Editing All Souls College, Oxford (section)

==History==
The college was founded by [[Henry VI of England]] and [[Henry Chichele]] (fellow of [[New College, Oxford|New College]] and [[Archbishop of Canterbury]]), in 1438, to commemorate the victims of the [[Hundred Years' War]].<ref>{{cite book |last=Simmonds |first=Tricia |date=1989 |title=In and Around Oxford |publisher=Unichrome |location=Bath |page=24 |isbn=1-871004-02-0}}</ref> The Statutes provided for a warden and 40 fellows; all to take Holy Orders: 24 to study arts and theology; and 16 to study civil or canon law.<ref>{{cite book |editor-last1=Salter |editor-first1=H E |editor-last2=Lobel |editor-first2=Mary D. |title=A History of the County of Oxford: Volume 3, the University of Oxford |date=1954 |publisher=Victoria County History |location=London |pages=173–193 |chapter=All Souls College |chapter-url=https://www.british-history.ac.uk/vch/oxon/vol3/pp173-193 }}</ref> 

Today the college is primarily a research institution, with no student members. All Souls did formerly have students: [[Robert Hovenden]] (Warden of the college from 1571 to 1614) introduced undergraduates to provide the fellows with ''servientes'' (household servants), but this was abandoned by the end of the [[Commonwealth of England|Commonwealth]]. Four Bible Clerks remained on the foundation until 1924.<ref>[http://www.all-souls.ox.ac.uk/about/history3.php History page 3] {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080604151853/http://www.all-souls.ox.ac.uk/about/history3.php |date=4 June 2008}}, All Souls College, Oxford (accessed 11 March 2008).</ref>

For over five hundred years All Souls College admitted only men; women were first allowed to join the college as fellows in 1979,<ref name="All Souls College Oxford">{{cite web |url=https://www.asc.ox.ac.uk/modern-college|title=All Souls College Oxford |publisher=University of Oxford  |access-date=4 May 2018}}</ref> the same year as many other previously all-male colleges in the university.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.ox.ac.uk/about/oxford-people/women-at-oxford |title=Women at Oxford {{!}} University of Oxford |publisher=University of Oxford  |access-date=4 May 2018}}</ref> The American philosopher [[Susan Hurley]] became the first female fellow in 1981. Conservative fellows opposed this change. Once, upon encountering a woman fellow, the geneticist [[E. B. Ford]] swung his umbrella at her and shouted "Out of my way, [[Chicken|henbird]]!".<ref>{{Cite web |last=Nayler |first=Mark |date=2024-11-08 |title=All Souls is the SAS of academia |url=https://www.spectator.co.uk/article/all-souls-is-the-sas-of-academia/ |access-date=2024-11-08 |website=The Spectator |language=en-GB}}</ref>