Editing Brixton (section)

==History==
[[File:Ashby's mill 1864.jpg|thumb|[[Ashby's Mill, Brixton]], also known as Brixton Windmill in 1864]]
[[File:Lambeth Met. B Ward Map 1916.svg|thumb|A map showing the Brixton ward of Lambeth Metropolitan Borough as it appeared in 1916.]]

===Toponymy===
The name Brixton is thought to originate from {{lang|ang|Brixistane}}, meaning the stone of Brixi, a [[Saxon]] lord. Brixi is thought to have erected a [[boundary stone]] to mark the meeting place of the ancient [[Brixton (hundred)|Brixton hundred court]] of [[Surrey]]. The location is unknown but is thought to be at the top of [[Brixton Hill]], at a road known at the time as Bristow or Brixton Causeway, long before any settlement in the area.{{Citation needed|date=October 2022}}

===Until the mid-19th century===
Brixton marks the rise from the marshes in the north of the ancient parish of [[Lambeth (parish)|Lambeth]] up to the hills of [[Upper Norwood]] and [[Streatham]]. At the time the [[River Effra]] flowed from its source in Upper Norwood through [[Herne Hill]] to Brixton. At Brixton the river was crossed by low bridges for [[Roman road]]s to the south coast, now [[Brixton Road]] and Clapham Road. The main roads were connected through a network of medieval country lanes, such as Acre Lane, [[Coldharbour Lane]], Brixton Water Lane and Lyham Road, formerly Black Lane. It was only at the end of the 18th century that villages and settlements formed around Brixton, as the original woodland was gradually reduced until the area was covered in farmland and [[market garden]]s known for game and strawberries.{{Citation needed|date=April 2013}}

The area remained undeveloped until the beginning of the 19th century, the main settlements being near [[Stockwell]], Brixton Hill and Coldharbour Lane. With the opening of [[Vauxhall Bridge]] in 1816, improved access to [[Central London]] led to a process of suburban development. The largest single development, and one of the last in suburban character, was Angell Town, laid out in the 1850s on the east side of [[Brixton Road]], and so named after a family that owned land in Lambeth from the late 17th century until well into the 20th.<ref name=autogenerated5 /> As bridges were built across the [[Thames]] in the early 19th century those working in the [[City of London]] and the [[London West End|West End]] moved to south London. The first development was in Washway, now Brixton Road. With the [[enclosure|enclosing]] of the Manor of Lambeth, owned by the [[Archbishop of Canterbury]], in 1806 and the opening of [[Vauxhall Bridge]] in 1816, [[terraced houses]] and detached villas started to line the main roads. The [[Rush Common]] enclosure stipulations dictated that houses had to be set back from the main roads, allowing for generous gardens. [[St Matthew's Church, Brixton|St Matthew's Church]] on part of the former common land was consecrated in 1824. The parish of St Matthew Brixton, one of five subdivisions of the ancient Lambeth parish, stretched from Camberwell Green in the northeast, to Clapham Road in the northwest, to the outer edge of Brockwell Park in the southeast and to Kingswood Road in the southwest.{{Citation needed|date=October 2022}}

[[Ashby's Mill, Brixton|Ashby's Mill]], one of the few surviving windmills in London, was built in 1816, just off Brixton Hill and surrounded by houses built during Brixton's [[Victorian era|Victorian]] expansion. The [[Surrey House of Correction]], later Brixton prison, was established in 1819.<ref name="Ideal Homes – Brixton">[http://www.ideal-homes.org.uk/lambeth/main/brixton.htm Ideal Homes – Brixton] {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100409070104/http://www.ideal-homes.org.uk/lambeth/main/brixton.htm |date=9 April 2010 }}</ref>

