Editing Alan Rickman (section)

==Early life and education==
Alan Rickman was born on 21 February 1946 in the [[Acton, London|Acton]] district of London,<ref>{{cite news |title=Alan Rickman, actor – obituary |url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/obituaries/2016/03/18/alan-rickman-actor---obituary/ |url-status=live |url-access=subscription |newspaper=The Daily Telegraph |access-date=8 March 2020 |archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20220110/https://www.telegraph.co.uk/obituaries/2016/03/18/alan-rickman-actor---obituary/ |archive-date=10 January 2022}}{{cbignore}}</ref><ref>[http://www.biography.com/people/alan-rickman-20687617 Profile] {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151026120237/http://www.biography.com/people/alan-rickman-20687617 |date=26 October 2015}}, biography.com. Retrieved 14 January 2016</ref><ref name=Biography>{{cite book |last=Paton |first=Maureen |title=Alan Rickman: the unauthorised biography |publisher=Virgin |location=London |date=1996 |isbn=978-1852276300}}</ref> to housewife Margaret Doreen Rose (née Bartlett)<ref name="Biography" /><ref>[https://www.independent.co.uk/news/people/profiles/alan-rickman-helen-mccrory-with-us-its-mostly-about-laughter-and-the-odd-martini-10153057.html "Alan Rickman & Helen McCrory: 'With us it's mostly about laughter and the odd Martini'"]. ''The Independent''. Retrieved 16 January 2020</ref><ref>''England & Wales births 1837–2006''. Vol. 11A. p. 1224. Print.</ref><ref>''England & Wales deaths 1837–2007''. Birth, Marriage & Death (Parish Registers). District no. 6001F. Register. no. F56C. Entry no. 094. Print.</ref><ref name="ref1" /> and factory worker, house painter and decorator, and former [[Second World War]] [[Aeronautics|aircraft fitter]] Bernard William Rickman.<ref name=Biography/><ref name=ref1>{{cite news |last=Solway |first=Diane |title=Profile: Alan Rickman |url=http://www.alan-rickman.com/articles/profile.html |url-status=live |publisher=European Travel and Life |date=August 1991 |access-date=3 October 2007 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071006174932/http://www.alan-rickman.com/articles/profile.html |archive-date=6 October 2007}}</ref><ref>''England & Wales births 1837–2006''. Vol. 1A. p. 515.</ref><ref>''England & Wales deaths 1837–2007''. Vol. 5F. p. 247. Print.</ref><ref>1939 United Kingdom Census. ''1939 Household Register''. London Borough of Hammersmith and Fulham, London, England; family 4, dwelling 45, lines 11–13; 1939. Print.</ref> His mother was Welsh, and his paternal grandmother was Irish. Rickman would later say in April 2015, "I was talking to [[Sharleen Spiteri]] about being a [[Celts (modern)|Celt]], how you smell each other out, because my mother's family is Welsh. There's not a lot of English blood in me."<ref>{{cite web |last=White |first=Hilary A. |title=Alan Rickman – A working-class hero at the court of Versailles |url=http://www.independent.ie/entertainment/movies/movie-news/alan-rickman-a-workingclass-hero-at-the-court-of-versailles-31133352.html |website=[[Irish Independent]] |date=13 April 2015 |access-date=14 January 2016}}</ref> His father was [[Catholic]] and his mother was a [[Methodist]].<ref name=ref2>{{cite news |last=Mackenzie |first=Suzie |title=Angel with Horns |url=http://www.alan-rickman.com/articles/angel.html |url-status=live |work=The Guardian |location=UK |date=3 January 1998 |access-date=3 October 2007 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071006004652/http://www.alan-rickman.com/articles/angel.html |archive-date=6 October 2007}}</ref> He had two brothers named David and Michael and a sister named Sheila.<ref name=Biography/>

