Editing Caer (section)

==Etymology==

The term is thought to have derived from the [[Brittonic languages|Brittonic]] *''kagro-'' and to be cognate with ''cae'' ("field, enclosed piece of land").<ref>''[[Geiriadur Prifysgol Cymru]]'', vol. 1, p. 384.</ref> Although stone [[castle]]s were largely introduced to [[Wales]] by the invading [[Norman invasion of Wales|Normans]], "caer" was and remains used to describe the settlements around some of them as well. An example is the [[Segontium|Roman fort]] at [[Caernarfon]], formerly known in Welsh as ''{{lang|cy|Caer Seiont}}'' from its position on the [[Afon Seiont|Seiont]]; the later [[Edwardian Conquest of Wales|Edwardian]] [[Caernarfon Castle|castle]] and its community were distinguished as ''{{lang|cy|Caer yn Arfon}}'' ("fort in Arfon", the latter being a district name ([[Cantref Arfon]]) from "ar Fôn", "(land) opposite Môn or [[Anglesey]]").<ref name=chessie /> However, the modern names of the Roman fort and Edwardian castle themselves are now ''{{lang|cy|Segontiwm}}'' or ''{{lang|cy|Castell Caernarfon}}'', while the communities carry on the name ''caer''.

Note that the term is not believed to be related to the [[Irish language|Irish]] ''cathair'' ("city"), which is instead derived from [[Proto-Celtic]] *''katrixs'', *''catarax'' ("fortification").<ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=GeXQdMRhTPgC&q=+cathair&pg=RA1-PA115|title=The Development of Celtic Linguistics, 1850-1900: Celtic studies|first=Hermann Wilhelm|last=Ebel|date=April 6, 2001|publisher=Taylor & Francis|isbn=9780415226998|via=Google Books}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=CqOZYQAx_xIC&q=cathair&pg=PA175|title=Sengoidelc: Old Irish for Beginners|first=David|last=Stifter|date=June 12, 2006|publisher=Syracuse University Press|isbn=9780815630722|via=Google Books}}</ref>