Editing August 24 (section)

==Events==
===Pre-1600===
* [[367]] &ndash; [[Gratian]], son of [[Roman emperor|Roman Emperor]] [[Valentinian I]], is named co-[[Augustus (honorific)|Augustus]] at the age of eight by his father.<ref>{{cite book|author=Meaghan McEvoy|title=Child Emperor Rule in the Late Roman West, AD 367–455|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=lgygc7HDBt0C&pg=PA49|date=2013|publisher=OUP Oxford|isbn=978-0-19-966481-8|pages=49}}</ref>
* [[394]] &ndash; The [[Graffito of Esmet-Akhom]], the latest known inscription in [[Egyptian hieroglyphs]], is written.<ref>Richard Parkinson, Cracking Codes: The Rosetta Stone and Decipherment (1999), p. 178.</ref>
* [[410]] &ndash; The [[Visigoths]] under King [[Alaric I]] begin to [[Sack of Rome (410)|pillage Rome]].
*[[1185]] &ndash; [[Sack of Thessalonica (1185)|Sack of Thessalonica]] by the Normans.
*[[1200]] &ndash; King [[John of England]], signer of the first [[Magna Carta]], marries [[Isabella of Angoulême]] in [[Angoulême Cathedral]].<ref>{{cite book|author1=E. B. Pryde|author2=D. E. Greenway|author3=S. Porter|author4=I. Roy|title=Handbook of British Chronology|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=zcgxEvGAK_kC&pg=PA37|date= 1996|publisher=Cambridge University Press|isbn=978-0-521-56350-5|pages=37}} Roger of Howden, iv, 120.</ref>
*[[1215]] &ndash; [[Pope Innocent III]] issues a bull declaring [[Magna Carta]] invalid.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.bl.uk/collection-items/the-papal-bull-annulling-magna-carta|title=The papal bull annulling Magna Carta|website=British Library|access-date=30 April 2019}}</ref>
*[[1349]] &ndash; Six thousand Jews are killed in [[Mainz]] after being blamed for the [[bubonic plague]].<ref name="Tuchman">{{Cite book|last=Tuchman|first=Barbara Wertheim|title=A Distant Mirror: The Calamitous 14th Century|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=BmRoOIwLWhsC&pg=PT113|year=2011|publisher=Random House Digital, Inc.|isbn=978-0-307-29160-8|page=116}}</ref>
*[[1482]] &ndash; The town and castle of [[capture of Berwick (1482)|Berwick-upon-Tweed is captured]] from Scotland by an English army.<ref>{{cite book|author1=John A. Wagner|author2=Edward Ed Wagner|title=Encyclopedia of the Wars of the Roses|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ubXnWRMt6uoC&pg=PA29|year=2001|publisher=ABC-CLIO|isbn=978-1-85109-358-8|page=29}}</ref>
*[[1516]] &ndash; The [[Ottoman Empire]] under [[Selim I]] defeats the [[Mamluk Sultanate (Cairo)|Mamluk Sultanate]] and captures present-day Syria at the [[Battle of Marj Dabiq]].<ref>{{cite book|author=Avraham Daṿid|title=To come to the land: immigration and settlement in sixteenth-century Eretz-Israel|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=aLttAAAAMAAJ|year=1999|publisher=University of Alabama Press|isbn=978-0-8173-0935-0|page=1}}</ref>
*[[1561]] &ndash; [[William the Silent|Willem of Orange]] marries duchess [[Anna of Saxony]].<ref>{{cite book|title=The Story of William the Silent and the Netherland War: 1555–1584|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=g35AAQAAMAAJ&pg=PA62|year=1869|publisher=D. Lothrop & Co.|pages=62}}</ref>

===1601–1900===
*[[1608]] &ndash; The first official English representative to India lands in [[Surat]].