As part of the [[Reform Act 1832]] the expanding area of London was given representation with the creation of new parliamentary boroughs covering the metropolitan area. Only the part of Brixton north of St Matthew's Church became part of the [[Lambeth (UK Parliament constituency)|Lambeth parliamentary borough]], reflecting the still semi-rural nature of the southern part of the area. The population of Brixton was 10,175 in 1841, about 10% of the parish of Lambeth. In twenty years the population of both had doubled.<ref>Census of England and Wales, 1841</ref><ref>Census of England and Wales, 1861</ref>

===Victorian expansion===
When the London sewerage system was constructed during the mid-19th century, its designer [[Sir Joseph Bazalgette]] incorporated flows from the River Effra into his 'high-level interceptor sewer', also known as the Effra sewer.<ref>{{cite news |title=The Main Drainage of London |date=21 October 1853 |work=The Morning Post |location=London, England |page=2 |publisher=[[British Newspaper Archive]]}}</ref>

Brixton was connected to central London by rail on 25 August 1862 when [[Brixton and South Stockwell railway station]] was opened by the [[London, Chatham and Dover Railway]] on the line from Victoria. On 13 August 1866 the [[London, Brighton & South Coast Railway]] opened [[Loughborough Park railway station]] with connections to London Bridge and the following year to Victoria. With the arrival of the railways a building boom set in. Brixton was transformed into a middle class suburb between the 1860s and 1890s and Brixton developed into a major shopping centre. The first purpose-built [[department store]], [[Bon Marché (Brixton)]], was opened on Brixton Road in 1877 and [[Electric Avenue]] was one of the first shopping arcades to have electric lighting. The now famous [[Brixton Market]] began in Atlantic Road and was moved to Station Road in the 1920s to ease traffic congestion.<ref name="Ideal Homes – Brixton"/>

In 1881 the population of Brixton was 62,837, now home to a quarter of the parish of Lambeth.<ref>Census of England and Wales, 1881</ref>

A prominent building on Brixton High Street (at 472–488 Brixton Road) is Morleys, an independent department store established in the 1880s.<ref>{{cite web |title=Morleys store, Brixton |url=http://www.morleys.co.uk/morleys-stores-ltd |website=Morleys.co.uk |publisher=Morleys Stores Ltd |access-date=18 September 2014 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140901121054/http://www.morleys.co.uk/morleys-stores-ltd |archive-date=1 September 2014}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=https://londonist.com/2016/07/morley-s-brixton |title=Inside The Brixton Department Store With 130 Years Of History |date=16 July 2016 |website=Londonist |language=en |access-date=4 March 2019 |archive-date=6 March 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190306044931/https://londonist.com/2016/07/morley-s-brixton |url-status=live }}</ref> In this time, large expensive houses were constructed along the main roads in Brixton, which were converted into flats and [[boarding house]]s at the start of the 20th century as the middle classes were replaced by an influx of the working classes.

===Before World War II===
[[File:SunlightLaundryLambeth.JPG|thumb|left|The Sunlight Laundry, Brixton]]

By 1925, Brixton attracted thousands of new people. It housed the largest shopping centre in [[south London]] at the time, as well as a thriving market, cinemas, pubs and a theatre. In the 1920s, Brixton was the shopping capital of south London with three large department stores and some of the earliest branches of what are now Britain's major national retailers. Today, Brixton Road is the main shopping area, fusing into [[Brixton Market]].

On the western boundary of Brixton with Clapham stands the Sunlight Laundry, an [[Art Deco]] factory building. Designed by architect F.E. Simpkins and erected in 1937, this is one of the few Art Deco buildings that is still owned by the firm that commissioned it and is still used for its original purpose.

