Editing Anatolian languages (section)

== Origins ==
[[File:Indo-European migrations.jpg|thumb|350px|
Early [[Indo-European migrations]] from the [[Pontic–Caspian steppe]]]]
The Anatolian branch is often considered the earliest to have split from the [[Proto-Indo-European language]], from a stage referred to either as [[Indo-Hittite]] or "Archaic PIE"; typically a date in the [[4th millennium BC|mid-4th millennium BC]] is assumed for the evolution of this branch, followed by a migration into Anatolia in the early 2nd millenium BC. Under the [[Kurgan hypothesis]], there are two possibilities for how the early Anatolian speakers could have reached Anatolia: from the north via the [[Caucasus]], or from the west, via the [[Balkans]];<ref>Models assuming an Anatolian PIE homeland of course do not assume any migration at all, and the model assuming an [[Armenia]]n homeland assumes straightforward immigration from the East.</ref> the latter is considered somewhat more likely by Mallory (1989), Steiner (1990), and Anthony (2007). Statistical research by Quentin Atkinson and others using [[Bayesian inference]] and [[glottochronology|glottochronological]] markers favors an [[Anatolian hypothesis|Indo-European origin in Anatolia]], though the method's validity and accuracy are subject to debate, and this is a minority view concerning the urheimat of PIE.<ref>{{Cite journal |last1=Gray |first1=Russell D. |last2=Atkinson |first2=Quentin D. |date=2003 |title=Language-Tree Divergence Times Support the Anatolian Theory of Indo-European Origin |url=http://language.psy.auckland.ac.nz/files/gray_and_atkinson2003/grayatkinson2003.pdf |journal=Nature |language=en |volume=426 |issue=6965 |pages=435–439 |doi=10.1038/nature02029 |pmid=14647380 |bibcode=2003Natur.426..435G |s2cid=42340 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110520041256/http://language.psy.auckland.ac.nz/files/gray_and_atkinson2003/grayatkinson2003.pdf |archive-date=2011-05-20}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal |last1=Bouckaert |first1=R. |last2=Lemey |first2=P. |last3=Dunn |first3=M. |last4=Greenhill |first4=S. J. |last5=Alekseyenko |first5=A. V. |last6=Drummond |first6=A. J. |last7=Gray |first7=R. D. |last8=Suchard |first8=M. A. |last9=Atkinson |first9=Q. D. |date=2012 |title=Mapping the Origins and Expansion of the Indo-European Language Family |journal=Science |language=en |volume=337 |issue=6097 |pages=957–960 |bibcode=2012Sci...337..957B |doi=10.1126/science.1219669 |pmc=4112997 |pmid=22923579}}</ref>

It has been theorized that [[Cernavodă culture]], together with the [[Sredny Stog culture]], was the source of Anatolian languages and introduced them to Anatolia through the Balkans after Anatolian split from the Proto-Indo-Anatolian language, which some linguists and archaeologists place in the area of the Sredny Stog culture.<ref>{{Cite journal |last1=Kroonen |first1=Guus |last2=Jakob |first2=Anthony |last3=Palmér |first3=Axel I. |last4=Sluis |first4=Paulus van |last5=Wigman |first5=Andrew |date=2022-10-12 |title=Indo-European cereal terminology suggests a Northwest Pontic homeland for the core Indo-European languages |journal=PLOS ONE |language=en |volume=17 |issue=10 |pages=e0275744 |doi=10.1371/journal.pone.0275744 |issn=1932-6203 |pmc=9555676 |pmid=36223379|bibcode=2022PLoSO..1775744K |doi-access=free }}</ref><ref>[http://www.randevu-zip.narod.ru/europe/east/ancien.htm Краткая история освоения индоевропейцами Европы] (in Russian)</ref><ref>{{Cite book |last=Anthony |first=David |url=http://worldcat.org/oclc/1102387902 |title=The Horse, the Wheel, and Language |oclc=1102387902}}</ref> Petra Goedegebuure suggests Anatolian separated from PIE in the north by 4500 BC and had arrived in Anatolia by about 2500 -2000 BC, via a migration route through the Caucasus.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://youtube.com/watch?v=Pe4jnBdVxjw | author=Petra Goedegebuure |title=Anatolians on the Move: From Kurgans to Kanesh |publisher=
The Institute for the Study of Ancient Cultures  |via=YouTube |date=2020-02-05}}</ref>