Editing August 31 (section)

==Events==
===Pre-1600===
*[[1056]] &ndash; After a sudden illness a few days previously, [[Byzantine Empress]] [[Theodora Porphyrogenita (11th century)|Theodora]] dies childless, thus ending the [[Macedonian dynasty]].
*[[1057]] &ndash; Abdication of Byzantine Emperor [[Michael VI Bringas]] after just one year.
*[[1218]] &ndash; [[Al-Kamil]] becomes [[sultan]] of the [[Ayyubid dynasty]].
*[[1314]] &ndash; King [[Haakon V of Norway]] moves the capital from [[Bergen]] to [[Oslo]].
*[[1420]] &ndash; The [[1420 Caldera earthquake|8.8–9.4 Caldera earthquake]] shakes Chile's [[Atacama Region]] causing [[tsunami]] in Chile, [[Hawaii]], and Japan.<ref name="El Mercurio, 2019">{{cite news |last=Guzmán |first=L. |date=February 14, 2019|language=es|title=Encuentran registros de megaterremoto ocurrido hace seis siglos en el norte de Chile |url=http://www.economiaynegocios.cl/noticias/noticias.asp?id=546452 |work=[[El Mercurio]] |location=Santiago|access-date=June 8, 2019}}</ref><ref name="Abad, 2018">Manuel Abad, Tatiana Izquierdo, Miguel Cáceres, Enrique Bernárdez and Joaquín Rodríguez-Vidal. "Coastal boulder deposit as evidence of an ocean-wide prehistoric tsunami originated on the Atacama Desert coast (northern Chile)". ''Sedimentology''. Publication: December 13, 2018. {{doi|10.1111/sed.12570}}</ref>  
*[[1422]] &ndash; King [[Henry V of England]] dies of [[dysentery]] while in France. His son, [[Henry VI of England|Henry VI]], becomes King of England at the age of nine months.
*[[1535]] &ndash; Pope [[Paul III]] excommunicates English King [[Henry VIII]] from the church. He drew up a [[Excommunication (Catholic Church)|papal bull of excommunication]] which began ''Eius qui immobilis''.<ref>{{cite book|first=James|last=Gairdner|title= Henry VIII: Appendix. Letters and Papers, Foreign and Domestic, Henry VIII, Volume 6|publisher=Institute of Historical Research|year=2014}}</ref>

===1601–1900===
*[[1776]] &ndash; [[William Livingston]], the first [[Governor of New Jersey]], begins serving his first term.
*[[1795]] &ndash; [[War of the First Coalition]]: The British [[Capture of Trincomalee (1795)|capture Trincomalee]] (present-day [[Sri Lanka]]) from the Dutch in order to keep it out of French hands.
*[[1798]] &ndash; [[Irish Rebellion of 1798|Irish Rebellion]]: Irish rebels, with French assistance, establish the short-lived [[Republic of Connacht]].
*[[1813]] &ndash; [[Peninsular War]]: Spanish troops repel a French attack in the [[Battle of San Marcial]].
*[[1864]] &ndash; During the [[American Civil War]], [[Union Army|Union]] forces led by General [[William T. Sherman]] launch an [[Battle of Jonesborough|assault]] on [[Atlanta]].
*[[1876]] &ndash; [[Ottoman Sultan]] [[Murad V]] is deposed and succeeded by his brother, [[Abdul Hamid II]].
*[[1886]] &ndash; The 7.0 {{M|w}} [[1886 Charleston earthquake|Charleston earthquake]] affects southeastern South Carolina with a maximum [[Mercalli intensity scale|Mercalli intensity]] of X (''Extreme''). Sixty people killed with damage estimated at $5–6&nbsp;million.
*[[1888]] &ndash; [[Mary Ann Nichols]] is murdered. She is the first of [[Jack the Ripper]]'s confirmed victims.
*[[1895]] &ndash; German Count [[Ferdinand von Zeppelin]] patents his ''[[Zeppelin|navigable balloon]]''.

===1901–present===
*[[1907]] &ndash; Russia and the United Kingdom sign the [[Anglo-Russian Convention]], by which the UK recognizes Russian preeminence in northern Persia, while Russia recognizes British preeminence in southeastern Persia and Afghanistan. Both powers pledge not to interfere in Tibet.
*[[1918]] &ndash; [[World War I]]: Start of the [[Battle of Mont Saint-Quentin]], a successful assault by the [[Australian Corps]] during the [[Hundred Days Offensive]].
