Editing August 11 (section)

==Events==
===Pre-1600===
*[[32nd century BC|3114 BC]] &ndash; The [[Mesoamerican Long Count calendar]], used by several [[Pre-Columbian era|pre-Columbian]] [[Mesoamerica]]n civilizations, notably the [[Maya civilization|Maya]], begins.
*[[25th century BC|2492 BC]] &ndash; Traditional date of the defeat of [[Bel (mythology)|Bel]] by [[Hayk]], progenitor and founder of the [[Armenians|Armenian]] nation.
*[[AD 106|106]] &ndash; The south-western part of [[Dacia]] (modern [[Romania]]) becomes a [[Roman province]]: [[Roman Dacia]].
*[[AD 117|117]] &ndash; [[Hadrian]] is proclaimed [[Roman emperor]], two days after [[Trajan]]'s death.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.britannica.com/biography/Hadrian |title=Biography of Hadrian - Britannica |date=11 March 2024 | access-date=28 March 2024 }}</ref>
* [[355]] &ndash; [[Claudius Silvanus]], accused of treason, proclaims himself [[Roman emperor|Roman Emperor]] against [[Constantius II]].
* [[490]] &ndash; Battle of Adda: The [[Goths]] under [[Theodoric the Great]] and his ally [[Alaric II]] defeat the forces of [[Odoacer]] on the [[Adda River, Italy|Adda River]], near [[Milan]].
* [[923]] &ndash; The [[Qarmatians]] of [[Bahrayn (historical region)|Bahrayn]] [[Sack of Basra (923)|capture and pillage]] the city of [[Basra]].<ref>{{cite book | last=Halm | first=Heinz | authorlink = Heinz Halm | title = Das Reich des Mahdi: Der Aufstieg der Fatimiden | language = German | trans-title = The Empire of the Mahdi: The Rise of the Fatimids | publisher = C. H. Beck | location = Munich | year = 1991 | isbn = 3-406-35497-1 | page =226}}</ref>
*[[1315]] &ndash; The [[Great Famine of 1315–1317|Great Famine of Europe]] becomes so dire that even the king of England has difficulties buying bread for himself and his entourage.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://edwardthesecond.blogspot.com/2009/01/great-famine-1315-to-1317.html |title=Edward II: The Great Famine, 1315 to 1317 |work=Edward II |first=Kathryn |last=Warner |access-date=21 October 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110708034436/http://edwardthesecond.blogspot.com/2009/01/great-famine-1315-to-1317.html |archive-date=8 July 2011 |url-status=live |date=28 January 2009 }}</ref>
*[[1332]] &ndash; [[Wars of Scottish Independence]]: [[Battle of Dupplin Moor]]: Scots under [[Domhnall II, Earl of Mar]] are routed by [[Edward Balliol]].
*[[1473]] &ndash; The [[Battle of Otlukbeli]]: [[Mehmed the Conqueror]] of the [[Ottoman Empire]] decisively defeats [[Uzun Hassan]] of [[Aq Qoyunlu]].
*[[1492]] &ndash; Rodrigo de Borja is elected as Head of the Catholic Church, taking the name [[Pope Alexander VI]].<ref>{{Cite book |last=Norwich |first=John Julius |title=Absolute Monarchs: A History of the Papacy |publisher=Random House Publishing Group |year=2012 |location=United States}}</ref>
===1601–1900===
*[[1675]] &ndash; [[Franco-Dutch War]]: Forces of the [[Holy Roman Empire]] defeat the [[France|French]] in the [[Battle of Konzer Brücke]].
*[[1685]] &ndash; [[Morean War]]: The 49-day [[Siege of Coron (1685)|Siege of Coron]] ends with the surrender and massacre of its garrison by the Venetians.<ref>{{cite book | last=Setton | first=Kenneth Meyer | author-link=Kenneth Setton | title=Venice, Austria, and the Turks in the Seventeenth Century | publisher=The American Philosophical Society | location=Philadelphia | year=1991 | isbn=0-87169-192-2 | url=https://books.google.com/books?id=XN51y209fR8C | page = 296}}</ref>
*[[1786]] &ndash; Captain [[Francis Light]] establishes the British colony of [[Penang]] in [[Malaysia]].
*[[1804]] &ndash; [[Francis II, Holy Roman Emperor|Francis II]] assumes the title of first [[Emperor of Austria]].
*[[1812]] &ndash; [[Peninsular War]]: French troops engage [[United Kingdom|British]]-[[Portugal|Portuguese]] forces in the [[Battle of Majadahonda]].
*[[1813]] &ndash; In [[Colombia]], Juan del Corral declares the independence of [[Antioquia Department|Antioquia]].