*[[1643]] &ndash; A Dutch fleet [[Dutch expedition to Valdivia|establishes a new colony]] in the ruins of [[Valdivia]] in [[Zona Sur|southern Chile]].<ref>{{cite book|last=Montt Pinto|first=Isabel|url=http://www.buscalibros.cl/libros.php?c=226|oclc=1397610|year=1971|location=Buenos Aires|publisher=Editorial Francisco de Aguirre|title=Breve Historia de Valdivia|language=es|access-date=23 October 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070218034335/http://www.buscalibros.cl/libros.php?c=226|archive-date=18 February 2007|url-status=dead|page=22}}</ref>
*[[1662]] &ndash; The [[Book of Common Prayer (1662)|1662 ''Book of Common Prayer'']] is [[Act of Uniformity 1662|legally enforced]] as the liturgy of the [[Church of England]], precipitating the [[Great Ejection]] of [[English Dissenters|Dissenter]] ministers from their [[benefice]]s.
*[[1682]] &ndash; [[William Penn]] receives the area that is now the state of [[Delaware]], and adds it to his [[colony]] of [[Province of Pennsylvania|Pennsylvania]].
*[[1690]] &ndash; [[Job Charnock]] of the [[East India Company]] establishes a [[Factory (trading post)|factory]] in [[Kolkata|Calcutta]], an event formerly considered the founding of the city (in 2003 the [[Calcutta High Court]] ruled that the city's foundation date is unknown).
*[[1743]] &ndash; [[The War of the Hats]]: The [[Swedish army]] surrenders to the [[Russia]]ns in [[Helsinki]], ending the war and starting ''Lesser Wrath''.<ref name="mattila">{{cite book |last1=Mattila |first1=Tapani |title=Meri maamme turvana |trans-title=Sea safeguarding our country |year=1983 |publisher=K. J. Gummerus Osakeyhtiö |location=Jyväskylä |language=Finnish |isbn=951-99487-0-8 }}</ref>
*[[1781]] &ndash; [[American Revolutionary War]]: A small force of [[Pennsylvania]] [[militia (United States)|militia]] is [[Lochry's Defeat|ambushed and overwhelmed]] by an American Indian group, which forces [[George Rogers Clark]] to abandon his attempt to attack [[Detroit]].
*[[1789]] &ndash; The first [[Battle of Svensksund (1789)|naval battle of the Svensksund]] began in the [[Gulf of Finland]].<ref name="mattila"/>
*[[1812]] &ndash; [[Peninsular War]]: A coalition of Spanish, [[United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland|British]], and [[Kingdom of Portugal|Portuguese]] forces succeed in lifting the two-and-a-half-year-long [[Siege of Cádiz]].
*[[1814]] &ndash; British troops [[Burning of Washington|capture Washington, D.C.]] and set the [[White House|Presidential Mansion]], [[United States Capitol|Capitol]], [[Washington Navy Yard|Navy Yard]] and many other public buildings ablaze.<ref name="Chase2020"/>
*[[1815]] &ndash; The modern [[Constitution of the Netherlands]] is signed.
*[[1816]] &ndash; The [[Treaty of St. Louis (1816)|Treaty of St. Louis]] is signed in [[St. Louis, Missouri]].
*[[1820]] &ndash; [[Constitutionalism|Constitutionalist]] [[History of Portugal#Crises of the nineteenth century|insurrection]] at [[Porto|Oporto]], Portugal.
*[[1821]] &ndash; The [[Treaty of Córdoba]] is signed in [[Córdoba, Veracruz|Córdoba]], now in [[Veracruz (state)|Veracruz]], Mexico, concluding the [[Mexican War of Independence]] from Spain.
*[[1857]] &ndash; The [[Panic of 1857]] begins, setting off one of the most severe economic crises in United States history.
*[[1870]] &ndash; The [[Wolseley expedition]] reaches [[Manitoba]] to end the [[Red River Rebellion]].
*[[1898]] &ndash; [[Mikhail Nikolayevich Muravyov|Count Muravyov]], [[Foreign Minister of Russia]] presents a ''rescript'' that convoked the [[First Hague Peace Conference]].

