Editing Canyon County, Idaho (section)

==History==
[[Hudson's Bay Company]] established [[Fort Boise]] in 1834 near what is now [[Parma, Idaho|Parma]],<ref name=lmtroot>{{cite news |url=https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=Q6VfAAAAIBAJ&sjid=SzIMAAAAIBAJ&pg=5310%2C533183 |work=Lewiston Morning Tribune |location=(Idaho) |last=Bird |first=Annie Laurie |title=Canyon County has roots in a violent past |date=May 3, 1962 |page=8, section 2}}</ref> but abandoned it in 1855. Emigrants traveled through Canyon County on the [[Oregon Trail]].<ref>[http://www.idaho.gov/aboutidaho/county/canyon.html Idaho.gov - about Idaho - Canyon Co.] {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20041220221829/http://www.idaho.gov/aboutidaho/county/canyon.html |date=December 20, 2004}} accessed May 3, 2009</ref>

Discovery of gold in the Boise Basin in 1862 brought settlement to the region again.<ref name=lmtroot/> The lower [[Boise River]] was fully contained within Boise County from 1863 until the formation of [[Ada County, Idaho|Ada County]] in 1864. Settlement of the lower Boise River west of Boise City was limited prior to the completion of the [[Oregon Short Line Railroad]].<ref name=lmtroot/> [[Middleton, Idaho|Middleton]] was the first European settlement of Canyon County, starting in 1863.<ref>{{cite web|title=City of Middleton Comprehensive Plan|url=http://middleton.id.gov/Portals/0/PlanningZoningDocs/Comprehensive%20Plan%20-%209-21-2016.pdf |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161224082848/http://middleton.id.gov/Portals/0/PlanningZoningDocs/Comprehensive%20Plan%20-%209-21-2016.pdf |archive-date=December 24, 2016 |url-status=live|website=City of Middleton|publisher=City of Middleton Planning and Zoning|access-date=February 5, 2017}}</ref> The 1870 Census for Ada County listed 76 residents of the Boise Valley, excluding Boise City and the 1880 Census listed 44 residents at Middleton.<ref>{{cite book|title=Ninth Census&mdash;Volume I: The Statistics of the Population of the United States|date=1872|publisher=Government Printing Office|location=Washington|page=107|url=http://www2.census.gov/prod2/decennial/documents/1870a-05.pdf |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20050124185606/http://www2.census.gov/prod2/decennial/documents/1870a-05.pdf |archive-date=January 24, 2005 |url-status=live|access-date=February 5, 2017}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|title=Statistics of the Population of the United States at the Tenth Census|date=June 1, 1880|publisher=Department of the Interior|location=Washington|page=130|url=http://www2.census.gov/prod2/decennial/documents/1880a_v1-09.pdf |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060514131921/http://www2.census.gov/prod2/decennial/documents/1880a_v1-09.pdf |archive-date=May 14, 2006 |url-status=live|access-date=February 5, 2017}}</ref> The arrival of the railroad at Caldwell led to the establishment of a town there as of August 1883.<ref>{{cite web|title=City of Caldwell 2030 Comprehensive Plan|url=http://www.cityofcaldwell.org/home/showdocument?id=1012|website=City of Caldwell, Idaho|publisher=City of Caldwell, Idaho Planning and Zoning Department|access-date=February 5, 2017|ref=p. 3}}</ref>

