Editing Arabidopsis thaliana (section)

==Description==
[[File:194 Arabidopsis thaliana, Turritis glabra.jpg|thumb|left|upright|Botanical illustration]]

''Arabidopsis thaliana'' is an [[annual plant|annual]] (rarely [[biennial plant|biennial]]) plant, usually growing to 20–25&nbsp;cm tall.<ref name="kramer-natural-history" /> The [[leaf|leaves]] form a rosette at the base of the plant, with a few leaves also on the flowering [[Plant stem|stem]]. The basal leaves are green to slightly purplish in color, 1.5–5&nbsp;cm long, and 2–10&nbsp;mm broad, with an entire to coarsely serrated margin; the stem leaves are smaller and unstalked, usually with an entire margin. Leaves are covered with small, unicellular hairs called [[trichome]]s. The [[flower]]s are 3&nbsp;mm in diameter, arranged in a [[Inflorescence#Simple inflorescences|corymb]]; their structure is that of the typical [[Brassicaceae]]. The fruit is a [[silique]] 5–20&nbsp;mm long, containing 20–30 [[seed]]s.<ref name=fnwe>Flora of NW Europe: [http://ip30.eti.uva.nl/BIS/flora.php?selected=beschrijving&menuentry=soorten&id=2273 ''Arabidopsis thaliana''] {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071208204350/http://ip30.eti.uva.nl/BIS/flora.php?selected=beschrijving&menuentry=soorten&id=2273 |date=8 December 2007 }}</ref><ref name=blamey>Blamey, M. & Grey-Wilson, C. (1989). ''Flora of Britain and Northern Europe''. {{ISBN|0-340-40170-2}}</ref><ref name=fop>Flora of Pakistan: [http://www.efloras.org/florataxon.aspx?flora_id=5&taxon_id=200009201 ''Arabidopsis thaliana''] {{Webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080618174531/http://www.efloras.org/florataxon.aspx?flora_id=5&taxon_id=200009201 |date=18 June 2008 }}</ref><ref name=foc>Flora of China: [http://www.efloras.org/florataxon.aspx?flora_id=2&taxon_id=200009201 ''Arabidopsis thaliana''] {{Webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181005004459/http://www.efloras.org/florataxon.aspx?flora_id=2&taxon_id=200009201 |date=5 October 2018 }}</ref> Roots are simple in structure, with a single primary root that grows vertically downward, later producing smaller lateral roots. These roots form interactions with [[Rhizosphere (ecology)|rhizosphere]] bacteria such as ''[[Bacillus megaterium]]''.<ref>{{cite journal |vauthors=López-Bucio J, Campos-Cuevas JC, Hernández-Calderón E, Velásquez-Becerra C, Farías-Rodríguez R, Macías-Rodríguez LI, Valencia-Cantero E |title=Bacillus megaterium rhizobacteria promote growth and alter root-system architecture through an auxin- and ethylene-independent signaling mechanism in ''Arabidopsis thaliana'' |journal=Molecular Plant-Microbe Interactions |volume=20 |issue=2 |pages=207–17 |date=February 2007 |pmid=17313171 |doi=10.1094/MPMI-20-2-0207 |doi-access=free}}</ref>

[[File:Müürlooga (Arabidopsis thaliana) lehekarv (trihhoom) 311 0804.JPG|thumb|upright|[[Scanning electron microscope|Scanning electron micrograph]] of a [[trichome]], a leaf hair of ''A. thaliana'', a unique structure made of a single cell]]

''A. thaliana'' can complete its entire lifecycle in six weeks. The central stem that produces flowers grows after about 3 weeks, and the flowers naturally self-pollinate. In the lab, ''A. thaliana'' may be grown in Petri plates, pots, or hydroponics, under fluorescent lights or in a greenhouse.<ref>{{cite journal |vauthors=Meinke DW, Cherry JM, Dean C, Rounsley SD, Koornneef M |title=Arabidopsis thaliana: a model plant for genome analysis |journal=Science |volume=282 |issue=5389 |pages=662, 679–82 |date=October 1998 |pmid=9784120 |doi=10.1126/science.282.5389.662 |citeseerx=10.1.1.462.4735 |bibcode=1998Sci...282..662M}}</ref>