The Brixton area was [[The Blitz|bombed during World War II]], contributing to a severe housing crisis, which in turn led to [[urban decay]]. This was followed by [[Slum clearance in the United Kingdom|slum clearance]]s and the building of [[council housing]].{{Citation needed|date=October 2022}}

===1948: The Windrush generation===
{{See also|Windrush generation}}
[[File:windrush.jpg|thumb|left|The ''[[Empire Windrush]]'' which brought immigrants from the Caribbean to [[Tilbury]] in 1948.]]
[[File:Windrush square.jpg|thumb|Windrush Square street sign<ref>[http://www.icons.org.uk/theicons/icons-atlas/london/windrush-square Windrush Square] {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100605012120/http://www.icons.org.uk/theicons/icons-atlas/london/windrush-square |date=5 June 2010 }} Icons: A portrait of England. Retrieved 6 October 2006.</ref>]]

In the 1940s and 1950s, many immigrants, particularly from the [[West Indies]] and Ireland, settled in Brixton.<ref name=autogenerated5>{{cite web |url=http://www.lambeth.gov.uk/Services/LeisureCulture/LocalHistory/Local/AShortHistoryOfBrixton.htm |title=London Borough of Lambeth &#124; A short history of Brixton |website=Lambeth.gov.uk |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131230051452/http://www.lambeth.gov.uk/Services/LeisureCulture/LocalHistory/Local/AShortHistoryOfBrixton.htm |archive-date=30 December 2013}}</ref>

The first wave of immigrants (492 individuals) who formed the [[British African-Caribbean community]] arrived in 1948 at [[Tilbury Docks]] on the [[HMT Empire Windrush|HMT ''Empire Windrush'']] from [[Jamaica]] and were temporarily housed in the Clapham South deep shelter. The nearest Labour Exchange ([[Jobcentre Plus|Jobcentre]]) was on Coldharbour Lane, Brixton, and the new arrivals spread out into local accommodation.<ref name="BBC"/><ref name="smallislandread2007">{{cite web |url=http://www.smallislandread.com/windrush_generation.htm |title=Small Island Read 2007: The Windrush Generation |website=Smallislandread.com |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120217062006/http://www.smallislandread.com/windrush_generation.htm |archive-date=17 February 2012}}</ref><ref name="Empire Windrush History">{{cite web |url=http://www.oceanlinermuseum.co.uk/Empire%20Windrush%20History.html |title=Empire Windrush History |website=Oceanlinermuseum.co.uk |date=24 May 1948 |access-date=6 November 2009 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160303234612/http://www.oceanlinermuseum.co.uk/Empire%20Windrush%20History.html |archive-date=3 March 2016 |url-status=dead}}</ref>

Many immigrants only intended to stay in Britain for a few years, but although a number returned to the Caribbean, the majority remained to settle permanently.<ref name="BBC">[https://www.bbc.co.uk/history/british/modern/windrush_01.shtml British history: The making of modern Britain] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191213125310/http://www.bbc.co.uk/history/british/modern/windrush_01.shtml |date=13 December 2019 }}, BBC Online: Mike Phillips, 1998. Retrieved 4 October 2006.</ref> The arrival of the passengers has become an important landmark in the history of modern Britain, and the image of [[West Indian]]s filing off its gangplank has come to symbolise the beginning of modern British multicultural society.<ref name="BBC"/> In 1998 the area in front of [[Brixton Library]] was renamed "[[Windrush Square]]" to mark the 50th anniversary of the arrival of the ''Windrush''.<ref name=autogenerated5 />

{{anchor|Brixton riots}}

===1980s: Riots after police actions and Scarman Report===
{{main|1981 Brixton riot|1985 Brixton riot|Scarman report}}

