Marvel at [[Madame Tussauds London]]]]
{{Main|Carol Danvers}}
The seventh Captain Marvel is '''Carol Danvers'''. Created by [[Roy Thomas]] and [[Gene Colan]], the character first appeared in ''[[Marvel Super-Heroes (comics)|Marvel Super-Heroes]]'' #13 (March 1968).<ref>{{Cite web |last=Blumberg |first=Arnold T. |date=2019-04-06 |title=Know Your Captain Marvel from Your Captain Mar-Vell |url=https://www.ign.com/articles/2019/04/06/know-your-captain-marvel-from-your-captain-mar-vell |access-date=2023-04-03 |website=[[IGN]] |language=en}}</ref>

Carol Danvers, the longtime super-heroine known as '''[[Ms. Marvel]]''', assumed the mantle of Captain Marvel in an ongoing series written by [[Kelly Sue DeConnick]] with art by Dexter Soy, in July 2012.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Tan |first=Shelly |date=March 7, 2019 |title=Becoming Captain Marvel |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/graphics/2019/entertainment/captain-marvel-history/ |newspaper=[[The Washington Post]]}}</ref> Danvers dons a [[jumpsuit]] and explores her own past. DeConnick said at [[WonderCon]] 2012 that her pitch for the series could be described as "Carol Danvers as [[Chuck Yeager]]." She said the series would contemplate what Captain Marvel's legend means to Danvers, how she will wield it, and how the rest of the [[Marvel Universe]] reacts.<ref name="Beard120317">{{cite web |last=Beard |first=Jim |date=March 17, 2012 |title=WonderCon 2012: Captain Marvel |url=http://marvel.com/news/story/18290/wondercon_2012_captain_marvel |website=marvel.com |publisher=Marvel |access-date=March 19, 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120621184028/http://marvel.com/news/story/18290/wondercon_2012_captain_marvel |archive-date=2012-06-21 |url-status=dead }}</ref>