Editing Architect (section)

==Origins==
{{Main article|History of architecture}}
Throughout ancient and medieval history, most architectural design and construction was carried out by [[artisan]]s—such as stone [[masonry|mason]]s and carpenters—who rose to the role of master builders. Until modern times, there was no clear distinction between architect and engineer. In Europe, the titles ''architect'' and ''engineer'' were primarily geographical variations that referred to the same person, often used interchangeably.<ref>{{cite book |last=Murray |first=Peter |url=https://archive.org/details/architectureofit00pete |title=The Architecture of the Italian Renaissance |publisher=[[Knopf Doubleday Publishing Group]] |year=1986 |isbn=0-8052-1082-2 |editor-last=Burckhardt |editor-first=Jacob |editor-link=Jacob Burckhardt |page=242 |author-link=Peter Murray (art historian) |url-access=registration}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Civil Engineering Defined - Civil Engineering Definitions and History |url=http://www.smweng.com/civil-engineering-definitions-and-history/civil-engineering-defined |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120425135327/http://www.smweng.com/civil-engineering-definitions-and-history/civil-engineering-defined |archive-date=25 April 2012 |access-date=8 March 2019 |work=SMW Engineering Group, Inc}}</ref>
"Architect" derives from Greek {{lang|grc|ἀρχιτέκτων}} ({{transliteration|grc|arkhitéktōn}}, "master builder,"  "chief {{transliteration|grc|[[tektōn]]}}).<ref name="Harper">{{cite web |last1=Harper |first1=Douglas |title=architect |url=https://www.etymonline.com/search?q=architect |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221205121027/https://www.etymonline.com/search?q=architect |archive-date=5 December 2022 |access-date=5 December 2022 |website=Online Etymology Dictionary |language=en}}</ref>
[[File:Masaccio, cappella brancacci, san pietro in cattedra. ritratto di filippo brunelleschi.jpg|thumb|upright|[[Filippo Brunelleschi]] is revered as one of the most inventive and gifted architects in history.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://totallyhistory.com/filippo-brunelleschi|title=Filippo Brunelleschi|work=Totally History|date=11 October 2012|access-date=8 March 2019|archive-date=4 July 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170704211829/http://totallyhistory.com/filippo-brunelleschi/|url-status=live}}</ref>]] It is suggested that various developments in technology and mathematics allowed the development of the professional 'gentleman' architect, separate from the hands-on craftsman. Paper was not used in Europe for drawing until the 15th century but became increasingly available after 1500. Pencils were used for drawing by 1600. The availability of both paper and pencils allowed pre-construction drawings to be made by professionals.<ref name="MAD 225">{{cite book|last=Pacey|first=Arnold|title=Medieval Architectural Drawing: English Craftsmen's Methods and Their Later Persistence (c.1200–1700)|year=2007|publisher=[[The History Press|Tempus Publishing]]|location=Stroud|isbn=978-0-7524-4404-8|pages=225–227|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=GZhiGQAACAAJ|access-date=2019-08-20|archive-date=2023-12-10|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231210155424/https://books.google.com/books?id=GZhiGQAACAAJ|url-status=live}}</ref> Concurrently, the introduction of linear [[Perspective (graphical)|perspective]] and innovations such as the use of different projections to describe a three-dimensional building in two dimensions, together with an increased understanding of dimensional accuracy, helped building designers communicate their ideas.<ref name="MAD 225"/> However, development was gradual and slow-going. Until the 18th century, buildings continued to be designed and set out by craftsmen, with the exception of high-status projects.<ref name="MAD 225"/><ref name="ab project">{{cite web |last=Vardhan |first=Harsh |title=Different types of work by architects |url=http://archibuddy.com/app/user/storyboard/5a919eafec9a1606f9f16f07 |url-status= |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180317232022/http://archibuddy.com/app/user/storyboard/5a919eafec9a1606f9f16f07 |archive-date=17 March 2018 |access-date=17 March 2018 |work=Archibuddy}}</ref>