Brixton was the scene of riots in [[1981 Brixton riot|April 1981]] at a time when Brixton underwent deep social and economic problems—high unemployment, high crime, poor housing, no [[Amenity|amenities]]—in a predominantly [[British African-Caribbean community|African-Caribbean community]].<ref>Kettle, Martin & Hodges, Lucy (1982) Uprising!: Police, the People and the Riots in Britain's Cities</ref> The [[Metropolitan Police]] began ''Operation Swamp 81'' at the beginning of April, aimed at reducing [[street crime]], largely through the repeated use of the so-called [[sus law]], which allowed police officers to stop and search any individual on the grounds of mere "suspicion" of possible wrongdoing. Plain clothes police officers were dispatched into Brixton, and within five days almost 1,000 people were stopped and searched under this law.<ref>Battle for Brixton, [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=cCjZEZt3QKc Youtube.com] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151016145758/https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=cCjZEZt3QKc |date=16 October 2015 }}, [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=fW6kY6HfAqk&NR=1 Youtube.com] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150712053410/https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=fW6kY6HfAqk&NR=1 |date=12 July 2015 }}</ref> There was intense local indignation at this, since the vast majority of those stopped by the police were young black men. The riot resulted in almost 279 injuries to police and 45 injuries to members of the public,<ref name=autogenerated1>{{cite web |date=22 April 2008 |url=http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=fqDLg6GEfGg |archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/varchive/youtube/20211109/fqDLg6GEfGg |archive-date=9 November 2021 |url-status=live |title=Battle 4 Brixton pt6 of 6 |publisher=YouTube |access-date=29 May 2009}}{{cbignore}}</ref> more than a hundred vehicles were burned (including 56 police vehicles), and almost 150 buildings were damaged, with 30 burned. There were 82 arrests. Reports suggested that up to 5,000 people were involved in the riot.<ref>[https://www.theguardian.com/theguardian/1981/apr/13/fromthearchive "How smouldering tension erupted to set Brixton aflame"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170206033114/https://www.theguardian.com/theguardian/1981/apr/13/fromthearchive |date=6 February 2017 }}, ''The Guardian'', 13 April 1981</ref>

Following the [[1981 Brixton riot]] the Government commissioned a public inquiry into the riot headed by [[Leslie Scarman|Lord Scarman]]. The subsequent [[Scarman report]] was published in November 1981 and found unquestionable evidence of the disproportionate and indiscriminate use of 'stop and search' powers by the police against black people. The report made a number of recommendations and led to a new code for police behaviour in the ''[[Police and Criminal Evidence Act 1984]]'' and the creation of an independent [[Police Complaints Authority (United Kingdom)|Police Complaints Authority]] in 1985.<ref name=untold>[http://www.channel4.com/history/microsites/U/untold/programs/riot/timeline.html "1981 riots timeline"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080105054255/http://www.channel4.com/history/microsites/U/untold/programs/riot/timeline.html |date=5 January 2008 }}. ''Untold History'' Channel Four Television. Retrieved 6 March 2009</ref> The 1999 Macpherson Report, an investigation into the murder of [[Stephen Lawrence]], found that recommendations of the 1981 [[Scarman report]] had been ignored and concluded that the police force was "[[Institutional racism|institutionally racist]]".<ref>{{cite news |date=5 May 2004 |title=Q&A: Stephen Lawrence murder |work=BBC News |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/uk/3685733.stm |access-date=4 January 2008 |archive-date=9 February 2008 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080209011159/http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/uk/3685733.stm |url-status=live }}</ref>

===1990s: Nail bombing===
[[File:Electric Avenue Market 01.JPG|thumb|left|Electric Avenue, inspiration of the [[Electric Avenue (song)|Eddy Grant single]], part of [[Brixton Market]], and site of the 1999 bombing]]

[[John Major]]'s childhood roots in the area were used in a campaign poster leading up to the [[1992 United Kingdom general election|1992 election]]: "What does the Conservative Party offer a working class kid from Brixton? They made him Prime Minister."<ref>{{cite journal |last=Bennett |first=Gillian |year=1996 |title='Camera, Lights Action!': The British General Election 1992 as Narrative Event |journal=Folklore |volume=107 |issue=1–2 |pages=94–97 |jstor=1260921 |doi=10.1080/0015587X.1996.9715921}}</ref>

The [[Brixton riot (1995)|1995 riots]] were sparked by the death of a black man, Wayne Douglas, in police custody and occurred in an atmosphere of discontent about the [[gentrification]] of Brixton.