===1901–present===
*[[1909]] &ndash; Workers start pouring concrete for the [[Panama Canal]].
*[[1911]] &ndash; [[Manuel de Arriaga]] is elected and sworn in as the first [[President of Portugal]].
*[[1914]] &ndash; [[World War I]]: German troops [[Siege of Namur (1914)|capture Namur]].
*  1914  &ndash; World War I: The [[Battle of Cer]] ends as the first Allied victory in the war.
*[[1929]] &ndash; Second day of two-day [[1929 Hebron massacre|Hebron massacre]] during the [[1929 Palestine riots]]: [[Palestinians|Arab]] attacks on the Jewish community in [[Hebron]] in the [[Mandatory Palestine|British Mandate of Palestine]], result in the death of 65–68 Jews; the remaining Jews are forced to flee the city.
*[[1931]] &ndash; Resignation of the United Kingdom's [[Second Labour Government]]. Formation of the [[UK National Government]].
*[[1932]] &ndash; [[Amelia Earhart]] becomes the first woman to fly across the United States non-stop (from Los Angeles to [[Newark, New Jersey]]).
*[[1933]] &ndash; The [[Crescent (train)|Crescent Limited]] train [[Amtrak Railroad Anacostia Bridge#Wreck of the Crescent Limited|derails]] in Washington, D.C., after the [[Amtrak Railroad Anacostia Bridge|bridge]] it is crossing is washed out by the [[1933 Chesapeake–Potomac hurricane]].
*[[1936]] &ndash; The [[Australian Antarctic Territory]] is created.
*[[1937]] &ndash; [[Spanish Civil War]]: the [[Basque Army]] surrenders to the Italian [[Corpo Truppe Volontarie]] following the [[Santoña Agreement]].
*  1937 &ndash; Spanish Civil War: [[Sovereign Council of Asturias and León]] is proclaimed in [[Gijón]].
*[[1938]] &ndash; [[Kweilin incident]]: A Japanese warplane shoots down the ''Kweilin'', a Chinese civilian airliner, killing 14. It is the [[List of airliner shootdown incidents|first recorded instance]] of a civilian airliner being shot down.<ref>{{cite book |chapter=Chapter 13: The Kweilin Incident |title=[[China's Wings: War, Intrigue, Romance and Adventure in the Middle Kingdom during the Golden Age of Flight]] |publisher=[[Bantam Books]] |author=Gregory Crouch |year=2012 |pages=[https://books.google.com/books?id=hZAn5L-gIpQC&pg=PA155 155]–[https://books.google.com/books?id=hZAn5L-gIpQC&pg=PA158 158]|isbn=978-0345532350}}</ref>
*[[1941]] &ndash; [[The Holocaust]]: [[Adolf Hitler]] orders the cessation of [[Nazi Germany]]'s systematic [[Action T4|T4 euthanasia program]] of the [[mental illness|mentally ill]] and the [[Disability|handicapped]] due to protests, although killings continue for the remainder of the war.
*[[1942]] &ndash; [[World War II]]: The [[Battle of the Eastern Solomons]]. Japanese [[aircraft carrier]] ''[[Japanese aircraft carrier Ryūjō|Ryūjō]]'' is sunk, with the loss of seven officers and 113 crewmen. The US carrier {{USS|Enterprise|CV-6|6}} is heavily damaged.
*[[1944]] &ndash; World War II: Allied troops begin [[Liberation of Paris|the attack on Paris]].
*[[1949]] &ndash; The treaty creating the [[NATO|North Atlantic Treaty Organization]] goes into effect.
*[[1950]] &ndash; [[Edith Sampson]] becomes the first black U.S. delegate to the [[United Nations]].
*[[1951]] &ndash; [[United Air Lines Flight 615]] crashes near [[Decoto, California]], killing 50 people.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Ranter |first=Harro |title=ASN Aircraft accident Douglas DC-6B N37550 Oakland International Airport, CA (OAK) |url=https://aviation-safety.net/database/record.php?id=19510824-0 |access-date=2022-08-23 |website=aviation-safety.net}}</ref>
*[[1954]] &ndash; The [[Communist Control Act]] goes into effect, outlawing the [[Communist Party USA|Communist Party in the United States]].
