Editing August 22 (section)

==Events==
===Pre-1600===
* [[392]] &ndash; [[Arbogast (magister militum)|Arbogast]] has [[Eugenius]] elected [[Roman emperor|Western Roman Emperor]].
* [[851]] &ndash; [[Battle of Jengland]]: [[Erispoe]] defeats [[Charles the Bald]] near the Breton town of Jengland.
* [[1138]] &ndash; [[Battle of the Standard]] between Scotland and England.<ref>{{cite web |title=The Battle of the Standard (The Battle of Northallerton) |url=https://www.historic-uk.com/HistoryMagazine/DestinationsUK/The-Battle-of-the-Standard/ |website=Historic UK |access-date=22 August 2020}}</ref>
* [[1153]] &ndash; [[Crusader–Fatimid wars]]: The fortress of [[Ascalon]] was [[Siege of Ascalon|surrendered]] by [[Fatimid Caliphate|Fatimid Egypt]] to an army of [[Kingdom of Jerusalem|crusaders]], [[Knights Templar|Templar]]s, and [[Knights Hospitaller|Hospitallers]] led by King [[Baldwin III of Jerusalem]].<ref>{{cite book | last=Lev | first=Yaacov | title=State and Society in Fatimid Egypt | year=1991 | location=Leiden | publisher=Brill | url=https://books.google.com/books?id=I2LwgIL_bpEC | isbn=978-9004093447 |page=104 }}</ref>
*[[1485]] &ndash; The [[Battle of Bosworth Field]] occurs; King [[Richard III of England]]'s death in battle marks the end of the reigning [[House of Plantagenet|Plantagenet dynasty]] and the beginning of the Tudors under [[Henry VII of England|Henry VII]].<ref>{{Cite book |last=Weir |first=Alison |title=Britain's Royal Families |date=2008 |publisher=Vintage |isbn=978-0-09-953973-5 |author-link=Alison Weir|page=145}}</ref>
*[[1559]] &ndash; Spanish [[archbishop]] [[Bartolomé Carranza]] is arrested for [[Heresy in Christianity|heresy]].

===1601–1900===
*[[1614]] &ndash; [[Fettmilch Uprising]]: Jews are expelled from [[Frankfurt]], [[Holy Roman Empire]], following the plundering of the [[Frankfurter Judengasse|Judengasse]].
*[[1639]] &ndash; Madras (now [[Chennai]]), India, is founded by the [[East India Company|British East India Company]] on a sliver of land bought from local Nayak rulers.
*[[1642]] &ndash; [[Charles I of England|Charles I]] raises his standard in [[Nottingham]], which marks the beginning of the [[English Civil War]].
*[[1654]] &ndash; [[Jacob Barsimson]] arrives in [[New Amsterdam]]. He is the first known Jewish immigrant to America.
*[[1711]] &ndash; Britain's [[Quebec expedition (1711)|Quebec Expedition]] loses eight ships and almost nine hundred soldiers, sailors and women to rocks at [[Pointe-aux-Anglais]].
*[[1717]] &ndash; Spanish troops land on [[Sardinia]].
*[[1770]] &ndash; [[James Cook]] names and lands on [[Possession Island (Queensland)|Possession Island]], and claims the east coast of Australia for Britain as [[New South Wales]].
*[[1777]] &ndash; British forces abandon the [[Siege of Fort Stanwix]] after hearing rumors of [[Continental Army]] reinforcements.
*[[1780]] &ndash; James Cook's ship {{HMS|Resolution|1771|6}} returns to England (Cook having been killed on Hawaii during the voyage).
*[[1791]] &ndash; The [[Haiti]]an [[Haitian Revolution|slave revolution]] begins in [[Saint-Domingue|Saint-Domingue, Haiti]].
*[[1798]] &ndash; French troops land at [[Kilcummin, County Mayo]], Ireland to aid the [[Irish Rebellion of 1798|rebellion]].
*[[1827]] &ndash; [[José de La Mar]] becomes [[List of Presidents of Peru|President of Peru]].
*[[1846]] &ndash; The [[Second Federal Republic of Mexico]] is established.
