Editing August 13 (section)

==Events==
===Pre-1600===
*[[29 BC]] &ndash; [[Octavian]] holds the first of three consecutive [[Roman triumph|triumphs]] in [[Ancient Rome|Rome]] to celebrate the victory over the [[Dalmatian tribes]].
* [[523]] &ndash; [[Pope John I|John I]] becomes the new [[Pope]] after the death of [[Pope Hormisdas]].
* [[554]] &ndash; Emperor [[Justinian I]] rewards [[Liberius (praetorian prefect)|Liberius]] for his service in the [[Pragmatic Sanction of Justinian I|Pragmatic Sanction]], granting him extensive [[Estate (land)|estate]]s in Italy.
* [[582]] &ndash; [[Maurice (emperor)|Maurice]] becomes [[Roman emperor|Emperor]] of the [[Byzantine Empire]].
* [[871]] &ndash; Emperor [[Louis II of Italy]] and Empress [[Engelberga]] are captured by Prince [[Adelchis of Benevento]].<ref>Barbara Kreutz, ''Before the Normans: Southern Italy in the Ninth and Tenth Centuries'' (University of Pennsylvania Press, 1996), pp. 46–47.</ref>
* [[900]] &ndash; Count [[Reginar, Duke of Lorraine|Reginar I of Hainault]] rises against [[Zwentibold]] of [[Lotharingia]] and slays him near present-day [[Susteren]].
*[[1099]] &ndash; Raniero is elected as [[Pope Paschal II]], who would become deeply entangled in the [[Investiture Controversy]].
*[[1516]] &ndash; The [[War of the League of Cambrai|Treaty of Noyon]] between France and Spain is signed. [[Francis I of France]] recognizes Charles's claim to [[Naples]], and [[Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor]], recognizes Francis's claim to [[Milan]].
*[[1521]] &ndash; After [[Fall of Tenochtitlan|an extended siege]], forces led by Spanish [[conquistador]] [[Hernán Cortés]] capture [[Tlatoani]] [[Cuauhtémoc]] and conquer the [[Aztec]] capital of [[Tenochtitlan]].
*[[1532]] &ndash; [[Union of Brittany and France]]: The [[Duchy of Brittany]] is absorbed into the [[Kingdom of France]].
*[[1536]] &ndash; Buddhist monks from [[Kyoto]], Japan's [[Enryaku-ji]] temple set fire to 21 [[Nichiren Buddhism|Nichiren]] temples throughout Kyoto in what will be known as the Tenbun Hokke Disturbance.
*[[1553]] &ndash; [[Michael Servetus]] is arrested by [[John Calvin]] in [[Geneva]], Switzerland as a [[Heresy in Christianity|heretic]].

===1601–1900===
*[[1624]] &ndash; The French king [[Louis XIII]] appoints [[Cardinal Richelieu]] as prime minister.
*[[1645]] &ndash; Sweden and Denmark sign [[Peace of Brömsebro]].
*[[1650]] &ndash; Colonel [[George Monck, 1st Duke of Albemarle|George Monck]] of the [[English Army]] forms Monck's Regiment of Foot, which will later become the [[Coldstream Guards]].<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.coldstreamguards-boro.org/Regimental%20History.htm |title=History of the Coldstream Guards |access-date=26 April 2014 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130906170010/http://coldstreamguards-boro.org/Regimental%20History.htm |archive-date=6 September 2013}}</ref>
*[[1704]] &ndash; [[War of the Spanish Succession]]: [[Battle of Blenheim]]: [[Kingdom of England|English]] and [[Holy Roman Empire|Imperial]] forces are victorious over [[Kingdom of France|French]] and [[Electorate of Bavaria|Bavaria]]n troops.
