Editing Auguste and Louis Lumière (section)

==History==
The Lumière brothers were born in [[Besançon]], France, to Charles-Antoine Lumière (1840–1911)<ref name="vc">{{Cite web |title=Charles Antoine Lumière |url=http://www.victorian-cinema.net/antoinelumiere |access-date=17 September 2018 |website=Who's Who of Victorian Cinema |archive-date=27 November 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201127013108/https://www.victorian-cinema.net/antoinelumiere |url-status=live }}</ref> and Jeanne Joséphine Costille Lumière, who were married in 1861 and moved to Besançon, setting up a small photographic portrait studio. Here were born Auguste, Louis and their daughter Jeanne. They moved to [[Lyon]] in 1870, where their two other daughters were born: Mélina and Francine. Auguste and Louis both attended [[La Martiniere Lyon|La Martiniere]], the largest technical school in Lyon.<ref>{{cite book |author=Gina De Angelis |url=https://archive.org/details/motionpicturesma0000dean |title=Motion Pictures |publisher=The Oliver Press |year=2003 |isbn=978-1-881508-78-6}}</ref>

They patented several significant processes leading up to their film camera, most notably [[film perforations]] (originally implemented by [[Émile Reynaud]]) as a means of advancing the film through the camera and projector. The original {{Lang|fr|[[cinématographe]]}} had been patented by [[Léon Guillaume Bouly]] on 12 February 1892.<ref>[http://cinematographes.free.fr/bouly-219350.html "Brevet FR 219.350"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131214080012/http://cinematographes.free.fr/bouly-219350.html |date=14 December 2013 }}. Cinematographes. Retrieved 13 November 2013.</ref> The {{Lang|fr|cinématographe}} — a three-in-one device that could record, develop, and project [[film|motion picture]]s — was further developed by the Lumières.<ref>Chardère 1987, p. 70.</ref> The brothers patented their own version on 13 February 1895.<ref>[http://cinematographes.free.fr/lumiere-245032.html "Brevet FR 245.032"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201218000938/http://cinematographes.free.fr/lumiere-245032.html |date=18 December 2020 }}. Cinematographes. Retrieved 12 November 2013.</ref>

The date of the recording of their first film is in dispute. In an interview with [[Georges Sadoul]] given in 1948, Louis claimed that he shot the film in August 1894 – before the arrival of the [[kinetoscope]] in France. This is questioned by historians, who consider that a functional Lumière camera did not exist before the beginning of 1895.<ref>{{Cite book|last=Mannoni|first=Laurent|url=https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/44562210|title=The great art of light and shadow : archaeology of the cinema|date=2000|publisher=University of Exeter Press|others=Richard Crangle|isbn=0-85989-665-X|location=Exeter, Devon|oclc=44562210}}</ref>

The Lumière brothers saw film as a novelty and had withdrawn from the film business by 1905. They went on to develop the first practical photographic colour process, the [[Autochrome Lumière|Lumière Autochrome]].<ref>{{cite EB1911|wstitle=Photography|volume=21|page=518}}</ref>

Louis died on 6 June 1948, and Auguste on 10 April 1954. They are buried in a family tomb in the [[Guillotière Cemetery|New Guillotière Cemetery]] in Lyon.