Editing August 30 (section)

==Events==
===Pre-1600===
*[[AD 70|70]] &ndash; [[Titus]] ends the [[Siege of Jerusalem (70 CE)|siege of Jerusalem]] after destroying [[Second Temple|Herod's Temple]].<ref>{{cite book|last=Bunson|first=Matthew|title=A Dictionary of the Roman Empire|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=HsrGEFpW80UC&pg=PA212+A+DICTIONARY+OF+THE+ROMAN+EMPIRE+P.212|access-date=12 April 2018|year=1991|publisher=OUP USA|isbn=9780195102338|page=212}}</ref>
*[[1060]] &ndash; The [[Mirdasids]] defeat the [[Fatimid Caliphate]] at the [[Battle of al-Funaydiq]], signalling the definitive loss of [[Aleppo]] for the Fatimids.<ref>{{cite book | last = Bianquis | first = Thierry | author-link = Thierry Bianquis | title = Damas et la Syrie sous la domination fatimide (359-468/969-1076). Deuxième tome | publisher = Presses de l’Ifpo | year = 1989 | url = https://doi.org/10.4000/books.ifpo.6458 | isbn = 978-2-35159-526-8 | language = French | pages=569–571}}</ref> 
*[[1282]] &ndash; [[Peter III of Aragon]] lands at [[Trapani]] to intervene in the [[War of the Sicilian Vespers]].
*[[1363]] &ndash; The five-week [[Battle of Lake Poyang]] begins, in which the forces of two Chinese rebel leaders ([[Chen Youliang]] and [[Zhu Yuanzhang]]) meet to decide who will supplant the [[Yuan dynasty]].
*[[1464]] &ndash; [[Pope Paul II]] succeeds [[Pope Pius II]] as the 211th [[pope]].
*[[1574]] &ndash; [[Guru Ram Das]] becomes the Fourth [[Sikh Guru]]/[[guru|Master]].
*[[1590]] &ndash; [[Tokugawa Ieyasu]] enters [[Edo Castle]]. (Traditional [[Japanese calendar|Japanese date]]: August 1, 1590)
*[[1594]] &ndash; King [[James VI of Scotland]] holds a [[masque at the baptism of Prince Henry]] at [[Stirling Castle]].<ref>Martin Wiggins & Catherine Richardson, ''British Drama 1533–1642: A Catalogue: 1590–1597'', vol. 3 (Oxford, 2013), p. 247.</ref>

===1601–1900===
*[[1721]] &ndash; The [[Great Northern War]] between [[Sweden]] and [[Tsardom of Russia|Russia]] ends in the [[Treaty of Nystad]].<ref>{{cite book|author=Toivo J. Paloposki|title=Suurvallan loppu|publisher=Weilin & Göös|year=1985|isbn=951-35-2492-2|location=Espoo|language=fi}}</ref>
*[[1727]] &ndash; [[Anne, Princess Royal and Princess of Orange|Anne]], eldest daughter of King [[George II of Great Britain]], is given the title [[Princess Royal]].
*[[1757]] &ndash; [[Battle of Gross-Jägersdorf]]: Russian force under Field Marshal [[Stepan Fyodorovich Apraksin]] beats a smaller Prussian force commanded by Field Marshal [[Hans von Lehwaldt]], during the [[Seven Years' War]].<ref>Peter H. Wilson, ''The Heart of Europe: A History of the Holy Roman Empire.'' Penguin, 2016, pp. 478–479.</ref>
*[[1791]] &ndash; {{HMS|Pandora|1779|6}} sinks after having run aground on the outer [[Great Barrier Reef]] the previous day.
*[[1799]] &ndash; The entire Dutch fleet [[Vlieter Incident|is captured]] by British forces under the command of Sir [[Ralph Abercromby]] and [[Admiral]] Sir Charles Mitchell during the [[War of the Second Coalition]].
*[[1800]] &ndash; [[Gabriel Prosser]] postpones a planned [[slave rebellion]] in [[Richmond, Virginia]], but is arrested before he can make it happen.
*[[1813]] &ndash; [[First Battle of Kulm]]: French forces are defeated by an Austrian-[[Prussia]]n-Russian alliance.
*  1813   &ndash; [[Creek War]]: [[Fort Mims massacre]]: [[Creek people|Creek]] "[[Red Sticks]]" kill over 500 settlers (including over 250 armed militia) in Fort Mims, north of [[Mobile, Alabama]].
*[[1835]] &ndash; Australia: [[Melbourne, Victoria]] is founded.
*[[1836]] &ndash; The city of [[Houston]] is founded by [[Augustus Chapman Allen]] and [[John Kirby Allen]].<ref>{{cite book |title=Houston: A History |first=David G. |last=McComb |publisher=University of Texas Press |location=Austin |year=1981 |edition=2nd |page=11}}</ref>
*[[1862]] &ndash; [[American Civil War]]: [[Battle of Richmond]]: [[Confederate States of America|Confederates]] under [[Edmund Kirby Smith]] rout [[Union Army|Union]] forces under General [[William "Bull" Nelson]].