*  1954 &ndash; Vice president [[João Café Filho]] takes office as president of [[Brazil]], following the suicide of [[Getúlio Vargas]].<ref>{{cite book | last = Paxton | first = John | title = The statesman's year-book : statistical and historical annual of the states of the world for the year 1986–1987 | publisher = Macmillan | location = London | year = 1986 | isbn = 9780230271159 | page=229}}</ref>
*[[1963]] &ndash; [[Buddhist crisis]]: As a result of the [[Xá Lợi Pagoda raids]], the [[US State Department]] [[Cable 243|cables]] the [[United States Embassy, Saigon]] to encourage [[Army of the Republic of Vietnam]] generals to [[1963 South Vietnamese coup|launch a coup]] against President [[Ngô Đình Diệm]] if he did not remove his brother [[Ngô Đình Nhu]].
*[[1967]] &ndash; Led by [[Abbie Hoffman]], the [[Youth International Party]] temporarily disrupts trading at the [[New York Stock Exchange]] by throwing dollar bills from the viewing gallery, causing trading to cease as brokers scramble to grab them.<ref>{{cite book | last = Windt | first = Theodore | title = Presidents and protesters : political rhetoric in the 1960s | publisher = University of Alabama Press | location = Tuscaloosa | year = 1990 | isbn = 9780817305062 | page=234}}</ref>
*[[1970]] &ndash; [[Vietnam War]] protesters [[Sterling Hall bombing|bomb]] Sterling Hall at the [[University of Wisconsin–Madison]], leading to an international manhunt for the perpetrators.<ref>{{cite journal|title=Book Review: the Madison Bombings|author=Richard Redman|journal=FBI Law Enforcement Bulletin|publisher=Federal Bureau of Investigation, U.S. Department of Justice|year=1991|page=14}}</ref>
*[[1981]] &ndash; [[Mark David Chapman]] is sentenced to 20 years to life in prison for [[Murder of John Lennon|murdering John Lennon]].
*[[1989]] &ndash; [[Colombia]]n [[drug baron]]s declare "total war" on the [[Government of Colombia|Colombian government]].
*  1989 &ndash; [[Tadeusz Mazowiecki]] is chosen as the first non-[[communist]] [[prime minister]] in Central and Eastern Europe.
*[[1991]] &ndash; [[Mikhail Gorbachev]] resigns as head of the [[Communist Party of the Soviet Union]].<ref>{{cite book | last = Elisabeth | first = FirstName | title = The spiral of 'anti-other rhetoric' : discourses of identity and the international media echo | publisher = J. Benjamins | location = Amsterdam Philadelphia | year = 2006 | isbn = 9789027227126 | page=18}}</ref>
*  1991 &ndash; [[Ukraine]] [[Declaration of Independence of Ukraine|declares itself independent]] from the [[Soviet Union]].<ref name="Chase2020"/>
*[[1992]] &ndash; [[Hurricane Andrew]] makes landfall in [[Homestead, Florida]] as a [[List of Category 5 Atlantic hurricanes|Category&nbsp;5 hurricane]], causing up to $25&nbsp;billion (1992 [[USD]]) in damages.
*[[1995]] &ndash; Microsoft [[Windows 95]] was released to the public in North America.
*[[1998]] &ndash; First [[radio-frequency identification]] (RFID) human implantation tested in the United Kingdom.
