Editing Calistoga, California (section)

==History==
[[File:219-MOUNT ST HELENA.jpg|thumb|left|[[Calistoga Spa Hot Springs|Calistoga Hot Springs]] in 1873]]
[[File:Larkmead Winery, 1091 Larkmead Lane, Calistoga, CA 10-22-2011 1-27-50 PM (cropped).JPG|thumb|left|Larkmead Winery, built 1884]]
The Upper Napa Valley was once the home of a significant population of Indigenous People, called the [[Wappo]], during the Spanish colonial era of the late 18th century. With abundant [[oak]] trees providing [[acorn]]s as a food staple and the natural hot springs as a healing ground Calistoga ([[Wappo language|Wappo]]: ''Nilektsonoma'', meaning "Chicken Hawk Place")<ref>{{Cite web
| title = Wappo Language
| work = Wappo Indians of Napa County
| access-date = August 15, 2012
| url = http://score.rims.k12.ca.us/activity/wappo/pages/language.html
| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20120208151926/http://score.rims.k12.ca.us/activity/wappo/pages/language.html
| archive-date = February 8, 2012
| url-status = dead
}}</ref> was the site of several villages. Following [[Mexican War of Independence|Mexican Independence]], mission properties were secularized and disposed of by the Mexican government with much of the Napa Valley being partitioned into large ranchos in the 1830s and 1840s. The first [[Anglo]] settlers began arriving in the 1840s, with several taking up lands in the Calistoga area.

[[Samuel Brannan]] was the leader of a Mormon settlement expedition on the ship ''Brooklyn'' landing in Yerba Buena (San Francisco) in 1846. He published San Francisco's first English-language newspaper, the ''California Star''. Following the discovery of [[gold]] in [[Coloma, California|Coloma]], Brannan became California's first millionaire. Fascinated by Calistoga's natural hot springs, Brannan purchased more than {{convert|2000|acre|km2|0}} with the intent to develop a spa reminiscent of [[Saratoga Springs]] in [[New York (state)|New York]].

The name of ''Calistoga'' was given to the place in the fall of 1867, by Mr. Brannan, who has been reported and quoted as saying that the name came from a [[Spoonerism|slip of the tongue]] that transformed "Saratoga of California" into "Calistoga of Sarafornia".<ref>{{cite book | last=Gudde | first=E.G. | last2=Bright | first2=W. | title=California Place Names: The Origin and Etymology of Current Geographical Names | publisher=University of California Press | year=2010 | isbn=978-0-520-26619-3 | url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ibMwDwAAQBAJ | access-date=February 8, 2022|page=[https://books.google.com/books?id=ibMwDwAAQBAJ&pg=PA61 61]}}</ref><ref>{{cite magazine|url=https://www.suttercountymuseum.org/resources/media/2013Oct.pdf|title=Sutter County Historical Society|magazine=Bulletin|volume=55|issue=4|year=2014|page=17|publisher=Sutter County Museum}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal
  | last = Yerger
  | first = Rebecca
  | title = Calistoga celebrates No. 125
  | journal = [[Napa Valley Register]]
  | date = July 15, 2011
| url = http://napavalleyregister.com/news/local/calistoga-celebrates-no/article_97bcc9d8-aea5-11e0-9866-001cc4c002e0.html
  | access-date = July 16, 2011}}</ref> The place had already been previously called ''Hot Springs'' by the few Americans, and ''Agua Caliente'' by the Spaniards and Indians.<ref>[https://books.google.com/books?id=B5zM4k7DUjkC&pg=RA1-PA329&q=It%20was%20his%20boast%20that%20he%20was%20going%20to%20make%20the%20place%20the%20Saratoga%20of%20California%2C%20so%20he%20spliced%20the%20names%20and%20called%20it%20Cal%20(is)%20toga%2C%20the%20middle%20syllable%20for%20euphony. History of Napa and Lake Counties]</ref>
[[File:Calistoga (c. 1890).jpg|thumb|left|View of Calistoga, {{circa|1890}}]]
Brannan's Hot Springs Resort surrounding Mt. Lincoln with the Spa/Hotel located at what is now Indian Springs Resort and Brannan Cottage Inn, opened to California's rich and famous in 1862. The [[California Pacific Railroad#Napa Valley Railroad|Napa Valley Railroad Company's]] track was completed to Calistoga in 1868, providing an easier connection for [[Ferries of San Francisco Bay|ferry passengers]] traveling from [[San Francisco]], as well as transforming Calistoga into a transportation hub for the upper Napa Valley and a gateway to [[Lake County, California|Lake]] and [[Sonoma County|Sonoma]] Counties. 
[[File:Calistoga_Roman_Plunge.jpg|thumb|right|The [[Calistoga Spa Hot Springs|Calistoga Hot Springs]], {{circa|1940|lk=no}}]]
[[File:Mount View Hotel, 1457 Lincoln Ave., Calistoga, CA 10-22-2011 2-20-34 PM.JPG|thumb|left|The Mount View Hotel, built 1918]]
Calistoga's economy was based on mining ([[silver]] and [[mercury (element)|mercury]]) agriculture (grapes, prunes and walnuts) and tourism (the hot springs). One of the early visitors was [[Robert Louis Stevenson]], who wrote the ''[[Silverado Squatters]]'' while honeymooning with his wife [[Fanny Vandegrift]] at a cabin near Silverado Mine on [[Mount Saint Helena]].

In 1920, Giuseppe Musante, a soda fountain and candy store owner in Calistoga, was drilling for a cold water well at the Railway Exchange when he tapped into a hot water source. In 1924 he set up a bottling line and began selling Calistoga Sparkling Mineral Water. The company became a major player in the bottled water business after Elwood Sprenger bought the small bottling plant in 1970 known today as [[Calistoga Water Company]].

Calistoga was named a Distinctive Destination by the [[National Trust for Historic Preservation]] in 2001.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.napayellowpages.com/about-napa-valley/calistoga.htm |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20010508162226/http://www.napayellowpages.com/about-napa-valley/calistoga.htm |url-status=usurped |archive-date=May 8, 2001 |title= About Calistoga California 94515 - Area Code 707 USA |website=napayellowpages.com |access-date=July 25, 2017}}</ref>

In 2017, the [[Tubbs Fire]], which killed at least 19 people, started off Highway 128 and Bennett Lane in Calistoga. The fire led to the evacuation of almost the entire population of Calistoga. The 2017 Tubbs Fire took exactly the same path as the 1964 [[Hanly Fire]]. In 2020, the [[Glass Fire]] forced an evacuation of the city for the second time in four years. Since then, [[PG&E]] has several times pre-emptively cut electrical power to Calistoga in dangerous weather conditions to prevent its power lines from sparking a wildfire. In 2024, the utility funded the construction of the [[Calistoga Resiliency Center]], a backup electricity generation facility ([[microgrid]]) equipped with six hydrogen fuel cells that will be able to provide power to the city for at least 48 hours.<ref>{{cite news |first=Maliya |last=Ellis |url=https://www.sfchronicle.com/climate/article/calistoga-energy-pge-shutoffs-19661569.php |title=Napa Valley town hopes to avoid PG&E power shutoffs with novel energy facility |newspaper=San Francisco Chronicle |date=September 28, 2024 }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.ci.calistoga.ca.us/city-hall/departments-services/public-works/calistoga-resiliency-center |title=Calistoga Resiliency Center (Microgrid) |publisher=City of Calistoga |access-date=March 20, 2025 }}</ref>