Editing Aquatic plant (section)

== Evolution ==
Aquatic plants have adapted to live in either freshwater or saltwater. Aquatic [[vascular plant]]s have originated on multiple occasions in different plant families;<ref name="Sculthorpe" /><ref>{{Cite book |last=Tomlinson |first=P. B. |title=The Botany of Mangroves |publisher=Cambridge University Press |year=1986 |location=Cambridge, UK}}</ref> they can be [[fern]]s or angiosperms (including both [[monocot]]s and [[dicot]]s). The only [[angiosperms]] capable of growing completely submerged in seawater are the [[seagrass]]es.<ref>{{cite web |title=Alismatales |url=http://www.mobot.org/MOBOT/Research/APweb/orders/alismatalesweb.htm#Alismatales |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180129143552/http://www.mobot.org/MOBOT/Research/APweb/orders/alismatalesweb.htm#Alismatales |archive-date=2018-01-29 |access-date=2018-03-01 |website=Angiosperm Phylogeny Website |publisher=[[Missouri Botanical Garden]]}}</ref> Examples are found in genera such as ''[[Thalassia (plant)|Thalassia]]'' and ''[[Zostera]]''. An aquatic origin of angiosperms is supported by the evidence that several of the earliest known fossil angiosperms were aquatic. Aquatic plants are [[Phylogenetics|phylogenetically]] well dispersed across the [[Angiosperm Phylogeny Group|angiosperms]], with at least 50 independent origins, although they comprise less than 2% of the angiosperm species.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Pennisi |first=Elizabeth |author-link=Elizabeth Pennisi |date=2018-06-01 |title=This saltwater trout evolved to live in freshwater—in just 100 years |journal=Science |doi=10.1126/science.aau3582 |issn=0036-8075 |s2cid=89661781}}</ref> [[Archaefructus]] represents one of the oldest, most complete angiosperm fossils which is around 125 million years old.<ref name="Mader, Sylvia S.-1998">{{Cite book |last=Mader, Sylvia S. |title=Biology |date=1998 |publisher=WCB/McGraw-Hill |isbn=0-697-34079-1 |oclc=37418228}}</ref> These plants require special adaptations for living submerged in water or floating at the surface.<ref name="Mader, Sylvia S.-1998" />