*[[1873]] &ndash; Austrian explorers [[Julius von Payer]] and [[Karl Weyprecht]] discover the [[archipelago]] of [[Franz Josef Land]] in the Arctic Sea.
*[[1896]] &ndash; [[Philippine Revolution]]: After Spanish victory in the [[Battle of San Juan del Monte]], eight provinces in the [[Philippines]] are declared under martial law by the Spanish [[Governor-General of the Philippines|Governor-General]] [[Ramón Blanco y Erenas]].
===1901–present===
*[[1909]] &ndash; [[Burgess Shale]] fossils are discovered by [[Charles Doolittle Walcott]].
*[[1914]] &ndash; [[World War I]]: Germans defeat the Russians in the [[Battle of Tannenberg]].
*[[1916]] &ndash; [[Ernest Shackleton]] completes the rescue of all of his men stranded on [[Elephant Island]] in [[Antarctica]].
*[[1917]] &ndash; [[Vietnam]]ese prison guards led by Trịnh Văn Cấn [[Thái Nguyên uprising|mutiny]] at the [[Thái Nguyên]] penitentiary against local French authority.
*[[1918]] &ndash; [[Fanni Kaplan]] shoots and seriously injures [[Bolshevik]] leader [[Vladimir Lenin]], which along with the assassination of [[Bolshevik]] senior official [[Moisei Uritsky]] days earlier, prompts the decree for [[Red Terror]].
*[[1922]] &ndash; [[Battle of Dumlupınar]]: The final battle in the [[Greco-Turkish War (1919–22)|Greco-Turkish War]] ([[Turkish War of Independence]]).
*[[1936]] &ndash; The [[RMS Queen Mary|RMS ''Queen Mary'']] wins the [[Blue Riband]] by setting the fastest transatlantic crossing.
*[[1940]] &ndash; The [[Second Vienna Award]] reassigns the territory of [[Northern Transylvania]] from [[Romania]] to Hungary.
*[[1941]] &ndash; The [[Tighina Agreement]], a treaty regarding administration issues of the [[Transnistria Governorate]], is signed between [[Nazi Germany|Germany]] and Romania.<ref>{{cite journal|url=https://www.researchgate.net/publication/309415043|title=The beginning of war in the East and hastening the approaches against the Jewish population|first1=Adina|last1=Babeș|first2=Alexandru|last2=Florian|journal=Holocaust. Studii și cercetări|issue=7|year=2014|pages=30–44}}</ref>
*[[1942]] &ndash; World War II: The [[Battle of Alam el Halfa]] begins.
*[[1945]] &ndash; The [[Japanese occupation of Hong Kong]] comes to an end.
*  1945   &ndash; The [[Commander-in-chief#United States|Supreme Commander]] of the Allied Forces, General [[Douglas MacArthur]] lands at [[Atsugi Air Force Base]].
*  1945   &ndash; The [[Allied Control Council]], governing Germany after World War II, comes into being.
*[[1959]] &ndash; South Vietnamese opposition figure [[Phan Quang Dan]] [[1959 South Vietnamese legislative election|was elected to the National Assembly]] despite [[Army of the Republic of Vietnam|soldiers]] being bussed in to vote for President [[Ngo Dinh Diem]]'s candidate.<ref>{{cite book| title=The Last Confucian: Vietnam, South-East Asia, and the West | first=Denis |last=Warner| year=1964 |location=Sydney |publisher=Angus and Robertson |pages=112–114}}</ref>
*[[1962]] &ndash; Japan conducts a test of the [[NAMC YS-11]], its first aircraft since World War II and its only successful commercial aircraft from before or after the war.
*[[1963]] &ndash; The [[Moscow–Washington hotline]] between the leaders of the U.S. and the [[Soviet Union]] goes into operation.
*[[1967]] &ndash; [[Thurgood Marshall]] is confirmed as the first [[African American]] [[Associate Justice of the Supreme Court of the United States|Justice]] of the [[Supreme Court of the United States]].
*[[1974]] &ndash; A [[Belgrade]]–[[Dortmund]] express train [[Zagreb train disaster|derails]] at the main train station in [[Zagreb]] killing 153 passengers.
*  1974   &ndash; A powerful bomb [[1974 Mitsubishi Heavy Industries bombing|explodes]] at the [[Mitsubishi Heavy Industries]] headquarters in [[Marunouchi]], Tokyo. Eight are killed, 378 are injured. Eight left-wing activists are arrested on May 19, 1975, by Japanese authorities.
