Editing Armed Forces of Tajikistan (section)

==History==
[[File:2015 Victory Day Parade in Moscow 11.jpg|thumb|left|Tajik military personnel at the Victory Parade on May 9, 2015 in Red Square, Russia.]]
=== Background ===
Unlike the other former Soviet states of Central Asia, [[Tajikistan]] did not form armed forces based upon former Soviet units on its territory. Instead, the Russian [[Ministry of Defence (Russia)|Ministry of Defence]] took control of the [[Dushanbe]]-based 201st Motor Rifle Division. Control simply shifted from the former district headquarters in [[Tashkent]], which was in now-independent [[Uzbekistan]], to Moscow. Also present in Tajikistan was a large contingent of Soviet border guards, which transitioned into a Russian-officered force with Tajik conscripts. For a long period a [[Commonwealth of Independent States|CIS]] peacekeeping force, built around the 201st MRD, were in place in the country.

=== Establishment and the Civil War ===
On 18 December 1992, the Chairman of the [[Supreme Assembly (Tajikistan)|Supreme Council of Tajikistan]] [[Emomali Rahmon]] signed the Resolution "On the Establishment of the Armed Forces of the Republic of Tajikistan" on the basis of the Popular Front and the forces supporting the constitutional government.<ref>{{cite web|title=Ба ғайрату матонат, далериву шуҷоат ва ҳисси баланди миллии афсарону сарбозони бонангу номуси Ватан бовар дорем ва аз онҳо ифтихор мекунем|url=https://www.tajmedun.tj/tj/nazare-ba/i-timoiyet/ba-ayratu-matonat-dalerivu-shu-oat-va-issi-balandi-millii-afsaronu-sarbozoni-bonangu-nomusi-vatan-bo/|access-date=2021-05-05|website=tajmedun.tj|archive-date=5 August 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200805194047/https://www.tajmedun.tj/tj/nazare-ba/i-timoiyet/ba-ayratu-matonat-dalerivu-shu-oat-va-issi-balandi-millii-afsaronu-sarbozoni-bonangu-nomusi-vatan-bo/|url-status=live}}</ref> The [[Popular Front of Tajikistan|Popular Front]] sported paramilitary formations who were armed by former President [[Rahmon Nabiyev]].<ref>{{cite web|date=2017-10-12|title=Tajikistan: President Meets With Popular Front Commanders|url=https://www.rferl.org/a/1085952.html|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171012062723/https://www.rferl.org/a/1085952.html|url-status=dead|archive-date=2017-10-12|access-date=2021-05-05}}</ref> On 23 February 1993, in the center of Dushanbe, the first [[military parade]] of militants of the Popular Front was held, which has since been considered the [[Armed Forces Day (Tajikistan)|day the military formed]].<ref>{{cite web|url=https://rus.ozodi.org/a/27652827.html|title=GFP: Таджикистан до сих пор не имеет военных самолетов|access-date=12 May 2020|archive-date=1 October 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221001170339/https://rus.ozodi.org/amp/27652827.html|url-status=live}}</ref> Due to the presence of Russian forces in the country and the [[Tajikistani Civil War]], Tajikistan only formally legalised the existence of its armed forces in April 1994.<ref>Jane's World Armies 2004</ref> During the 1990s, the armed forces were often suffered from a poor commanded structure and poor discipline while their equipment was under-maintained. Draft-dodging and desertion was commonplace. Reflecting the fragmented militia group origin of the army's units, in late 1995 the 1st (led by [[Mahmud Khudoiberdiyev]]) and 11th Brigades (led by [[Faizali Saidov]]<ref>{{cite web|title=ГИРЕҲ ДАР ГУЛӮ|url=https://www.kamolov.tj/index.php/ru/publitsistika/56-fajzali-saidov|access-date=2021-05-05|website=kamolov.tj|language=ru-ru|archive-date=18 May 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210518034144/https://www.kamolov.tj/index.php/ru/publitsistika/56-fajzali-saidov|url-status=live}}</ref>) of the Army exchanged fire several times, and fighting again broke out between the Army Rapid Reaction Brigade (formerly the Mahmud Brigade) and the Presidential Guard in June 1996. Colonel [[Mahmud Khudoiberdiyev|Khudoiberdiev]], commander of the Rapid Reaction Brigade was relieved of his command as a result.<ref>{{cite web|date=1997-01-28|title=Война и мир / Таджикский след|url=https://www.kommersant.ru/doc/13242|access-date=2021-05-14|website=kommersant.ru|language=ru|archive-date=14 May 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210514014418/https://www.kommersant.ru/doc/13242|url-status=live}}</ref>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;

