Editing Alfred Adler (section)

== Early life ==
Adler was born on February 7, 1870<ref name=":0">{{cite book|last1=Hergenhahn |first1=B.R. |title=An Introduction to Theories of Personality |last2=Olson |first2=Matthew |publisher=Pearson Prentice Hall |year=2006 |isbn=0-13-194228-X |pages=95–123}}</ref> at [[Mariahilf|Mariahilfer Straße]] 208<ref>Prof. Dr. [[Klaus Lohrmann]] ''"Jüdisches Wien. Kultur-Karte"'' (2003), Mosse-Berlin Mitte gGmbH ([[Verlag Jüdische Presse]])</ref> in [[Rudolfsheim]], a village on the western fringes of [[Vienna]], a modern part of [[Rudolfsheim-Fünfhaus]], the 15th district of the city. He was second of the seven children of a [[Jewish]] couple, Pauline (Beer) and Leopold Adler. Leopold Adler was a [[Hungary|Hungarian]]-born [[grain trade|grain merchant]].<ref>{{cite web |title=Alfred Adler Biography |url=http://www.notablebiographies.com/A-An/Adler-Alfred.html |publisher=Encyclopedia of World Biography |access-date=10 February 2010 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100107111638/http://notablebiographies.com/A-An/Adler-Alfred.html |archive-date=7 January 2010 |url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|title=Systems of psychotherapy: a transtheoretical analysis |last1=Prochaska |first1=James |last2=Norcross |first2=John |isbn=978-1-133-31451-6 |edition=Eighth |location=Stamford, CT |oclc=851089001 |date=2013-05-10}}</ref><ref>{{cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=E2p-AAAAMAAJ&q=pauline+beer+leopold+adler |title=The Drive for Self: Alfred Adler and the Founding of Individual Psychology |isbn=978-0-201-63280-4 |last1=Hoffman |first1=Edward |date=1994-07-20|publisher=Da Capo Press }}</ref> Leopold's nephew was [[Victor Adler]], a leader of the labour movement and founder of the Social Democratic Workers' Party ([[Social Democratic Party of Austria|SDAP]]).<ref>{{Cite web |date=2018-11-26 |title=Leopold Leb Nathan Adler |url=https://www.geni.com/people/Leopold-Adler/6000000010798663547 |access-date=2024-09-10 |website=geni_family_tree |language=en-US}}</ref> Alfred's younger brother died in the bed next to him when Alfred was only three years old,<ref>{{cite book|last=Orgler |first=Hertha |title=Alfred Adler, the Man and His Work |location=London |publisher=C. W. Daniel |date=1939 |page=67}}</ref> and throughout his childhood, he maintained a rivalry with his older brother.<ref name=":0" /> This rivalry was spurred on because Adler believed his mother preferred his brother over him. Despite his good relationship with his father, he still struggled with feelings of inferiority in his relationship with his mother.<ref name=":0" />

Alfred was an active, popular child and an average student who was also known for the competitive attitude toward his older brother, Sigmund. Early on, he developed [[rickets]], which kept Alfred from walking until he was four years old. At the age of four, he developed [[pneumonia]] and heard a doctor say to his father, "Your boy is lost". Along with being run over twice and witnessing his younger brother's death, this sickness contributed to his overall fear of death.<ref name=":0" /> At that point, he decided to be a physician.<ref name="Boeree">{{cite web|first=C. George |last=Boeree |url=http://webspace.ship.edu/cgboer/adler.html |title=Personality Theories – Alfred Adler by Dr. C. George Boeree |publisher=Webspace.ship.edu |date=1937-05-28 |access-date=2014-05-19}}</ref> He was very interested in the subjects of psychology, sociology and philosophy.<ref name="Orgler, H. 1976">{{cite journal|last=Orgler |first=H. |date=1976 |title=Alfred Adler |journal=[[International Journal of Social Psychiatry]] |volume=22 |number=1 |pages=67–68 |doi=10.1177/002076407602200110 |pmid=783061 |s2cid=31821648}}</ref> After studying at the [[University of Vienna]], he specialized as an [[Ophthalmology|eye doctor]], and later in neurology and psychiatry.<ref name="Orgler, H. 1976"/>