*[[1724]] &ndash; [[Johann Sebastian Bach]] leads the first performance of [[Nimm von uns, Herr, du treuer Gott, BWV 101|''Nimm von uns, Herr, du treuer Gott'', BWV 101]], a [[Chorale cantata cycle|chorale cantata]] on [[Vater unser im Himmelreich|a famous tune]].<ref>{{cite web
  | url = http://www.bach-digital.de/receive/BachDigitalWork_work_00000126?lang=en
  | title = Nimm von uns, Herr, du treuer Gott BWV 101; BC A 118
  | website = [[Bach Digital]]
  | date = 2024
  }}</ref>
*[[1779]] &ndash; [[American Revolutionary War]]: The [[Royal Navy]] defeats the [[Penobscot Expedition]] with the most significant loss of United States naval forces prior to the [[attack on Pearl Harbor]].
*[[1792]] &ndash; King [[Louis XVI]] of France is formally arrested by the National Tribunal, and declared an [[enemy of the people]].
*[[1806]] &ndash; [[Battle of Mišar]] during the [[Serbian Revolution]] begins. The battle ends two days later with a Serbian victory over the Ottomans.
*[[1814]] &ndash; The [[Anglo-Dutch Treaty of 1814|Convention of London]], a treaty between the United Kingdom and the [[Sovereign Principality of the United Netherlands|United Netherlands]], is signed in London, England.
*[[1868]] &ndash; The 8.5–9.0 {{M|w}} [[1868 Arica earthquake|Arica earthquake]] struck southern [[Peru]] with a maximum [[Mercalli intensity scale|Mercalli intensity]] of XI (''Extreme''), causing 25,000+ deaths and a destructive basin wide [[tsunami]] that affected Hawaii and New Zealand.
*[[1889]] &ndash; William Gray of [[Hartford, Connecticut]] is granted United States Patent Number 408,709 for "Coin-controlled apparatus for telephones."<ref>{{cite web |url=https://docs.google.com/viewer?url=patentimages.storage.googleapis.com/pdfs/US408709.pdf |title=Coin-controlled apparatus for telephones |website=google.com |access-date=13 August 2017 |archive-date=2 April 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200402133309/https://docs.google.com/viewer?url=patentimages.storage.googleapis.com%2Fpdfs%2FUS408709.pdf |url-status=live }}</ref>
*[[1898]] &ndash; [[Spanish–American War]]: Spanish and American forces engage in a [[Battle of Manila (1898)|mock battle]] for [[Manila]], after which the Spanish commander surrendered in order to keep the city out of Filipino rebel hands.<ref>{{cite book|last=Young|first=Kenneth Ray|chapter=MacArthur, Arthur|title=The War of 1898, and U.S. Interventions, 1898–1934: An Encyclopedia|editor-last=Beede|editor-first=Benjamin R.|location=Florence, Ky.|publisher=Taylor & Francis|date=1994|isbn=9780824056247|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=cf-AAAAAQBAJ|page=275|access-date=2020-08-13|archive-date=2016-05-03|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160503105529/https://books.google.com/books?id=cf-AAAAAQBAJ|url-status=live}}</ref>
*  1898   &ndash; [[Carl Gustav Witt]] discovers [[433 Eros]], the first [[near-Earth asteroid]] to be found.
*[[1900]] &ndash; The steamer [[SS Deutschland (1900)|Deutschland]] of [[Hamburg America Line]]s set a new record for the eastward passage when it docked on [[Plymouth]], England, five days, 11 hours and 45 minutes after sailing from New York, breaking by three hours, six minutes its previous mark in its maiden voyage in July.<ref>{{cite book|first=Jacques|last=Legrand|title=Chronicle of the 20th Century|publisher=Ecam Publication|year=1987|page=18|isbn=0-942191-01-3}}</ref>

===1901–present===
*[[1905]] &ndash; Norwegians [[1905 Norwegian union dissolution referendum|vote]] to end the union with Sweden.
*[[1906]] &ndash; The all black infantrymen of the U.S. Army's [[25th Infantry Regiment (United States)|25th Infantry Regiment]] [[Brownsville Affair|are accused]] of killing a white bartender and wounding a white police officer in [[Brownsville, Texas]], despite exculpatory evidence; all are later dishonorably discharged. (Their records were later restored to reflect honorable discharges but there were no financial settlements.)
