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==History and approach== In medieval astrology, certain aspects and [[planet]]s were considered to be either favorable ([[Benefic planet|benefic]]) or unfavorable ([[Malefic planet|malefic]]). Modern usage places less emphasis on these fatalistic distinctions. The more modern approach to astrological aspects is exemplified by research on astrological harmonics. In 1619, [[Johannes Kepler]] advocates this in his book ''[[Harmonice Mundi]]''. Thereafter, [[John Addey (astrologer)|John Addey]] was a major proponent. However, even in modern times, aspects are considered to be either easy (60° ''[[Astrological aspect#Sextile|Sextile]]'' or 120° ''[[trine (astrological aspect)|Trine]]'') or hard (90° ''[[Square]]'' or 180° ''[[opposition (astrology)|Opposition]]''). Depending on the involved planets, a ''[[Conjunction (astrology)|Conjunction]]'' (0°, which is a discounting [[Celestial orb|orb]]) may be in either category. Easy aspects may be positive, because they enhance opportunity for talent to grow. Hard aspects may be negative, because they enhance a challenge where an adjustment must be made to reach balance. Typically, manifestation may occur with a Conjunction, Square or Opposition. Planets may be considered. [[Mars]] and [[Uranus]] tend to ignite while [[Saturn]] and [[Neptune]] inhibit. Whether a planet is [[Retrograde and prograde motion|direct]] or [[Retrograde and prograde motion|retrograde]] is of great significance. An [[eclipse]] of the Sun or Moon is even more significant. The [[South Node]] of the Moon denotes innate wisdom from past experience while the [[North Node]] denotes karma and evolution. Astrological [[Astrological sign|Signs]] may be considered. For example, the fire signs of [[Aries (astrology)|Aries]], [[Leo (astrology)|Leo]] and [[Sagittarius (astrology)|Sagittarius]] are more compatible with the air signs of [[Gemini (astrology)|Gemini]], [[Libra (astrology)|Libra]] and [[Aquarius (astrology)|Aquarius]]. The Earth signs of [[Taurus (astrology)|Taurus]], [[Virgo (astrology)|Virgo]] and [[Capricorn (astrology)|Capricorn]] are more compatible with the water signs of [[Cancer]], [[Scorpio (astrology)|Scorpio]] and [[Pisces (astrology)|Pisces]]. The mutable signs of Gemini, Virgo, Sagittarius and Pisces may be flexible. The cardinal signs of Aries, Cancer, Libra and Capricorn may change their mind. The fixed signs of Taurus, Leo, Scorpio and Aquarius may be difficult. Astrological [[House (astrology)|Houses]] may be considered. === Ptolemaic Aspects=== Since they were defined and used by [[Ptolemy]] in the 1st Century AD, the traditional major aspects are sometimes called '''Ptolemaic Aspects'''. These aspects are the Conjunction (0°), Sextile (60°), Square (90°), Trine (120°), and Opposition (180°). Major aspects are those that are divisible by 10 and evenly divided in relation to 360° (with the exception of the Semisextile and the Novile).