Editing Amherst County, Virginia (section)

== History ==
[[File:Amherst.jpg|thumb|left|[[Jeffery Amherst, 1st Baron Amherst|Jeffery Amherst]], called the "Conqueror of Canada", for whom the county was named]]
Beginning thousands of years in the past, Native Americans were the first humans to populate the area. They hunted and fished mainly along the countless rivers and streams in the county. With the establishment of the Virginia Colony in 1607, English emigrants arrived in North America. By the late 17th century English explorers and traders had traveled up the James River to this area. Early trading posts were established between 1710 and 1720. By 1730, many new English colonial families moved into the area currently known as Amherst County, drawn by the desire for land and the good tobacco-growing soil.

Amherst County was formed in 1761, from part of southwestern [[Albemarle County, Virginia|Albemarle County]]. The original county seat had been in Cabelsville, now [[Colleen, Virginia|Colleen]], in what would later become Nelson County. The county was named for [[Jeffery Amherst, 1st Baron Amherst|Lord Amherst]], known as the "Conqueror of [[Canada]]", who commanded the British forces that successfully secured Canada from the French during the Seven Years' War. Jeffery Amherst had previously been named as [[List of colonial governors of Virginia|Governor of Virginia]], although he never came to this colony.

In 1806 the county took its present proportions, when Nelson County was formed from its northern half. At that point, the county seat was moved to the village of Five Oaks, later renamed Amherst. The present county courthouse was built in 1870 and has served the county ever since. Amherst County produced more Confederate soldiers per capita than anywhere else in the Confederate States of America{{Citation needed|date=October 2019}}.

In the early days, the major crop raised in Amherst County was tobacco. Apple orchards were part of mixed farming that replaced tobacco, especially in the late 19th century. Timber, mining and milling were also important industries. The introduction of the railroad in the late 19th century greatly influenced the county's growth. The county contains many good examples of 18th, 19th and early 20th century rural and small town architecture. The downtown area of Amherst is a classic example of early 20th century commercial architecture.