*[[1913]] &ndash; First production in the UK of [[stainless steel]] by [[Harry Brearley]].
*[[1918]] &ndash; Women enlist in the [[United States Marine Corps]] for the first time. [[Opha May Johnson]] is the first woman to enlist.
*  1918   &ndash; Bayerische Motoren Werke AG ([[BMW]]) [[History of BMW#BMW GmbH goes public|established as a public company]] in Germany.
*[[1920]] &ndash; [[Polish–Soviet War]]: The [[Battle of Warsaw (1920)|Battle of Warsaw]] begins and will last till [[August 25]]. The [[Red Army]] is defeated.
*[[1937]] &ndash; [[Second Sino-Japanese War]]: The [[Battle of Shanghai]] begins.
*[[1942]] &ndash; Major General [[Eugene Reybold]] of the [[United States Army Corps of Engineers|U.S. Army Corps of Engineers]] authorizes the construction of facilities that would house the "Development of Substitute Materials" project, better known as the [[Manhattan Project]].
*[[1944]] &ndash; [[World War II]]: German troops begin the [[Razing of Anogeia|pillage and razing of Anogeia]] in [[Crete]] that would continue until [[September 5]].
*[[1954]] &ndash; [[Pakistan Broadcasting Corporation|Radio Pakistan]] broadcasts the "[[Qaumi Taranah|Qaumī Tarāna]]", the [[national anthem]] of [[Pakistan]] for the first time.
*[[1960]] &ndash; The [[Central African Republic]] declares independence from France.
*[[1961]] &ndash; [[Cold War]]: [[East Germany]] closes the border between the [[East Berlin|eastern]] and [[West Berlin|western sectors]] of [[Berlin]] to thwart its inhabitants' attempts to escape to the [[Western world|West]], and construction of the [[Berlin Wall]] is started.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.berlin.de/mauer/en/history/construction-of-the-berlin-wall/ |title=Construction of the Berlin Wall |website=Berlin.de |access-date=12 August 2017 |archive-date=16 November 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181116075756/https://www.berlin.de/mauer/en/history/construction-of-the-berlin-wall/ |url-status=live }}</ref> The day is known as [[Barbed Wire Sunday]]. 
*[[1964]] &ndash; Peter Allen and Gwynne Evans are hanged for the [[murder of John Alan West]] becoming the last people [[Capital punishment in the United Kingdom|executed in the United Kingdom]].
*[[1967]] &ndash; Two young women became the first fatal victims of [[Night of the Grizzlies|grizzly bear attacks]] in the 57-year history of Montana's [[Glacier National Park (U.S.)|Glacier National Park]] in separate incidents.<ref>{{cite book |last1=Olsen |first1=Jack |title=Night of the grizzlies |date=1996 |publisher=Homestead Pub. |location=Moose, Wyo. |isbn=0-943972-48-5}}</ref>
*[[1968]] &ndash; [[Alexandros Panagoulis]] attempts to assassinate the Greek [[Greek military junta of 1967–1974|dictator]] Colonel [[Georgios Papadopoulos]] in [[Varkiza]], [[Athens]].