*[[1849]] &ndash; [[Passaleão incident]]: [[João Maria Ferreira do Amaral]], the [[Governor of Macau|governor]] of [[Portuguese Macau]], is [[Passaleão incident#Assassination of Amaral|assassinated]] by a group of Chinese locals, triggering a military confrontation between [[Qing dynasty|China]] and [[History of Portugal (1834–1910)|Portugal]] at the [[Passaleão incident|Battle of Passaleão]] three days after.<ref>{{Cite book |last1=Ride |first1=Lindsay Tasman |title=The Voices of Macao Stones |last2=Ride |first2=Violet May |publisher=[[Hong Kong University Press]] |year=1999 |isbn=9789622094871 |edition=Abridged |location=Hong Kong |page=45 |language=en |author-link=Lindsay Tasman Ride}}</ref>
*[[1851]] &ndash; The first [[America's Cup]] is won by the [[yacht]] ''[[America (yacht)|America]]''.
*[[1864]] &ndash; Twelve nations sign the [[First Geneva Convention]], establishing the rules of protection of the victims of armed conflicts.<ref>{{Citation | last = Pictet | first = Jean S. | title = The New Geneva Conventions for the Protection of War Victims | journal = The American Journal of International Law | year = 1951 | volume = 45 | issue = 3 | pages = 462–475 | doi=10.2307/2194544| jstor = 2194544 }}</ref>
*[[1875]] &ndash; The [[Treaty of Saint Petersburg (1875)|Treaty of Saint Petersburg]] between Japan and Russia is ratified, providing for the exchange of [[Sakhalin]] for the [[Kuril Islands]].
*[[1894]] &ndash; [[Mahatma Gandhi]] forms the [[Natal Indian Congress]] (NIC) in order to fight discrimination against Indian traders in Natal.
===1901–present===
*[[1902]] &ndash; The [[Cadillac]] Motor Company is founded.
*  1902   &ndash; [[Theodore Roosevelt]] becomes the first President of the United States to make a public appearance in an automobile.
*  1902   &ndash; At least 6,000 people are killed by the magnitude 7.7 [[1902 Turkestan earthquake|Kashgar earthquake]] in the Tien Shan mountains.<ref name="Chen22">{{cite journal |last1=Chen |first1=Qingyu |last2=Fu |first2=Bihong |last3=Shi |first3=Pilong |last4=Li |first4=Zhao |editor1-last=Livio |editor1-first=Franz |editor2-last=Ferrario |editor2-first=Maria Francesca |title=Surface Deformation Associated with the 22 August 1902 Mw 7.7 Atushi Earthquake in the Southwestern Tian Shan, Revealed from Multiple Remote Sensing Data |journal=Remote Sensing |date=2022 |volume=14 |issue=7 |page=1663 |doi=10.3390/rs14071663 |publisher=[[MDPI]]|bibcode=2022RemS...14.1663C |doi-access=free }}</ref>
*[[1922]] &ndash; [[Michael Collins (Irish leader)|Michael Collins]], [[Commander-in-chief]] of the [[Irish Free State]] Army, is shot dead in an ambush during the [[Irish Civil War]].
*[[1934]] &ndash; [[Bill Woodfull]] of [[Australia national cricket team|Australia]] becomes the only [[test cricket]] captain to twice regain [[The Ashes]].
*[[1941]] &ndash; [[World War II]]: German troops begin the [[Siege of Leningrad]].
*[[1942]] &ndash; [[Brazil]] declares war on [[Germany]], Japan and [[Italy]].
*[[1944]] &ndash; World War II: [[Holocaust of Kedros]] in [[Crete]] by German forces.
*[[1949]] &ndash; The [[1949 Queen Charlotte Islands earthquake|Queen Charlotte earthquake]] is Canada's strongest since the [[1700 Cascadia earthquake]].
*[[1953]] &ndash; The [[penal colony]] on [[Devil's Island]] is permanently closed.
*[[1962]] &ndash; The [[Organisation de l'armée secrète|OAS]] [[Petit-Clamart attack|attempts to assassinate]] French president [[Charles de Gaulle]].
*[[1963]] &ndash; [[X-15 Flight 91]] reaches the highest altitude of the X-15 program ({{convert|107.96|km|mi|abbr=on}} (354,200 feet)).
*[[1965]] &ndash; [[Juan Marichal]], pitcher for the [[1965 San Francisco Giants season|San Francisco Giants]], strikes [[John Roseboro]], catcher for the [[1965 Los Angeles Dodgers season|Los Angeles Dodgers]], on the head with a [[baseball bat|bat]], sparking a [[Battle of Candlestick Park|14-minute brawl]], one of the most violent on-field incidents in sports history.<ref>{{cite magazine |last=Mann |first=Jack |url=https://www.si.com/vault/1965/08/30/605969/the-battle-of-san-francisco |title=The Battle Of San Francisco |magazine=[[Sports Illustrated]] |date=August 30, 1965}}</ref>
*[[1966]] &ndash; Labor movements [[United Farm Workers|NFWA]] and AWOC merge to become the United Farm Workers Organizing Committee (UFWOC), the predecessor of the [[United Farm Workers]].
