Editing Badminton (section)

==History==

[[File:Battledore - Youthful Sports.png|thumb|right|upright|An 1804 depiction of [[battledore and shuttlecock]]]]

[[File:Battledore-and-shuttlecock.jpg|right|thumb|upright|An 1854 depiction of [[battledore and shuttlecock]] by [[John Leech (caricaturist)|John Leech]]]]

Games employing [[shuttlecock]]s have been played for centuries across [[Eurasia]],{{efn|Other related sports include [[Hanetsuki]], which originated in [[Japan]].}} but the modern game of badminton developed in the mid-19th century among the expatriate officers of [[British India]] as a variant of the earlier game of [[battledore and shuttlecock]]. ("Battledore" was an older term for "racquet".){{sfnp|''EB''|1878}} Its exact origin remains obscure. The name derives from the [[Duke of Beaufort]]'s [[Badminton House]] in [[Gloucestershire]],{{sfnp|''EB''|1911}} but why or when remains unclear.{{Citation needed |date=May 2024}} As early as 1860, a London toy dealer named [[Isaac Spratt]] published a booklet entitled ''Badminton Battledore – A New Game'', but no copy is known to have survived.{{sfnp|Adams|1980}} An 1863 article in ''The Cornhill Magazine'' describes badminton as "battledore and shuttlecock played with sides, across a string suspended some five feet from the ground".<ref name=oed>{{Cite OED|badminton}}</ref>

The game originally developed in [[India]] among the British expatriates,{{sfnp|Guillain|2004|p=47}} where it was very popular by the 1870s.{{sfnp|Adams|1980}} [[Ball badminton]], a form of the game played with a wool ball instead of a shuttlecock, was being played in [[Thanjavur Maratha kingdom|Thanjavur]] as early as the 1850s<ref>{{citation |contribution=About Game<!--sic--> |contribution-url=http://ballbadmintonfederationofindia.com/about_game.html |title=Ball Badminton Federation of India |date=2008 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110707210120/http://ballbadmintonfederationofindia.com/about_game.html |access-date=7 July 2011 |archive-date=7 July 2011 }}</ref> and was at first played interchangeably with badminton by the British, the woollen ball being preferred in windy or wet weather.

Early on, the game was also known as '''Poona''' or '''Poonah''' after the garrison town of [[Poona]] (Pune),{{sfnp|Guillain|2004|p=47}}{{sfnp|Connors, et al.|1991|p=195}} where it was particularly popular and where the first rules for the game were drawn up in 1873.{{sfnp|Adams|1980}}<ref name=oed/>{{efn|''Against this'', Downey claims that the first rules were drawn up at [[Karachi]] in 1877.{{sfnp|Downey|1982|p=13}}}} By 1875, officers returning home had started a badminton club in [[Folkestone]]. Initially, the sport was played with sides ranging from 1 to 4 players, but it was quickly established that games between two or four competitors worked the best.{{sfnp|''EB''|1878}} The shuttlecocks were coated with [[India rubber]] and, in outdoor play, sometimes weighted with [[lead]].{{sfnp|''EB''|1878}} Although the depth of the net was of no consequence, it was preferred that it should reach the ground.{{sfnp|''EB''|1878}}

[[File:Gleyre ulysseetNausicaa.jpg|thumb|[[Charles Gleyre]], ''Odysseus and Nausicaa'' (with badminton rackets)]]
The sport was played under the Pune rules until 1887, when J. H. E. Hart of the [[Bath, England|Bath]] Badminton Club drew up revised regulations.{{sfnp|''EB''|1911}} In 1890, Hart and Bagnel Wild again revised the rules.{{sfnp|Adams|1980}} The [[Badminton England|Badminton Association]] of England (BAE) published these rules in 1893 and officially launched the sport at a house called "Dunbar"{{efn|6 Waverley Grove, [[Portsmouth]], [[England]].<ref name=hist/>}} in [[Portsmouth]] on 13 September.<ref name=hist>{{citation |contribution=The History of Badminton: Foundation of the BAE and Codification of the Rules |contribution-url=http://www.worldbadminton.com/newsite/History/index.html |title=World Badminton |url=http://www.worldbadminton.com }}</ref> The BAE started the first badminton competition, the [[All England Open Badminton Championships]] for gentlemen's doubles, ladies' doubles, and mixed doubles, in 1899.{{sfnp|''EB''|1911}} Singles competitions were added in 1900 and an [[England]]–[[Kingdom of Ireland|Ireland]] championship match appeared in 1904.{{sfnp|''EB''|1911}}

England, [[Scotland]], [[Wales]], [[Canada]], [[Denmark]], [[France]], [[Republic of Ireland|Ireland]], the [[Netherlands]], and [[New Zealand]] were the founding members of the International Badminton Federation in 1934, now known as the [[Badminton World Federation]].<ref>{{Cite news |title=Badminton {{!}} History, Rules, Equipment, Facts, & Champions |url=https://www.britannica.com/sports/badminton#ref1007511 |access-date=2024-02-02 |work=Encyclopedia Britannica |language=en}}</ref> [[India]] joined as an affiliate in 1936. The BWF now governs international badminton. Although initiated in England, competitive men's badminton has traditionally been dominated in Europe by Denmark. Worldwide, Asian nations have become dominant in international competition. [[China]], [[Denmark]], [[Indonesia]], [[Malaysia]], [[India]], [[South Korea]], [[Taiwan]] (playing as '[[Chinese Taipei]]') and [[Japan]] are the nations which have consistently produced world-class players in the past few decades, with China being the greatest force in men's and women's competition recently. [[Great Britain]], where the rules of the modern game were codified, is not among the top powers in the sport, but has had significant Olympic and World success in doubles play, especially mixed doubles.

The game has also become a popular backyard sport in the [[United States]].