*[[1969]] &ndash; The [[Apollo 11]] astronauts enjoy a [[ticker-tape parade]] in New York City.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Taylor |first1=Alan |title=The Year Men Walked on the Moon |url=https://www.theatlantic.com/photo/2014/07/45-years-ago-we-landed-men-on-the-moon/100775/ |access-date=October 24, 2017 |work=The Atlantic |date=July 15, 2014 |archive-date=October 25, 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171025074458/https://www.theatlantic.com/photo/2014/07/45-years-ago-we-landed-men-on-the-moon/100775/ |url-status=live }}</ref> That evening, at a [[State banquet|state dinner]] in [[Los Angeles]], they are awarded the [[Presidential Medal of Freedom]] by U.S. President [[Richard Nixon]].<ref>{{cite web |title=Richard Nixon: Remarks at a Dinner in Los Angeles Honoring the Apollo 11 Astronauts |url=http://www.presidency.ucsb.edu/ws/?pid=2202 |website=The American Presidency Project |access-date=October 24, 2017 |date=August 13, 1969 |archive-date=September 2, 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180902011826/http://www.presidency.ucsb.edu/ws/?pid=2202 |url-status=live }}</ref>
*[[1973]] &ndash; [[Aviaco Flight 118]] crashes on approach to [[A Coruña Airport]] in [[A Coruña]], Spain, killing all 85 people on the plane and one other one the ground.<ref>{{Cite web|last=Ranter|first=Harro|title=ASN Aircraft accident Sud Aviation SE-210 Caravelle 10R EC-BIC La Coruña Airport (LCG)|url=https://aviation-safety.net/database/record.php?id=19730813-0|url-status=live|access-date=2021-08-12|website=aviation-safety.net|publisher=[[Aviation Safety Network]]|archive-date=2020-06-12|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200612233759/https://aviation-safety.net/database/record.php?id=19730813-0}}</ref>
*[[1977]] &ndash; Members of the [[National Front (UK)|British National Front]] (NF) [[Battle of Lewisham|clash]] with anti-NF demonstrators in [[Lewisham]], London, resulting in 214 arrests and at least 111 injuries.
*[[1978]] &ndash; One hundred fifty [[Palestinian people|Palestinians]] in [[Beirut]] are [[Tel al-Zaatar massacre|killed]] in a [[List of terrorist incidents|terrorist attack]] during the [[Lebanese Civil War#Second phase of the war, 1977-82|second phase]] of the [[Lebanese Civil War]].
*[[1990]] &ndash; A mainland Chinese fishing boat ''[[Min Ping Yu No. 5202]]'' is hit by a Taiwanese naval vessel and sinks in a repatriation operation of mainland Chinese immigrants, resulting in 21 deaths. This is the second tragedy less than a month after [[Min Ping Yu No. 5540 incident|''Min Ping Yu No. 5540'' incident]].<ref name="cts0814">{{cite news|title=閩平漁5202號偷渡客獲救與撞船原因探討|url=http://news.cts.com.tw/cts/politics/199008/199008141780881.html|work=中華電視公司|date=1990-08-14|access-date=2019-08-12|archive-date=2019-08-12|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190812200955/http://news.cts.com.tw/cts/politics/199008/199008141780881.html|url-status=live}}</ref>
*[[2004]] &ndash; One hundred fifty-six [[Democratic Republic of the Congo|Congolese]] [[Tutsi]] refugees are massacred at the [[Gatumba]] [[refugee camp]] in [[Burundi]].
*[[2008]] &ndash; [[Russo-Georgian War]]: Russian units [[Occupation of Gori|occupy]] the Georgian city of [[Gori, Georgia|Gori]].
*[[2014]] &ndash; A [[Cessna Citation Excel]] [[2014 Santos Cessna Citation crash|crashes]] in [[Santos, São Paulo]], Brazil killing all seven people aboard, including [[Brazilian Socialist Party]] presidential candidate [[Eduardo Campos]].<ref>{{cite web |date=13 August 2014 |title=8 people die after a plane crashed in Brazil |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-latin-america-28778604 |accessdate=13 August 2014 |publisher=BBC News}}</ref>
*[[2015]] &ndash; At least 76 people are killed and 212 others are wounded in a [[2015 Sadr City market truck bombing|truck bombing]] in [[Baghdad]], Iraq.
*[[2020]] &ndash; [[Israel–United Arab Emirates relations]] are formally established.<ref>{{cite web | url =https://www.foxnews.com/politics/trump-israel-uae-peace-agreement | title =Trump announces 'Historic Peace Agreement' between Israel, UAE | last =Singman | first =Brooke | date =14 August 2020 | website =Fox News | access-date =16 August 2020 | archive-date =2 February 2021 | archive-url =https://web.archive.org/web/20210202111051/https://www.foxnews.com/politics/trump-israel-uae-peace-agreement | url-status =live }}</ref>