Businessmen James A. McGee and Alexander Duffes filed the plat for nearby Nampa in 1886.<ref>{{cite web|title=Nampa 2035 Comprehensive Plan|url=http://www.cityofnampa.us/DocumentCenter/View/415|website=City of Nampa, Idaho|publisher=City of Nampa, Idaho Planning and Zoning Department|access-date=February 5, 2017}}</ref> Parma was settled around the same time, with the Old Fort Boise post office being moved to the town's location; it was incorporated in 1904.<ref>{{cite web|title=History fan names Parma after town in Italy|url=http://www.idahopress.com/cavalcade/history-fan-names-parma-after-town-in-italy/article_852635aa-d590-53fd-bcab-dbe33d8e8efa.html|website=Idaho Press|publisher=Idaho Press|access-date=February 5, 2017}}</ref> Ada County established precincts for each of the settlements with a combined 1890 Census population of 2,311.<ref>{{cite book|title=Report on Population of the United States at the Eleventh Census: 1890|date=1895|publisher=Department of the Interior|location=Washington|page=99|url=http://www2.census.gov/prod2/decennial/documents/1890a_v1-07.pdf |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20050124075117/http://www2.census.gov/prod2/decennial/documents/1890a_v1-07.pdf |archive-date=January 24, 2005 |url-status=live|access-date=February 5, 2017}}</ref> Significant settlement of Greenleaf and Notus started around 1904 with the two settlements listed as precincts at the 1910 census. Notus was incorporated in 1921 while Greenleaf was incorporated prior to 1980.<ref>{{cite web|title=The hazy history of Notus|url=http://www.idahopress.com/cavalcade/the-hazy-history-of-notus/article_c909da58-3f7a-5c32-aab9-2e4ac295baff.html|website=Idaho Press|publisher=Idaho Press|access-date=February 5, 2017}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|title=Thirteenth Census of the United States, Taken in the Year 1910|date=1913|publisher=Department of Commerce|location=Washington|page=390|url=http://www2.census.gov/prod2/decennial/documents/36894832v2ch03.pdf |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20061003092223/http://www2.census.gov/prod2/decennial/documents/36894832v2ch03.pdf |archive-date=October 3, 2006 |url-status=live|access-date=February 5, 2017}}</ref> Melba was incorporated in 1912 while Wilder was incorporated in 1919.<ref>{{cite web|title=City of Wilder Comprehensive Plan|url=http://www.cityofwilder.org/CompPlan.pdf |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090411020330/http://www.cityofwilder.org/CompPlan.pdf |archive-date=April 11, 2009 |url-status=live|website=City of Wilder|publisher=City of Wilder, Idaho}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=History of Melba|url=http://www.cityofmelba.org/history.html|website=cityofmelba.org|publisher=Melba Idaho|access-date=February 5, 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304050659/http://www.cityofmelba.org/history.html|archive-date=March 4, 2016|url-status=dead}}</ref> The City of Star annexed a portion of territory in northeast Canyon County prior to 2007, becoming the county's ninth incorporated city. The majority of Star is located within Ada County.<ref>{{cite web|title=The Comprehensive Plan for the City of Star|url=https://staridaho.us/index.php/docman-all-documents/city-department-documents/planning-and-zoning/general-information-1/126-planning-comprehensive-plan/file|website=Star City|publisher=Star City, Idaho|access-date=February 5, 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161019204459/http://staridaho.us/index.php/docman-all-documents/city-department-documents/planning-and-zoning/general-information-1/126-planning-comprehensive-plan/file|archive-date=October 19, 2016|url-status=dead}}</ref>

The Idaho Legislature created Canyon County from Ada County in an act approved March 7, 1891, effective at the November 26, 1892, election. Caldwell was established as the county seat. The county originally contained all of Canyon and [[Payette County, Idaho|Payette]] counties and part of [[Gem County, Idaho|Gem]]; Gem County formed in 1915 and Payette County in 1917.<ref>{{cite book|title=Atlas of Idaho Historical County Boundaries|date=2010|publisher=The Newberry Library|location=Chicago|pages=66–68|ref=(Id. Laws 1890, 1st sess., p. 155; Nelson and Webbert, p. 75)}}</ref> Some sources attribute the name to the canyon of the [[Boise River]] near Caldwell, while western writers [[John Rees (journalist)|John Rees]] and [[Vardis Fisher]] believed it was named for the [[Snake River]] canyon, which forms a natural boundary with [[Owyhee County, Idaho|Owyhee County]] to the south and west.