In April 1999, [[Brixton Market]] was the site of the first of three attacks known as the [[1999 London nail bombings|London nail bombings]]. The other two, which followed within a fortnight, were in [[Brick Lane]], the heart of East London's [[British Bangladeshi|Bangladeshi]] community, and the [[Admiral Duncan pub]] in [[Soho]], frequented predominantly by the gay community. In the Brixton attack, 48 people were injured.<ref>Thompson, Tony; Honigsbaum, Mark; and Ridley, Yvonne. [https://www.theguardian.com/uk/1999/apr/18/markhonigsbaum.tonythompson?INTCMP=SRCH "Nail bomb injures 48 in Brixton blast"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200414144310/https://www.theguardian.com/uk/1999/apr/18/markhonigsbaum.tonythompson?INTCMP=SRCH |date=14 April 2020 }}, ''The Guardian'', 18 April 1999.
*Carroll, Rory and Woodward, Will. [https://www.theguardian.com/uk/1999/apr/19/rorycarroll.willwoodward?INTCMP=SRCH "Bomb survivors tell of bloody chaos"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200901071130/https://www.theguardian.com/uk/1999/apr/19/rorycarroll.willwoodward?INTCMP=SRCH |date=1 September 2020 }}, ''The Guardian'', 19 April 1999.</ref> The bomber was caught after the third attack; the BBC reported that he intended to ignite a race war across Britain with his bombing campaign.<ref>{{cite news |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/uk_news/781755.stm |work=BBC News |title=Profile: Copeland the killer |date=30 June 2000 |access-date=27 April 2010 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090720024649/http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/uk_news/781755.stm |archive-date=20 July 2009}}</ref> He was convicted of murder and given six concurrent [[Life imprisonment|life sentences]].<ref name=Buncombe>Buncombe, Andrew; Judd, Terri; and Bennett, Jason. [https://web.archive.org/web/20091201133942/http://www.independent.co.uk/news/uk/this-britain/hatefilled-nailbomber-is-jailed-for-life-706785.html "'Hate-filled' nailbomber is jailed for life"], ''The Independent'', 30 June 2000.</ref>

===2000s: Regeneration vs Gentrification===
[[File:Brixton Market 2.JPG|thumb|Brixton Market]]
There has been, and there remains great debate regarding whether Brixton's recent renaissance should be deemed regeneration or [[gentrification]].<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/cifamerica/2010/oct/24/london-race |location=London |work=The Guardian |first=Philip |last=Dayle |title=Brixton: regeneration or gentrification? |date=24 October 2010 |access-date=11 December 2016 |archive-date=21 April 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170421091052/https://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/cifamerica/2010/oct/24/london-race |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.theguardian.com/cities/datablog/2016/jan/14/how-has-brixton-really-changed-the-data-behind-the-story |title=How has Brixton really changed? The data behind the story |author=Sarah Marsh |date=14 January 2016 |work=The Guardian |access-date=2 February 2020 |archive-date=17 January 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200117055226/https://www.theguardian.com/cities/datablog/2016/jan/14/how-has-brixton-really-changed-the-data-behind-the-story |url-status=live }}</ref> Some believe the area has slowly undergone a process of gentrification since the 1990s and has resulted in many wealthy middle-class people taking advantage of the area's location and the thriving [[Bohemianism|bohemian]] art scene. However, others argue that the area is undergoing exciting regeneration.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://thehappinessprojectlondon.wordpress.com/2009/11/21/the-brixton-rennaissance |title=The Brixton {{Sic |nolink=y|ren|naissance}} |publisher=The Happiness Project London |date=21 November 2009 |access-date=28 April 2012 |archive-date=5 November 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111105162010/http://thehappinessprojectlondon.wordpress.com/2009/11/21/the-brixton-rennaissance/ |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://spacemakers.org.uk/brixton/shops/ |title=Shops and more at Brixton Village – Space Makers Agency |website=Spacemakers.org.uk |access-date=28 April 2012 |archive-date=29 May 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120529122052/http://spacemakers.org.uk/brixton/shops/ |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.easyvoyage.co.uk/travel-deal/bohemian-style-arty-hubs-to-see-and-be-seen/london-s-brixton-market-revamp |title=London's Brixton Market revamp: Bohemian style: arty hubs to see and be seen |website=Easyvoyage.co.uk |access-date=28 April 2012 |archive-date=6 April 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120406063544/http://www.easyvoyage.co.uk/travel-deal/bohemian-style-arty-hubs-to-see-and-be-seen/london-s-brixton-market-revamp |url-status=live }}</ref> In recent years, Brixton has hosted a regular farmers' market on Station Road, as well as [[Pop-up restaurant]]s and pop-up shops. New art galleries, delicatessens, bars, cafes and vintage clothing stores, particularly in and around Brixton Village Market have also opened, which some believe is gentrifying the area in a similar way to that in nearby [[Clapham]].<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.brixtonblog.com/comment-gentrification-of-brixton-leaves-me-conflicted/4405 |title=COMMENT: Gentrification of Brixton leaves me conflicted |publisher=Brixton Blog |date=26 April 2012 |access-date=28 April 2012 |archive-date=26 April 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120426073536/http://www.brixtonblog.com/comment-gentrification-of-brixton-leaves-me-conflicted/4405 |url-status=live }}</ref>

