Editing Battle of Ocaña (section)

==Background==
The [[Peninsular War#Spanish campaign, late 1809|Spanish campaign in late 1809]] started with the [[Battle of Talavera]].

===Maneuvers===
The Spanish campaign in the autumn of 1809 called for their armies to lunge at Madrid from both north and south. They called for assistance from [[Arthur Wellesley, 1st Duke of Wellington|Arthur Wellesley, Viscount Wellington]], but after experiencing a lack of cooperation from the Spanish during the [[Battle of Talavera|Talavera campaign]] the British general refused. The French were nearly surprised by the southern thrust. By 9 November, the southern army was within 35 miles of Madrid with only 7,000 French troops blocking them. Then Aréizaga lost his nerve and halted for three days. He then pressed on toward Madrid but ran into two French divisions and pulled back. Several days of fruitless countermarching found the thoroughly alerted French concentrated and moving to intercept the Spanish army.{{sfn|Glover|2001|p=115}}

===Spanish Army===
Aréizaga commanded 51,000-52,000 men{{sfn|Chandler|1979|p=319}}{{sfn|Napier|1873|p=249}} in eight infantry and four cavalry divisions, with 60 cannon manned by 1,500 artillerists. Other authorities give the Spanish 60,000{{sfn|Glover|2001|p=115}} or 56,500 men{{sfn|Smith|1993|p=335}}
;Spanish infantry{{sfn|Smith|1993|p=335}}{{sfn|Zimmermann|1979|p=25}}
* 1st Division: [[Luis Roberto de Lacy|Lacy]] (7,700)
** 9 battalions of Burgos, Alcala, 1/Espana, 1/Loxa, 1/Seville, Provincial of Cordova, Prov. of Chinchilla.
* 2nd Division: [[Gaspar de Vigodet|Vigodet]] (7,100)
** 9 bns. of Corona, Military Orders, Ronda, Alcazar, Ciudad Real, 1/Guadix.
* 3rd Division: [[Pedro Agustín Girón|Girón]] (5,200)
** 8 bns. of 1/Guards, 2/Guards, 2/Cordova, Gailen, Prov. of Jaen, Prov. of Toledo.
* 4th Division: [[Francisco González de Castejón|Castejon]] (6,400)
** 8 bns. of 1/Malaga, 5/Seville, 2/Loxa, Bujalance, Xeres, 3/Cordova, Velez Malaga Cazadores.
* 5th Division: [[Tomás Zeraín|Zeraín]] (5,900)
** 7 bns. of Barbastro Cazadores, 2/Espana, 2/Seville, 2/Madrid, Provincial of Granada, 3/Walloon Guards.
* 6th Division: N. Jacome (7,600)
** 9 bns. of Badajoz, Jaen, Alpujarras, 4/Seville, Prov. of Malaga, Prov. of Ecija, Estremadura Tiradores.
* 7th Division: [[Francisco Copons y Navia|Francisco Copons]] (5,100)
** 6 bns. of Murcia, Real Marina, Africa, Reyna Regts.
* Vanguard: [[José Pascual de Zayas y Chacón|Zayas]] (6,000)
** 7 bns. Cantabria, Valencia Volunteers, 2/Majorca, Prov. of Plasencia, Prov. Grenadiers, Espana Vols.

; Spanish cavalry: [[Manuel Alberto Freire de Andrade y Armijo|Freire de Andrade]] (5,800)
* 1st Division: J. Bernuy
** [[Cavalry Regiment El Rey|Rey]], Infante, Almanza, Estremadura Carabineers and Lancers, Madrid Vols.
* 2nd Division: J. Rivas
** Pavia, 1st and 2nd Estremadura Hussars, Toledo Cazadores.
* 3rd Division: Miguel March
** Montesa, Reyna, Santiago, Principe, Cordova, Alcantara.
* 4th Division: [[Vicente Osorio Melgosa|Osorio]]
** Farnesio, Lusitania, Espana, Granada Cazadores, Fernanda VII Grenadiers.

===French Army===

[[Joseph Bonaparte|King Joseph]] led the French army in name only. Actual command over the 24,000 infantry, 5,000 cavalry, 1,500 artillerists and 50 cannon{{sfn|Napier|1873|p=249}} was exercised by Marshal [[Nicolas Jean de Dieu Soult|Soult]]. Two army corps, three cavalry divisions and the Central Reserve formed core of the army.
;IV Corps [[Horace François Bastien Sébastiani de La Porta|Sébastiani]]
* Division: [[Jean François Leval|Leval]]
** 2 battalions each of [[Dutch Brigade (Peninsular War)|Dutch brigade]], 2nd Nassau, Baden, Hesse-Darmstadt ''Erbprinz'' Regts., 1 bn. Frankfurt.
* Division: [[François Werlé|Werlé]]
** 2 bns. each of 4th, 7th and 9th Poles.
* Five artillery batteries.
* Cavalry:
** 3rd Dutch Hussar, Polish ''Vistula'' Lancer Regts.

;V Corps Marshal [[Édouard Adolphe Casimir Joseph Mortier|Mortier]]
* Division: [[Jean-Baptiste Girard (soldier)|Girard]]
** 3 bns. each of 17th Light, 40th, 64th, 88th Line. 4 bns. 34th Line.
* Division: [[Honoré Théodore Maxime Gazan de la Peyrière|Gazan]]
** 3 bns. each of 21st and 28th Light, 100th and 103rd Line.
* Five artillery batteries.

;Cavalry and Central Reserve
* Division: [[Édouard Jean Baptiste Milhaud|Milhaud]] (1,800)
** 5th, 12th, 16th, 20th, 21st Dragoon Regiments.
* Division: Antoine Paris d'Illins {{KIA}} (1,000)
** 10th and 26th Chasseur, Westphalian Light Horse Regts.
* Division: [[Charles Victor Woirgard]] (Beauregard) (1,500)
** 10th Hussar, 21st Chasseur, 13th and 22nd Dragoon Regts.
* Royal Guard cavalry: (700)
** King's Spanish Chasseur, 27th Chasseur Regts.
* Central Reserve: [[Jean-Joseph, Marquis Dessolles]] (7,000)
** Royal Guard Brigade: 4 Guard battalions, 51st and 55th Line.
** Brigade: [[Louis Emmanuel Rey]]: 12th Light, 43rd Line.{{sfn|Smith|1993|p=335}}