*[[1858]] &ndash; The [[Eiger]] in the [[Bernese Alps]] is ascended for the first time by [[Charles Barrington (mountaineer)|Charles Barrington]] accompanied by [[Christian Almer]] and [[Peter Bohren]].
*[[1871]] &ndash; An [[Stowmarket Guncotton Explosion|explosion of guncotton occurs in Stowmarket]], England, killing 28.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Black |first1=Don |title=Abiding mystery of the Stowmarket gun cotton explosion |url=https://www.edp24.co.uk/lifestyle/1871-tragedy-which-cost-23-lives-1214184 |work=Eastern Daily Press |date=5 May 2018 |language=en-UK}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal |last1=P |first1=H. B. |title=The Gun-Cotton Explosion at Stowmarket |journal=Nature |pages=309 |language=en |doi=10.1038/004309a0 |date=1 August 1871|volume=4 |issue=94 |bibcode=1871Natur...4..309H |s2cid=4062485 |doi-access=free }}</ref>
*[[1898]] &ndash; [[Spanish–American War]]: American troops enter the city of [[Mayagüez, Puerto Rico]].

===1901–present===
*[[1918]] &ndash; [[World War I]]: The [[Battle of Amiens (1918)|Battle of Amiens]] ends.
*[[1919]] &ndash; Germany's [[Weimar Constitution]] is signed into law.<ref>Nohlen, D & Stöver, P (2010) ''Elections in Europe: A data handbook'', p762 {{ISBN|978-3-8329-5609-7}}</ref>
*[[1920]] &ndash; The [[1920 Cork hunger strike]] begins which eventually results in the deaths of three [[Irish republicanism|Irish Republicans]] including the Lord Mayor of Cork [[Terence MacSwiney]].<ref>{{Cite news|date=18 October 1920|title=Hunger Striker Dies in Cork Jail After 68-Day Fast|work=[[New York Times]]|url=https://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1920/10/18/102903151.pdf|access-date=20 April 2023}}</ref>
*  1920   &ndash; The [[Latvian–Soviet Peace Treaty]], which relinquished [[Russia]]'s authority and pretenses to [[Latvia]], is signed, ending the [[Latvian War of Independence]].
*[[1929]] &ndash; [[Babe Ruth]] becomes the first [[baseball]] player to hit [[500 home run club|500]] [[home run]]s in his career with a home run at [[League Park]] in [[Cleveland, Ohio]].
*[[1934]] &ndash; The first civilian prisoners arrive at the [[Alcatraz Federal Penitentiary|Federal prison]] on [[Alcatraz Island]].
*[[1942]] &ndash; Actress [[Hedy Lamarr]] and composer [[George Antheil]] receive a patent for a [[Frequency-hopping spread spectrum]] communication system that later became the basis for modern technologies in wireless telephones, two-way radio communications, and [[Wi-Fi]].
*[[1945]] &ndash; Poles in [[Kraków]] engage in [[Kraków pogrom|a pogrom]] against Jews in the city, killing one and wounding five.
*[[1952]] &ndash; [[Hussein of Jordan|Hussein bin Talal]] is proclaimed King of [[Jordan]].
*[[1959]] &ndash; [[Sheremetyevo International Airport]], the second-largest airport in Russia, opens.
*[[1960]] &ndash; [[Chad]] declares independence from France.
*[[1961]] &ndash; The former Portuguese territories in [[India]] of [[Dadra DNH|Dadra]] and [[Nagar Haveli DNH|Nagar Haveli]] are merged to create the [[Union Territory]] [[Dadra and Nagar Haveli]].
*[[1962]] &ndash; [[Vostok 3]] launches from the [[Baikonur Cosmodrome]] and cosmonaut [[Andrian Nikolayev]] becomes the first person to float in [[Micro-g environment|microgravity]].
*[[1965]] &ndash; Race riots (the [[Watts Riots]]) begin in the [[Watts, Los Angeles|Watts]] area of [[Los Angeles|Los Angeles, California]].
*[[1969]] &ndash; The [[Apollo 11]] astronauts are released from a three-week [[quarantine]] following their liftoff from the Moon.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Ertel |first1=Ivan D. |last2=Newkirk |first2=Roland W. |last3=Brooks |first3=Courtney G. |title=The Apollo Spacecraft - A Chronology. Vol. IV. Part 3 (1969 3rd quarter) |url=https://history.nasa.gov/SP-4009/v4p3e.htm |website=NASA History Program Office |publisher=NASA |access-date=October 24, 2017 |page=312 |year=1978}}</ref>
*[[1972]] &ndash; [[Vietnam War]]: The last United States ground combat unit leaves [[South Vietnam]].