*[[1920]] &ndash; [[Polish–Soviet War]]: A decisive Polish victory in the [[Battle of Komarów]].
*[[1933]] &ndash; The Integral Nationalist Group wins the [[1933 Andorran parliamentary election]], the first election in [[Andorra]] held with [[universal male suffrage]].<ref>{{cite book|first1=Dieter|last1=Nohlen|first2=Philip|last2=Stöver|year=2010|title=Elections in Europe: A data handbook|page=151|publisher=Nomos |isbn=978-3-8329-5609-7}}</ref>
*[[1935]] &ndash; In an attempt to stay out of the growing tensions concerning Germany and Japan, the United States passes the first of its [[Neutrality Acts of 1930s|Neutrality Acts]].
*[[1936]] &ndash; [[Radio Prague]], now the official [[international broadcasting]] station of the Czech Republic, goes on the air.
*[[1939]] &ndash; [[Nazi Germany]] mounts a [[false flag]] [[Gleiwitz incident|attack on the Gleiwitz radio station]], creating an excuse to attack Poland the following day, thus starting [[European theatre of World War II|World War II in Europe]].
*[[1940]] &ndash; [[Lovettsville air disaster|Pennsylvania Central Airlines Trip 19]] crashes near [[Lovettsville, Virginia]]. The [[Civil Aeronautics Authority|CAB]] investigation of the accident is the first investigation to be conducted under the [[Bureau of Air Commerce]] act of 1938.
*[[1941]] &ndash; [[World War II]]: [[Chetniks|Serbian paramilitary forces]] defeat Germans in the [[Battle of Loznica (1941)|Battle of Loznica]].
*[[1943]] &ndash; {{USS|Harmon|DE-678|6}}, the first U.S. Navy ship to be named after a black person, is commissioned.
*[[1949]] &ndash; The retreat of the [[Democratic Army of Greece]] into [[Albania]] after its defeat on [[Gramos]] mountain marks the end of the [[Greek Civil War]].
*[[1950]] &ndash; [[TWA Flight 903]] crashes near [[Itay El Barud]], Egypt, killing all 55 aboard.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Ranter |first=Harro |title=ASN Aircraft accident Lockheed L-749A Constellation N6004C Wadi Natrun |url=https://aviation-safety.net/database/record.php?id=19500831-0 |access-date=2022-08-30 |website=aviation-safety.net}}</ref>
*[[1957]] &ndash; The [[Federation of Malaya]] (now [[Malaysia]]) gains its independence from the United Kingdom.
*[[1959]] &ndash; A [[parcel bomb]] sent by [[Ngô Đình Nhu]], younger brother and chief adviser of [[South Vietnam]]ese President [[Ngô Đình Diệm]], fails to kill King [[Norodom Sihanouk]] of [[Cambodia]].
*[[1962]] &ndash; [[Trinidad and Tobago]] becomes independent.
*[[1963]] &ndash; [[Crown Colony of North Borneo]] (now [[Sabah]]) achieves [[self governance]].
*[[1972]] &ndash; [[Aeroflot Flight 558]] crashes in the [[Abzelilovsky District]] in [[Bashkortostan]], Russia (then the Soviet Union), killing all 102 people aboard.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Ranter |first=Harro |title=ASN Aircraft accident Ilyushin Il-18V CCCP-74298 Magnitogorsk Airport (MQF) |url=https://aviation-safety.net/database/record.php?id=19720831-0 |access-date=2022-08-30 |website=aviation-safety.net}}</ref>
*[[1986]] &ndash; [[Aeroméxico Flight 498]] collides with a [[Piper PA-28 Cherokee]] over [[Cerritos, California]], killing 67 in the air and 15 on the ground.
*  1986   &ndash; The [[Soviet Union|Soviet]] passenger liner {{SS|Admiral Nakhimov||2}} sinks in the [[Black Sea]] after colliding with the bulk carrier ''Pyotr Vasev'', killing 423.
*[[1987]] &ndash; [[Thai Airways Flight 365]] crashes into the ocean near [[Phuket Province|Ko Phuket]], Thailand, killing all 83 aboard.