*[[1968]] &ndash; [[Pope Paul VI]] arrives in [[Bogotá]], [[Colombia]]. It is the first visit of a pope to Latin America.
*[[1971]] &ndash; [[J. Edgar Hoover]] and [[John N. Mitchell|John Mitchell]] announce the arrest of 20 of [[the Camden 28]].
*[[1972]] &ndash; [[Rhodesia]] is expelled by the [[International Olympic Committee|IOC]] for its racist policies.
*[[1973]] &ndash; The [[Congress of Chile]] votes in favour of a resolution condemning President [[Salvador Allende]]'s government and demands that he resign or else be unseated through force and new elections.
*[[1978]] &ndash; [[Nicaraguan Revolution]]: The [[Sandinista National Liberation Front|FSLN]] seizes the [[National Congress of Nicaragua]], along with over a thousand hostages.
*  1978   &ndash; The [[District of Columbia Voting Rights Amendment]] is passed by the U.S. Congress, although it is never ratified by a sufficient number of states.
*[[1981]] &ndash; [[Far Eastern Air Transport Flight 103]] disintegrates in mid-air and crashes in [[Sanyi, Miaoli|Sanyi Township]], [[Miaoli County]], [[Taiwan]]. All 110 people on board are killed.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://aviation-safety.net/database/record.php?id=19810822-0|title=ASN Aircraft accident Boeing 737-222 B-2603 Miao-Li|last=Ranter|first=Harro|website=aviation-safety.net|access-date=2019-08-16}}</ref>
*[[1985]] &ndash; [[1985 Manchester Airport disaster|British Airtours Flight 28M]] suffers an engine fire during takeoff at [[Manchester Airport]]. The pilots abort but due to inefficient evacuation procedures 55 people are killed, mostly from smoke inhalation.
*[[1989]] &ndash; [[Nolan Ryan]] strikes out [[Rickey Henderson]] to become the first [[Major League Baseball]] [[pitcher]] to record 5,000 [[strikeout]]s.
*[[1991]] &ndash; [[Iceland]] is the first nation in the world to recognize the independence of the [[Baltic states]].
*[[1992]] &ndash; [[Federal Bureau of Investigation|FBI]] [[sniper]] [[Lon Horiuchi]] shoots and kills Vicki Weaver during an 11-day siege at her home at [[Ruby Ridge, Idaho]].
*[[1999]] &ndash; [[China Airlines Flight 642]] crashes at [[Hong Kong International Airport]], killing three people and injuring 208 more.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Ranter |first=Harro |title=ASN Aircraft accident McDonnell Douglas MD-11 B-150 Hong Kong-Chek Lap Kok International Airport (HKG) |url=https://aviation-safety.net/database/record.php?id=19990822-0 |access-date=2022-07-20 |website=aviation-safety.net |publisher=[[Aviation Safety Network]]}}</ref>
*[[2003]] &ndash; [[Alabama]] [[Chief Justice]] [[Roy Moore]] is suspended after refusing to comply with a federal court order to remove a rock inscribed with the [[Ten Commandments]] from the lobby of the [[Alabama Supreme Court]] building.
*[[2004]] &ndash; Versions of ''[[The Scream]]'' and ''[[Madonna (Munch)|Madonna]]'', two paintings by [[Edvard Munch]], are stolen at gunpoint from a museum in [[Oslo]], Norway.
*[[2006]] &ndash; [[Pulkovo Aviation Enterprise Flight 612]] crashes near the Russian border over eastern [[Ukraine]], killing all 170 people on board.
*  2006   &ndash; [[Grigori Perelman]] is awarded the [[Fields Medal]] for his proof of the [[Poincaré conjecture]] in mathematics but refuses to accept the medal.
*[[2007]] &ndash; The [[Texas Rangers (baseball)|Texas Rangers]] defeat the [[Baltimore Orioles]] 30–3, the most runs scored by a team in modern [[Major League Baseball]] history.
*[[2012]] &ndash; [[2012–13 Tana River District clashes|Ethnic clashes]] over [[grazing rights]] for cattle in Kenya's [[Tana River District]] result in more than 52 deaths.