*[[2001]] &ndash; [[Air Transat Flight 236]] loses all engine power over the [[Atlantic Ocean]], forcing the pilots to conduct an [[emergency landing]] in the [[Azores]].<ref>{{cite web |date=December 17, 2004 |title=Accident Investigation Final Report – All Engines-out Landing Due to Fuel Exhaustion – Air Transat Airbus A330-243 marks C-GITS, Lajes, Azores, Portugal, 24 August 2001 |url=http://www.fss.aero/accident-reports/dvdfiles/PT/2001-08-24-PT.pdf |archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20221009/http://www.fss.aero/accident-reports/dvdfiles/PT/2001-08-24-PT.pdf |archive-date=2022-10-09 |url-status=live |access-date=August 24, 2022 |publisher=[[Aviation Accidents Prevention and Investigation Department|Portuguese Aviation Accidents Prevention and Investigation Department]]}}</ref>
*[[2004]] &ndash; Ninety passengers die after [[Russian aircraft bombings of August 2004|two airliners explode]] after flying out of [[Domodedovo International Airport]], near Moscow. The explosions are caused by suicide bombers from [[Chechnya]].
*[[2006]] &ndash; The [[International Astronomical Union]] (IAU) [[IAU definition of planet|redefines the term "planet"]] such that [[Pluto]] is now considered a [[dwarf planet]].
*[[2008]] &ndash; Sixty-five passengers are killed when [[Iran Aseman Airlines Flight 6895]] crashes during an [[emergency landing]] at [[Manas International Airport]] in [[Bishkek]], [[Kyrgyzstan]].<ref>{{Cite web |last=Ranter |first=Harro |title=ASN Aircraft accident Boeing 737-219 EX-009 Bishkek-Manas International Airport (FRU) |url=https://aviation-safety.net/database/record.php?id=20080824-0 |access-date=2022-08-21 |website=aviation-safety.net}}</ref>
*  2008 &ndash; A [[Cessna 208 Caravan]] [[2008 Aéreo Ruta Maya crash|crashes]] in [[Cabañas, Zacapa]], [[Guatemala]], killing 11 people.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Ranter |first=Harro |title=ASN Aircraft accident Cessna 208 Caravan I TG-JCS La Puente, Cabañas, Zacapa |url=https://aviation-safety.net/database/record.php?id=20080824-1 |access-date=2022-08-21 |website=aviation-safety.net}}</ref>
*[[2010]] &ndash; In [[San Fernando, Tamaulipas]], Mexico, 72 illegal immigrants are [[2010 San Fernando massacre|killed]] by [[Los Zetas]] and eventually found dead by Mexican authorities.
*  2010 &ndash; [[Henan Airlines Flight 8387]] crashes at [[Yichun Lindu Airport]] in [[Yichun, Heilongjiang|Yichun]], [[Heilongjiang]], [[China]], killing 44 out of the 96 people on board.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://aviation-safety.net/database/record.php?id=20100824-0|title=ASN Aircraft accident Embraer ERJ 190-100 LR (ERJ-190LR) B-3130 Yichun Lindu Airport (LDS)|last=Ranter|first=Harro|website=aviation-safety.net|access-date=2019-08-01}}</ref>
*  2010 &ndash; [[Agni Air Flight 101]] crashes near [[Shikharpur, Makwanpur]], Nepal, killing all 14 people on board.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Ranter |first=Harro |title=ASN Aircraft accident Dornier 228-101 9N-AHE Bastipur, Shikharpur VDC, Makwanpur district |url=https://aviation-safety.net/database/record.php?id=20100824-1 |access-date=2022-08-23 |website=aviation-safety.net}}</ref>
*[[2012]] &ndash; [[Anders Behring Breivik]], perpetrator of the [[2011 Norway attacks]], is [[Trial of Anders Behring Breivik#Verdict and sentencing|sentenced]] to 21 years of preventive detention.<ref>{{cite news|title=Anders Behring Breivik: Norway court rules him sane|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-europe-19365616|accessdate=24 August 2022|publisher=BBC News|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120824083419/http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-europe-19365616|archive-date=24 August 2012|url-status=live}}</ref>