*  1974   &ndash; The Third [[World Population Conference]] ends in Bucharest, Romania. At the end of the ceremony, the UN-Romanian Demographic Centre is inaugurated.<ref>{{cite web | url=https://www.revistadestatistica.ro/supliment/file-de-istorie/vasile-ghetau-2/ | title=Vasile Gheţău }}</ref>
*[[1981]] &ndash; President [[Mohammad-Ali Rajai]] and Prime Minister [[Mohammad-Javad Bahonar]] of Iran are assassinated in a bombing committed by the [[People's Mujahedin of Iran]].
*[[1983]] &ndash; [[Aeroflot Flight 5463]] crashes into Dolan Mountain while approaching [[Almaty International Airport]] in present-day [[Kazakhstan]], killing all 90 people on board.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Ranter |first=Harro |title=ASN Aircraft accident Tupolev Tu-134A СССР-65129 Alma-Ata |url=https://aviation-safety.net/database/record.php?id=19830830-0 |access-date=2020-08-22 |website=Aviation Safety Network |publisher=[[Flight Safety Foundation]]}}</ref>
*1983   &ndash; [[STS-8]]: The [[Space Shuttle Challenger|Space Shuttle ''Challenger'']] takes off on the first night launch of the shuttle program. [[Guion Bluford]] becomes the first African-American in space on this mission.<ref>{{cite book |last=Jenkins |first=Dennis R. |title=Space Shuttle – the history of the national space transportation system: the first 100 missions |publisher=Midland |year=2001 |isbn=1-85780-116-4 |edition=3rd |pages=271}}</ref>
*[[1984]] &ndash; [[STS-41-D]]: The [[Space Shuttle]] ''[[Space Shuttle Discovery|Discovery]]'' takes off on its maiden voyage.
*[[1991]] &ndash; [[Dissolution of the Soviet Union]]: [[Azerbaijan]] declares independence from Soviet Union.
*[[1992]] &ndash; The 11-day [[Ruby Ridge]] standoff ends with [[Randy Weaver]] surrendering to federal authorities.
*[[1995]] &ndash; [[Bosnian War]]: [[NATO]] launches [[Operation Deliberate Force]] against [[Bosnian Serb]] forces.
*[[1998]] &ndash; [[Second Congo War]]: Armed forces of the [[Democratic Republic of the Congo]] (DRC) and their [[Angola]]n and [[Zimbabwe]]an allies recapture [[Matadi]] and the [[Inga dams]] in the western DRC from [[Rally for Congolese Democracy|RCD]] and [[Rwanda]]n troops. 
*[[2002]] &ndash; [[Rico Linhas Aéreas Flight 4823]] crashes on approach to [[Rio Branco International Airport]], killing 23 of the 31 people on board.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Ranter |first=Harro |title=ASN Aircraft accident Embraer EMB-120ER Brasilia PT-WRQ Rio Branco-Plácido de Castro International Airport, AC (RBR) |url=https://aviation-safety.net/database/record.php?id=20020830-0 |access-date=2019-07-20 |website=Aviation Safety Network |publisher=Flight Safety Foundation}}</ref>
*[[2008]] &ndash; A [[Conviasa]] [[Boeing 737]] [[2008 Conviasa Boeing 737 crash|crashes]] into [[Illiniza|Illiniza Volcano]] in [[Ecuador]], killing all three people on board.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Ranter |first=Harro |title=ASN Aircraft accident Boeing 737-291 YV102T Toacaso |url=https://aviation-safety.net/database/record.php?id=20080830-0 |access-date=2019-08-13 |website=Aviation Safety Network |publisher=Flight Safety Foundation}}</ref>
*[[2014]] &ndash; Prime Minister of Lesotho [[Tom Thabane]] flees to South Africa as the army [[2014 Lesotho political crisis|allegedly stages a coup]].
*[[2021]] &ndash; The last remaining [[Withdrawal of United States troops from Afghanistan (2020–2021)|American troops leave Afghanistan]], ending U.S. involvement in [[War in Afghanistan (2001–2021)|the war]].<ref>{{cite web |last1=Macias |first1=Amanda |title=U.S. ends 20-year war in Afghanistan with final evacuation flights out of Kabul |url=https://www.cnbc.com/2021/08/30/afghanistan-update-last-us-troops-leave-kabul-ending-evacuation.html |website=CNBC |date=August 30, 2021}}</ref>
*[[2023]] &ndash; [[2023 Gabonese coup d'état|Gabonese coup d'état]]: After [[Ali Bongo Ondimba|Ali Bongo Ondimba's]] reelection, a military coup ousted him, ending 56 years of Bongo family rule in [[Gabon]].<ref>{{Cite news |date=2023-08-30 |title=Gabon coup: Army annuls elections and seizes power |language=en-GB |work=BBC News |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-africa-66654965 |access-date=2023-08-30}}</ref>