Editing Bear Lake, Michigan (section)

==History==
In 1836, individuals from various tribes of native people signed the [[Treaty of Washington (1836)|Treaty of Washington]], which ceded the northwest portion of the [[Lower Peninsula of Michigan]] to the United States. At the time, native people lived in the Bear Lake area, evidence remaining in various burial mounds of the region, including one at [[Pierport, Michigan|Pierport]].

The next year, in 1837, Michigan became a state.

In 1841, John Stronach and party came to the Manistee area and started a lumber mill. During the following twenty years, the city of Manistee grew as virgin forests were cut, and the logs put into the Manistee rivers to float to the mills on Manistee Lake.<ref name="History">{{Cite web|url=http://www.bearlakemichigan.org/history.html|title=History|website=Village of Bear Lake|access-date=January 12, 2018}}</ref>

=== Homesteading ===
On May 20, 1862, President Lincoln signed into law the [[Homestead Act]], which offered {{convert|160|acre|km2}} of undeveloped federal land to anyone who filed an application, create a farm, and apply for a deed. Almost immediately, people began exploring the area between Manistee and [[Traverse City, Michigan|Traverse City]], looking for prime farmland.

In 1863, Russell Smith, D.E. Sibley, Elisha Richmond, George W. Hopkins, Simeon Anderson, and others came to Bear Lake on such scouting expeditions. At the time, the region was entirely heavily forested with white pine and hardwoods, and with only a single walking trail. Smith and Sibley both moved their families to the area that year, and began their homesteads. Sibley's homestead was on the north side of Bear Lake; Smith's was on the south side, and included the present village.

By 1864, Simeon Anderson and about 25 other families had started homesteads in the Bear Lake area. In that year Elisha Richmond made his first failed attempt to move his large family to the area from [[Illinois]].

In 1865, the township of Bear Lake, also including the area of [[Pleasanton, Michigan|Pleasanton]], was created, formerly being part of [[Brown Township, Michigan|Brown Township]]. A township council was formed.

By 1867, many more families had established homesteads, and two-thirds of the prime farming land had been claimed. A post office was established, and the Elisha Richmond family completed the eleven-week journey to Bear Lake. In this year, George W. Hopkins, wife Ella Hopkins, brother David H. Hopkins, and sister Martha (Mattie) Hopkins arrived in Manistee to begin a brick manufacturing plant.

About this time, Russell Smith made an offer of some of his land to anyone who would set up a saw mill to turn the trees into lumber and a gristmill to create flour from grain. The offer was taken by Mr. Carpenter and Mr. Harrington, and rudimentary mills for each were constructed. Carpenter and Harrington then subdivided the land and offered it for sale. Stores were established by Anderson, Tillson, Erb, Lewis and A.H. Cook.

By 1870, the Hopkins family had switched from brick manufacturing to lumber, primarily putting logs in the Manistee rivers, and floating them to the mills for sale.

Homesteaders in Bear Lake were cutting the trees, and burning all the trees that they couldn't use, in order to clear the land. There was no one interested in buying the trees, and no way to get cut logs or lumber to market. Prior to the sawmill, boards were brought by boat from Manistee to Portage Lake and then carried, or carted, to Bear Lake.

In 1873, the Hopkins family company purchased {{convert|88|acre|m2}} of the Smith property. The Bear Lake Tram Railway was built from the south side of Bear Lake down to [[Lake Michigan]] at Pierport. The railway was made of maple wood rails with steel strapping, and horse-drawn trailers were built and put on the rails. This railway enabled the transport of lumber cut in the Bear Lake sawmill to be moved to Lake Michigan, and then sold to the various markets in [[Chicago]] and [[Milwaukee]].

In 1874, the Hopkins built a large sawmill, a brickyard, a [[gristmill]], and a store.<ref name="History"/>

=== Lumber boom years ===
On September 25, 1874, the original subdivision or plat map of the village was filed by the Hopkins family members including [[George W. Hopkins]], Ella Hopkins, David H. Hopkins, Maurice M. Hopkins, and Mattie E. "Martha" Hopkins. This plat was amended in 1877, including a slight change to the position of Stuart Street.

The village was platted with 299 lots, and included almost all of the land bordered by the lake on the north, Smith Street on the east, Potter Road on the south, and West Street (which originally ran due north from the current Potter Road – US-31 intersection) on the west. The southwest corner of this rectangle was added to the village as the Hopkins Addition in 1881 with 95 more lots. Most of the Hopkins Addition lots are now occupied by the school, and to the south of the school, owned by the village.

In 1879, prior to the Hopkins Addition, the Smith Addition, which was then owned by Harriet L. Smith, Elisha J. Richmond, and Clara Richmond, added 25 lots to the northeast of the Smith Street – Main Street intersection.

(Six additional plats, the most recent in 1949, expanded the village to its current size, adding all the land between Smith Street and Russell Street. Numerous other plats around the lake created lots for lakeside homes and cottages.)

The 1880 census shows 1,258 people living in Bear Lake and Pleasanton townships, growing by 1890 to 1,880 people.

In 1877, Tyler W. Richmond established the Richmond Drug Company, which, after his death, was run by his wife, children, and grandson until Carl Richmond's death in 1967. The store was in operation until 2020.

In fall 1893, the Village of Bear Lake was incorporated by action of the Board of Supervisors of Manistee County.

The 1900 census shows 2,087 people in the two townships, with 448 of them living in the village.

By June 9, 1902, all of the trees in the area had been cut. George W. Hopkins purchased over a hundred thousand acres in [[Florida]] (near [[Cape Canaveral]]) and he moved his business there, along with parts of the railway.<ref>Merrill, Uledene. "Railroad that Disappeared". Clarke Historical Library, Central Michigan University Term Paper, 1957. (Manistee)</ref><ref name="History"/>

===Post lumber===
Industry shifted to predominantly agriculture, and later, summer tourism.