[[File:London - Pop Brixton.jpg|thumb|left|Pop Brixton]]
Pop Brixton exemplifies the ongoing discussion about regeneration. Originally created as a [[community project]], opinion is divided over whether Pop fulfils its intentions of being part of the local community, with some arguing that Pop is seen as just another tourist and retail attraction, and that the council did not meaningfully engage with Brixton residents. Others have welcomed its arrival for its entrepreneurial approach and benefiting [[start-ups]], and that it brings people into the area which has benefited trade and its popularity.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://brixtonblog.com/2016/06/pop-brixtons-first-year/38221/ |title=Pop Brixton's first year |work=Brixton Blog |date=14 June 2016 |access-date=2 February 2020 |archive-date=2 February 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200202152243/https://brixtonblog.com/2016/06/pop-brixtons-first-year/38221/ |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.newstatesman.com/politics/uk/2017/02/view-brixton-how-bridge-gentrification-s-stark-divides |title=A view from Brixton: how to bridge gentrification's stark divides |date=1 February 2017 |work=New Statesman |access-date=2 February 2020 |archive-date=2 February 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200202152226/https://www.newstatesman.com/politics/uk/2017/02/view-brixton-how-bridge-gentrification-s-stark-divides |url-status=live |last1=Thapar |first1=Ciaran }}</ref>

In April 2015, a Reclaim Brixton protest was held by local residents and activists opposing gentrification.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.dazeddigital.com/artsandculture/article/24553/1/reclaim-brixton-one-neighbourhood-unites-against-developers |title=Reclaim Brixton: one neighbourhood unites against developers |date=27 April 2015 |author=Daisy Bata |work=Dazed |access-date=4 November 2020 |archive-date=18 June 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210618054706/https://www.dazeddigital.com/artsandculture/article/24553/1/reclaim-brixton-one-neighbourhood-unites-against-developers |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.standard.co.uk/news/london/thousands-set-to-attend-reclaim-brixton-rally-as-campaigners-protest-against-gentrification-10158208.html |title=Thousands set to attend Reclaim Brixton rally as campaigners protest against gentrification |date=9 April 2015 |work=Evening Standard |author=Alexandra Rucki |access-date=4 November 2020 |archive-date=8 November 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201108104542/http://www.standard.co.uk/news/london/thousands-set-to-attend-reclaim-brixton-rally-as-campaigners-protest-against-gentrification-10158208.html |url-status=live }}</ref>