=== Post-war to present ===
[[File:Tajik National Army members 02.jpg|thumb|left|Tajik Army soldiers]]
Following a 1997 treaty between the Rahmon government and the [[United Tajik Opposition]],<ref name="GlobalSecurity1">{{cite web|author=John Pike|title=Tajikistan- Army|url=http://www.globalsecurity.org/military/world/centralasia/tajik-army.htm|access-date=2013-09-22|publisher=GlobalSecurity.org|archive-date=3 December 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131203195532/http://www.globalsecurity.org/military/world/centralasia/tajik-army.htm|url-status=live}}</ref> several UTO units became part of the National Army, becoming some of its most experienced units. Popular Front units also were incorporated into the Tajik regular army, although many units, such as the First Brigade, maintained its autonomy.<ref>{{cite news|title=Tajikistan: Who Is The Man Who Brought Renewed Turmoil?|url=https://www.rferl.org/a/1086096.html|access-date=2021-05-09|newspaper=Radio Free Europe/Radio Liberty|date=9 April 2008 |language=en|archive-date=9 May 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210509042405/https://www.rferl.org/a/1086096.html|url-status=live |last1=Pannier |first1=Bruce }}</ref> Russian military advisors formed a committee in the Ministry of Defense that year that established a system of operational training throughout the armed forces.<ref>{{cite web|title=The Army in Tajikistan: Ten Years of Independence|url=https://www.cacianalyst.org/publications/analytical-articles/item/7189-analytical-articles-caci-analyst-2003-3-12-art-7189.html?tmpl=component&print=1|access-date=2021-05-03|website=cacianalyst.org|language=en|archive-date=3 May 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210503004215/https://www.cacianalyst.org/publications/analytical-articles/item/7189-analytical-articles-caci-analyst-2003-3-12-art-7189.html?tmpl=component&print=1|url-status=live}}</ref>

In 1999, the first military exercises of the Armed Forces were held in the Khatlon Garrison.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.tajmedun.tj/tj/nazare-ba/i-timoiyet/ba-ayratu-matonat-dalerivu-shu-oat-va-issi-balandi-millii-afsaronu-sarbozoni-bonangu-nomusi-vatan-bo/|title=Ба ғайрату матонат, далериву шуҷоат ва ҳисси баланди миллии афсарону сарбозони бонангу номуси Ватан бовар дорем ва аз онҳо ифтихор мекунем|access-date=13 May 2020|archive-date=5 August 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200805194047/https://www.tajmedun.tj/tj/nazare-ba/i-timoiyet/ba-ayratu-matonat-dalerivu-shu-oat-va-issi-balandi-millii-afsaronu-sarbozoni-bonangu-nomusi-vatan-bo/|url-status=live}}</ref> In 2001, military regulations were introduced.<ref>{{cite web|title=Постановление Маджлиси намояндагон Маджлиси Оли Республики Таджикистан от 6 июня 2001 года, № 311 "Об утверждении Строевого устава Вооруженных Сил Республики Таджикистан"|url=http://www.adlia.tj/show_doc.fwx?Rgn=1922|access-date=2021-05-15|website=adlia.tj|archive-date=15 May 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210515141237/http://www.adlia.tj/show_doc.fwx?Rgn=1922|url-status=live}}</ref> In October 2005, a military doctrine was also introduced.<ref>{{cite web|title=Постановление Маджлиси намояндагон Маджлиси Оли Республики Таджикистан от 3 октября 2005 года № 103 "Об утверждении Военной доктрины Республики Таджикистан"|url=http://www.adlia.tj/show_doc.fwx?Rgn=7218|access-date=2021-05-15|website=adlia.tj|archive-date=15 May 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210515141235/http://www.adlia.tj/show_doc.fwx?Rgn=7218|url-status=live}}</ref>

In September 2013, the [[Russian Federation|Russian government]] has given the Tajik military $200 million worth of weapons and hardware, in return for letting them continue to use the 201st base. In late April 2021, forces of the military fought the [[Armed Forces of Kyrgyzstan|Kyrgyz military]] on the [[Kyrgyzstan–Tajikistan border]] near [[Kök-Tash, Leilek|Kök-Tash]], utilizing heavy artillery.<ref>{{cite web|title=Tempers flaring as Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan come to deadly blows {{!}} Eurasianet|url=https://eurasianet.org/tempers-flaring-as-kyrgyzstan-tajikistan-come-to-deadly-blows|access-date=2021-05-08|website=eurasianet.org|language=en|archive-date=22 April 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220422132126/https://eurasianet.org/tempers-flaring-as-kyrgyzstan-tajikistan-come-to-deadly-blows|url-status=live}}</ref> The [[Prosecutor General's Office of Kyrgyzstan|Kyrgyz Prosecutor General's Office]] on 30 April accused the Tajik Armed Forces of invading the country and seizing their sovereign territory.<ref>{{cite web|title=Генпрокуратура: Военные РТ вторглись в Кыргызстан с целью захвата территории|url=https://kaktus.media/437622|website=kaktus.media|date=3 May 2021 |access-date=8 May 2021|archive-date=24 January 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230124213630/https://kaktus.media/doc/437622_genprokyratyra:_voennye_rt_vtorglis_v_kyrgyzstan_s_celu_zahvata_territorii.html|url-status=live}}</ref>

In July, the Tajik military held its largest training exercise in response to the [[2021 Taliban offensive|Taliban offensive]] coming near their borders.<ref>{{cite web|date=2021-07-22|title=Afghan neighbour Tajikistan holds largest ever military exercise|url=https://www.reuters.com/world/asia-pacific/afghan-neighbour-tajikistan-holds-largest-ever-military-exercise-2021-07-22/|access-date=2021-07-22|work=Reuters|archive-date=23 July 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210723093559/https://www.reuters.com/world/asia-pacific/afghan-neighbour-tajikistan-holds-largest-ever-military-exercise-2021-07-22/|url-status=live}}</ref>

It is reported by  Russian Ambassador to Tajikistan Igor Lyakin-Frolov that at the end of 2021, large-scale supplies of Russian military hardware, equipment, weapons and munitions were made to Tajikistan.<ref>{{cite web | url=https://tass.com/defense/1394789 | title=Supplies of Russian weapons to help Tajikistan enhance its combat readiness — diplomat | access-date=3 February 2022 | archive-date=3 February 2022 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220203164804/https://tass.com/defense/1394789 | url-status=live }}</ref>