*[[1973]] &ndash; At the [[1520 Sedgwick Avenue]] apartment building in [[The Bronx]], New York, [[DJ Kool Herc]] hosts a house party widely considered to mark the birthplace of [[Hip hop music|hip hop]] culture and music. <ref>{{Citation |title=1520 Sedgwick Avenue |date=2024-11-17 |work=Wikipedia |url=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1520_Sedgwick_Avenue |access-date=2024-11-24 |language=en}}</ref> DJ Kool Herc demonstrates a new technique of [[beat juggling]] and [[Coke La Rock]] performs a new style of vocal performance called [[rapping]].
*[[1975]] &ndash; [[East Timor]]: Governor [[Mário Lemos Pires]] of [[Portuguese Timor]] abandons the capital [[Dili]], following a coup by the [[Timorese Democratic Union]] (UDT) and the outbreak of civil war between UDT and [[Fretilin]].
*[[1979]] &ndash; Two [[Aeroflot]] [[Tupolev Tu-134]]s [[1979 Dniprodzerzhynsk mid-air collision|collide]] over the [[Ukraine|Ukrainian]] city of [[Kamianske|Dniprodzerzhynsk]] and crash, killing all 178 aboard both airliners.
*[[1982]] &ndash; A bomb explodes on [[Pan Am Flight 830]], en route from [[Tokyo|Tokyo, Japan]] to [[Honolulu|Honolulu, Hawaii]], killing one passenger and injuring 15 others.
*[[1984]] &ndash; "[[We begin bombing in five minutes]]": [[President of the United States|United States President]] [[Ronald Reagan]], while running for re-election, jokes while preparing to make his weekly Saturday address on [[NPR|National Public Radio]].
*[[1988]] &ndash; A meeting between [[Sayyed Imam Al-Sharif]], [[Osama bin Laden]], [[Abdullah Yusuf Azzam]], and leaders of [[Egyptian Islamic Jihad]] in [[Afghanistan]] culminates in the formation of [[Al-Qaeda]].<ref>{{Cite magazine |date=2008-05-23 |title=The Rebellion Within |url=https://www.newyorker.com/magazine/2008/06/02/the-rebellion-within |access-date=2022-08-11 |magazine=The New Yorker |language=en-US}}</ref>
*[[1991]] &ndash; [[Nickelodeon]]'s first line of “[[Nicktoons]]” ([[Doug (TV series)|Doug]], [[Rugrats]] & [[The Ren & Stimpy Show|Ren & Stimpy]]) premiere on the channel.
*[[1992]] &ndash; The [[Mall of America]] in Bloomington, Minnesota opens. At the time the largest shopping mall in the United States.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.mallofamerica.com/about|title=About|website=Mall of America|access-date=2021-08-11}}</ref>
*[[2000]] &ndash; An [[air rage]] incident occurs on board [[Southwest Airlines Flight 1763]] when 19-year-old Jonathan Burton attempts to storm the cockpit, but he is subdued by other passengers and dies from his injuries.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.cbsnews.com/news/a-death-on-descent/|title=A Death On Descent|website=www.cbsnews.com|date=21 September 2000 |language=en-US|access-date=2019-08-06}}</ref>
*[[2003]] &ndash; [[NATO]] takes over command of the [[International Security Assistance Force|peacekeeping force]] in [[Afghanistan]], marking its first major operation outside [[Europe]] in its 54-year-history.
*  2003   &ndash; [[Jemaah Islamiyah]] leader [[Riduan Isamuddin]], better known as Hambali, is arrested in [[Bangkok]], [[Thailand]].
*[[2006]] &ndash; The [[oil tanker]] MT ''Solar 1'' sinks off the coast of [[Guimaras]] and [[Negros (island)|Negros]] Islands in the [[Philippines]], causing the country's [[Guimaras oil spill|worst oil spill]].
*[[2012]] &ndash; At least 306 people are killed and 3,000 others injured in [[2012 East Azerbaijan earthquakes|a pair of earthquakes]] near [[Tabriz|Tabriz, Iran]].
*[[2017]] &ndash; At least 41 people are killed and another 179 injured after two passenger trains [[Alexandria train collision|collide]] in [[Alexandria]], [[Egypt]].
*[[2023]] &ndash; [[Luna 25]] launches from the [[Vostochny Cosmodrome]].<ref name="tass-20230605">{{cite web |url=https://tass.ru/kosmos/17932551 |title=Запуск первой в истории современной России миссии на Луну запланировали на 11 августа |trans-title=The launch of the first mission to the Moon in the history of modern Russia was scheduled for August 11 |language=ru |date=5 June 2023 |access-date=5 June 2023 |work=TASS}}</ref>