In March 2016, a campaign to save the businesses that occupy the railway arches commenced, with long-running local businesses being forced out due to rent-rises. The council passed the plans for [[Network Rail]] to refurbish them in August.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.egi.co.uk/news/redeveloping-brixton-arches-at-what-price/ |title=Redeveloping Brixton Arches: but at what price? |author=Janie Manzoori-Stamford |date=12 August 2016 |work=Radius Real Estate |access-date=4 November 2020 |archive-date=10 November 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201110034333/https://www.egi.co.uk/news/redeveloping-brixton-arches-at-what-price/ |url-status=live }}</ref>

In May 2019, plans for a 20-storey tower block providing office space were unveiled by [[Taylor McWilliams]], a Texan property developer whose company Hondo Enterprises had bought [[Brixton Market]] in 2018. This plan drew a large opposition from the local community and campaign groups, already concerned with the threat of eviction of a popular local supermarket.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2020/nov/02/regeneration-fight-local-people-global-finance-london-brixton |title='Regeneration' is too often an unfair fight between local people and global finance |author=Anna Minton |work=The Guardian |date=2 November 2020 |access-date=4 November 2020 |archive-date=4 November 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201104074814/https://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2020/nov/02/regeneration-fight-local-people-global-finance-london-brixton |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2020/07/06/world/europe/brixton-london-eviction-grocer-nour.html |title='He's Buying Up Brixton': Beloved Grocer's Eviction Sparks Gentrification Fight |work=[[The New York Times]] |author=Adam Satariano |date=6 July 2020 |access-date=4 November 2020 |archive-date=10 November 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201110154119/https://www.nytimes.com/2020/07/06/world/europe/brixton-london-eviction-grocer-nour.html |url-status=live }}</ref> Despite a petition and overwhelming opposition, council planners approved the development on 3 November 2020.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.vice.com/en/article/texan-dj-developer-wins-campaign-to-build-massive-tower-block-in-south-london/ |title=Texan DJ Developer Wins Campaign To Build Massive Tower Block in South London |author=Ruby Lott-Lavigna |date=4 November 2020 |work=Vice |access-date=4 November 2020 |archive-date=4 November 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201104140821/https://www.vice.com/en/article/4addm9/texan-dj-developer-wins-campaign-to-build-massive-tower-block-in-south-london |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=https://londonnewsonline.co.uk/lambeth-council-approves-20-storey-hondo-tower-in-the-middle-of-brixton-after-petition-raises-thousands-of-objections/ |title=Lambeth council approves 20-storey 'Hondo Tower' in the middle of Brixton after petition raises thousands of objections |author=Grainne Cuffe |work=South London Press |date=4 November 2020 |access-date=4 November 2020 |archive-date=4 November 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201104153142/https://londonnewsonline.co.uk/lambeth-council-approves-20-storey-hondo-tower-in-the-middle-of-brixton-after-petition-raises-thousands-of-objections/ |url-status=live }}</ref> However, following a long campaign by protestors, the developer withdrew the planning application in July 2023.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-07-18 |title=‘The battle for the tower is won’: Inside the three-year fight to block Hondo Tower in Brixton |url=https://londonnewsonline.co.uk/news/the-battle-for-the-tower-is-won-inside-the-three-year-fight-to-block-hondo-tower-in-brixton/ |access-date=2025-04-17 |website=South London News |language=en-GB}}</ref>

2023 saw the council begin the public consultation for the regeneration of 6 Canterbury Crescent (International House) and 49 Brixton Station Road (Pop Brixton).<ref>{{Cite web |last=Urban |first=Mike |date=2023-01-15 |title=Lambeth Council invites public to help shape the redevelopment of Pop Brixton and International House |url=https://www.brixtonbuzz.com/2023/01/lambeth-council-invites-public-to-help-shape-the-redevelopment-of-pop-brixton-and-international-house/ |access-date=2023-09-17 |language=en-GB}}</ref>