*[[1988]] &ndash; [[Delta Air Lines Flight 1141]] crashes during takeoff from [[Dallas/Fort Worth International Airport]], killing 14.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://aviation-safety.net/database/record.php?id=19880831-2|title=ASN Aircraft accident Boeing 727-232 N473DA Dallas/Fort Worth International Airport, TX (DFW)|last=Ranter|first=Harro|website=aviation-safety.net|access-date=2019-07-28}}</ref>
*  1988   &ndash; [[CAAC Flight 301]] overshoots the runway at [[Kai Tak Airport]] and crashes into [[Kowloon Bay]], killing seven people.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Ranter |first=Harro |title=ASN Aircraft accident Hawker Siddeley HS-121 Trident 2E B-2218 Hong Kong-Kai Tak International Airport (HKG) |url=https://www.aviation-safety.net/database/record.php?id=19880831-1 |access-date=2022-08-30 |website=www.aviation-safety.net}}</ref>
*[[1991]] &ndash; [[Kyrgyzstan]] declares its independence from the [[Soviet Union]].
*[[1993]] &ndash; Russia completes removing its troops from [[Lithuania]].
*[[1994]] &ndash; Russia completes removing its troops from [[Estonia]].
*[[1996]] &ndash; [[Saddam Hussein]]'s troops seized Irbil after the Kurdish [[Masoud Barzani]] appealed for help to defeat his Kurdish rival [[Patriotic Union of Kurdistan|PUK]].
*[[1997]] &ndash; [[Diana, Princess of Wales]], her partner, [[Dodi Fayed]], and driver [[Henri Paul]] [[Death of Diana, Princess of Wales|die in a car crash]] in Paris.<ref>{{cite web |title=1997: Princess Diana dies in Paris crash |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/onthisday/hi/dates/stories/august/31/newsid_2510000/2510615.stm |website=BBC News |access-date=8 October 2022 |date=31 August 1997}}</ref>
*[[1999]] &ndash; The first of a series of [[Russian apartment bombings|bombings]] in Moscow kills one person and wounds 40 others.
*  1999   &ndash; A [[Líneas Aéreas Privadas Argentinas|LAPA]] [[Boeing 737-200]] [[LAPA Flight 3142|crashes during takeoff]] from [[Aeroparque Jorge Newbery|Jorge Newbury Airport]] in [[Buenos Aires]], killing 65, including two on the ground.
*[[2002]] &ndash; [[Typhoon Rusa]], the most powerful typhoon to hit South Korea in 43 years, made landfall, killing at least 236 people.<ref name="ifrc99">{{cite report|author=International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies|publisher=United Nations Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs|date=2002-09-09|title=DPR Korea: Typhoon Rusa Information Bulletin No. 2/2002|access-date=2012-07-31|url=http://reliefweb.int/report/democratic-peoples-republic-korea/dpr-korea-typhoon-rusa-information-bulletin-no-22002}}</ref><ref name="guy">{{cite report |author=Guy Carpenter |date=2003-01-30 |title=Tropical Cyclone Review 2002 |publisher=Marsh & McLennan Companies |access-date=2012-07-25 |url=http://gcportal.guycarp.com/portal/extranet/popup/pdf/GCPub/tropcyc_02.pdf |page=21 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120206042923/http://gcportal.guycarp.com/portal/extranet/popup/pdf/GCPub/tropcyc_02.pdf |archive-date=2012-02-06 }}</ref>
*[[2005]] &ndash; The [[2005 Al-Aaimmah bridge stampede]] in [[Baghdad]] kills 953 people.
*[[2006]] &ndash; [[Edvard Munch]]'s famous painting, ''[[The Scream]]'', stolen on August 22, 2004, is recovered in a raid by Norwegian police.
*[[2016]] &ndash; Brazil's President [[Dilma Rousseff]] is [[Impeachment of Dilma Rousseff|impeached]] and removed from office.
*[[2019]] &ndash; A sightseeing helicopter [[2019 Alta helicopter crash|crashes]] in the mountains of [[Skoddevarre]] in [[Alta Municipality]] in [[Northern Norway]] killing all 6 occupants.<ref>{{cite news |last=Rostad |first=Ida Louise |date=4 September 2019 |work=NRK |title=Helikopterulykken i Alta |language=Norwegian Bokmål |url=https://www.nrk.no/helikopterstyrten-i-alta-1.14684148}}</ref>
*[[2024]] &ndash; A helicopter [[2024 Kamchatka Mil Mi-8 crash|crashes]] in [[Kamchatka Krai]] in the [[Russian Far East]], killing all 22 occupants.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Zoria |first=Yuri |date=1 September 2024 |work=[[Euromaidan Press]] |title=Russian Mi-8 helicopter crash in Kamchatka claims 22 lives |url=https://euromaidanpress.com/2024/09/01/russian-mi-8-helicopter-crash-in-kamchatka-claims-22-lives/}}</ref>