<ref>[https://books.google.com/books?id=iqOODwAAQBAJ Claudius Ptolemy, Harmonics, book III, Chapter 9]</ref> When calculating or using aspects, it is important to note that different astrologers and separate astrological systems/traditions utilize differing [[Celestial orb|orbs]], which is the degree of separation between exactitude. Orbs may also be subject to variation, depending on the need for detail and personal preferences. Although, when compared to other aspects, almost all astrologers use a larger orb for a Conjunction. === Kepler's Aspects=== Collective astrological data along with [[Johannes Kepler]] described 13 aspects in his book ''[[Harmonice Mundi]]''. Astrological data grouped together in five degrees of influentially picked from symbol ratios encountered in geometry and music: 0/2, 1/2, 1/5, 2/6, 1/3, 1/12 along with 1/5, 2/5, 15/5, 10, 10/3, 8, and 8/3. The general names for whole divisors are ([[Numeral prefix|Latin]]) ''n''-ile for whole fractions 1/''n'', and ''m''-''n''-ile for fraction ''m''/''n''. A Semi-''n''-tile is a ''2n''-tile, 1/(2''n''), and Sesqui-n-tile is a Tri-2''n''-tile, 3/(2''n''). All aspects can be seen as small whole number [[harmonic]]s, (1/''n'' of 360°). Multiples of ''m''/''n'' create new aspects where there are no common factors between ''n'' and ''m'', [[greatest common divisor|gcd]](n,m)=1. {| class=wikitable |+ General Aspects !Degree of<BR>Influentiality||colspan=2|First|| colspan="2" |Second ! colspan="2" |Third|| colspan="3" |Fourth||colspan=4|Fifth |- !Aspect|| [[#Conjunction|Conjunction]]||[[#Opposition|Opposition]]||[[#Trine|Trine]]<BR>Bisextile ![[#Square|Square]]<BR>Quartile||[[#Sextile|Sextile]]<BR>Semitrine||[[#Semisextile|Semisextile]]<BR>Duodecile||[[#Quincunx|Quincunx]]<BR>Quinduodecile||[[#Quintile|Quintile]]<BR>Bidecile||Biquintile||[[#Octile|Octile]]<BR>Semisquare||Trioctile<BR>Sesquiquadrate||[[#Decile|Decile]]<BR>Semiquintile||Tridecile<BR>Sesquiquintile |- align=center !Glyph |[[Image:Conjunction symbol.svg|64px]]||[[Image:Opposition symbol.svg|64px]]||[[Image:Trine symbol.svg|64px]] |[[Image:Square symbol.svg|64px]]||[[Image:Sextile symbol.svg|64px]]||[[File:Semisextile symbol.svg|54px]] |[[File:Quincunx symbol.svg|54px]]||<big><big>Q</big></big>||<big><big>bQ</big></big>||[[File:Semisquare symbol.svg|64px]]||[[File:Sesquisquare symbol.svg|64px]]||[[File:Up_tack.svg|56px]]||[[File:Up_tack.svg|56px]]<sup>3</sup> |- align=center !Angle |0°||180°||120° |90°||60°||30°||150°||72°||144°||45°||135°||36°||108° |- align=center !Fraction | '''0/2''' ||'''1/2'''|| '''1/3''' |'''1/4'''||'''1/6'''||'''1/12'''||5/12||'''1/5'''||2/5||'''1/8'''||3/8||'''1/10'''||3/10 |- align=center valign=bottom !valign=center|[[Regular polygon|Regular<BR>Polygon]] |[[File:Monogon.svg|64px]]<BR>[[Monogon]] || [[File:Digon.svg|64px]]<BR>[[Digon]] || [[File:Regular_polygon_3_annotated.svg|64px]]<BR>[[Equilateral triangle|Triangle]] |[[File:Regular_polygon_4_annotated.svg|64px]]<BR>[[Square]]|| [[File:Regular_polygon_6_annotated.svg|64px]]<BR>[[Regular hexagon|Hexagon]] ||[[File:Regular_polygon_12_annotated.svg|64px]]<BR>[[Dodecagon]] |[[File:Regular star polygon 12-5.svg|64px]]<BR>[[Dodecagram]]||[[File:Regular_polygon_5_annotated.svg|64px]]<BR>[[Pentagon]] || [[File:Five_Pointed_Star_Lined.svg|64px]]<BR>[[Pentagram]]||[[File:Regular_polygon_8_annotated.svg|64px]]<BR>[[Octagon]] || [[File:Regular star polygon 8-3.svg|64px]]<BR>[[Octagram]]||[[File:Regular_polygon_10_annotated.svg|64px]]<BR>[[Decagon]] ||[[File:Regular star polygon 10-3.svg|64px]]<BR>[[Decagram (geometry)|Decagram]] |}
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