*[[2014]] &ndash; A magnitude 6.0 [[2014 South Napa earthquake|earthquake]] strikes the [[San Francisco Bay Area]]; it is the largest in that area [[1989 Loma Prieta earthquake|since 1989]].<ref>{{Cite journal|url=https://pubs.er.usgs.gov/publication/70142429|doi=10.1785/0220150004|title=The Mw 6.0 24 August 2014 South Napa Earthquake|year=2015|last1=Brocher|first1=T. M.|last2=Baltay|first2=A. S.|last3=Hardebeck|first3=J. L.|last4=Pollitz|first4=F. F.|last5=Murray|first5=J. R.|last6=Llenos|first6=A. L.|last7=Schwartz|first7=D. P.|last8=Blair|first8=J. L.|last9=Ponti|first9=D. J.|last10=Lienkaemper|first10=J. J.|last11=Langenheim|first11=V. E.|last12=Dawson|first12=T. E.|last13=Hudnut|first13=K. W.|last14=Shelly|first14=D. R.|last15=Dreger|first15=D. S.|last16=Boatwright|first16=J.|last17=Aagaard|first17=B. T.|last18=Wald|first18=D. J.|last19=Allen|first19=R. M.|last20=Barnhart|first20=W. D.|last21=Knudsen|first21=K. L.|last22=Brooks|first22=B. A.|last23=Scharer|first23=K. M.|journal=Seismological Research Letters|volume=86|issue=2A|pages=309–326|bibcode=2015SeiRL..86..309B }}</ref>
*[[2016]] &ndash; An [[August 2016 Central Italy earthquake|earthquake strikes Central Italy]] with a magnitude of 6.2, with aftershocks felt as far as [[Rome]] and [[Florence]]. Around 300 people are killed.<ref>[http://www.protezionecivile.gov.it/jcms/it/view_com.wp?contentId=COM58731 "Terremoto Centro Italia: aggiornamento del numero di vittime, feriti e popolazione assistita"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160827194051/http://www.protezionecivile.gov.it/jcms/it/view_com.wp?contentId=COM58731 |date=2016-08-27 }}, ''Protezione Civile'', 26 August 2016.</ref>
*2016 &ndash; [[Proxima Centauri b]], the closest exoplanet to Earth, is discovered by the [[European Southern Observatory]].<ref>{{Cite news |last=Amos |first=Jonathan |date=2016-08-24 |title=Neighbouring star Proxima Centauri has Earth-sized planet |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/science-environment-37167390 |access-date=2024-01-25 |publisher=BBC News}}</ref>
*[[2017]] &ndash; The [[National Space Agency]] of [[Taiwan]] successfully launches the observation satellite [[Formosat-5]] into space.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://spaceflightnow.com/2017/08/25/taiwanese-satellite-rides-spacex-rocket-into-orbit/ |title=Taiwanese satellite rides SpaceX rocket |work=Spaceflight Now |first=Stephen |last=Clark |date=25 August 2017 |access-date=25 August 2022 |archive-date=9 August 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180809112642/https://spaceflightnow.com/2017/08/25/taiwanese-satellite-rides-spacex-rocket-into-orbit/ |url-status=live }}</ref>
*[[2020]] &ndash; [[Erin O’Toole]] is [[2020 Conservative Party of Canada leadership election|elected]] leader of the [[Conservative Party of Canada]].<ref>{{cite news |title=Erin O'Toole wins Conservative Party leadership in major upset |url=https://www.thestar.com/politics/federal/2020/08/23/conservative-party-leadership-race-live-coverage.html |access-date=August 24, 2022 |work=Toronto Star |date=August 24, 2020}}</ref>
*[[2023]] &ndash; Japan officially begins [[Discharge of radioactive water of the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant|discharging treated radioactive water]] from the [[Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant]] into the Pacific Ocean, sparking international concerns and condemnation.<ref>{{Cite news |last1=Murakami |first1=Sakura |last2=Bateman |first2=Tom |date=2023-08-23 |title=Japan to release Fukushima water into ocean from Aug. 24|agency=Reuters|url=https://www.reuters.com/world/asia-pacific/japan-release-fukushima-water-into-ocean-starting-aug-24-2023-08-22/ |access-date=2023-09-01}}</ref>