Rickman was born with a tight jaw, contributing to the deep tone of voice and languid delivery for which he would become famous.<ref name="Beguiling"/><ref>{{cite news |title=Alan Rickman: Cinema's voice of honey-smooth villainy |url=https://www.smh.com.au/national/alan-rickman-cinemas-voice-of-honeysmooth-villainy-20160115-gm6gob.html |work=[[The Sydney Morning Herald]] |date=15 January 2016 |access-date=8 March 2020}}</ref> He said that a vocal coach told him he had a "spastic soft palate".<ref name="Borkman">{{cite news |title=Alan Rickman Is a Corrupt Banker (in John Gabriel Borkman) |url=https://www.villagevoice.com/2011/01/05/alan-rickman-is-a-corrupt-banker-in-john-gabriel-borkman/ |work=[[The Village Voice]] |date=5 January 2011 |access-date=11 July 2022}}</ref> When Rickman was eight years old his father died of cancer, leaving his mother to raise him and his three siblings mostly alone. According to biographer Maureen Paton, the family was "rehoused by the council and moved to an Acton estate to the west of [[Wormwood Scrubs Prison]], where his mother struggled to bring up four children on her own by working for the [[General Post Office|Post Office]]".<ref name=Biography/><ref>[https://www.bbc.com/news/entertainment-arts-35313578 "Obituary: Alan Rickman."] {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180717123147/https://www.bbc.com/news/entertainment-arts-35313578 |date=17 July 2018}} BBC News, 14 January 2016. Retrieved 5 June 2016.</ref> Margaret Rickman married again in 1960, but divorced Rickman's stepfather after three years.<ref name=Biography/><ref name=ref2/><ref>''England & Wales marriages 1837–2008''. Vol. 5E. p. 307. Print.</ref>

[[File:RADA sign.jpg|thumb|right|Rickman studied at [[RADA]] (the Royal Academy of Dramatic Art) in London from 1972 to 1974. He was elected to the RADA council in 1993 where he was also vice-chairman, a role in which he served until his death in 2016.]]

Rickman met his longtime partner [[Rima Horton]] at the age of 19;<ref name="Horton"/> he stated that his first crush was at 10 years old on a girl named Amanda at his school's sports day.<ref>[http://www3.nd.edu/~tchapman/news2003.html "Untitled Love Actually Interview."] {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160918014024/http://www3.nd.edu/~tchapman/news2003.html |date=18 September 2016}} ''Alan Archives''. 10 November 2003. Retrieved 7 August 2016.</ref> As a child, he excelled at [[calligraphy]] and [[watercolour]] painting. Rickman was educated at West Acton First School<ref>{{cite book |last=Paton |first=Maureen |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=1592I3Rk8VQC&q=alan+rickman+%22west+acton+first+school%22&pg=PT49 |title=Alan Rickman: The Unauthorised Biography |date=31 May 2012 |publisher=Random House|isbn=978-1-4481-3264-5}}</ref> followed by Derwentwater Primary School in Acton, and then [[Latymer Upper School]] in London through the [[Direct grant grammar school|Direct Grant system]], where he became involved in drama. Rickman went on to attend [[Chelsea College of Art and Design]] from 1965 to 1968.<ref>{{cite book|title=Alan Rickman: The Unauthorised Biography |last=Paton |first=Maureen |publisher=Virgin Books; 2Rev Ed edition |year=2003 |isbn=978-0753507544 |pages=53}}</ref> He then attended the [[Royal College of Art]] from 1968 to 1970.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.rcasociety.net/content/alan-rickman-1946-2016 |title=Alan Rickman (1946 - 2016) |last=Royal College of Art Society |date=12 March 2019}}</ref> His training allowed him to work as a graphic designer for the Royal College of Art's in-house magazine, ''ARK'', and the ''Notting Hill Herald'', which he considered a more stable occupation than acting; he later said that drama school "wasn't considered the sensible thing to do at 18".<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.btinternet.com/~sc.i/devil_in.htm |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20010422224203/http://www.btinternet.com/~sc.i/devil_in.htm |title=THE DEVIL IN MR RICKMAN |archive-date=22 April 2001 |publisher=btinternet.com}}</ref><ref>[http://www.itsnicethat.com/articles/the-rca-journal-the-alan-rickman-issues The RCA Journal: The Alan Rickman Issues.] {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160805173558/http://www.itsnicethat.com/articles/the-rca-journal-the-alan-rickman-issues |date=5 August 2016}} ''It's Nice That''. 15 January 2016. Retrieved 7 August 2016.</ref><ref>[http://flashbak.com/childs-play-alan-rickmans-1970-account-of-murderous-children-in-an-inner-london-play-park-52058/ Child's Play: Alan Rickman's 1970 Account of Murderous Children In An Inner-London Play Park.] {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160811093137/http://flashbak.com/childs-play-alan-rickmans-1970-account-of-murderous-children-in-an-inner-london-play-park-52058/ |date=11 August 2016}} ''Flashbak''. 20 January 2016. Retrieved 7 August 2016.</ref>

Following graduation, Rickman and several friends opened a graphic design studio called Graphiti, but after three years of successful business, he decided that he was going to pursue acting professionally. He wrote to request an audition with [[RADA]] (the Royal Academy of Dramatic Art),<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.alan-rickman.com/articles/evil_elegance.html|title=Interview: Evil Elegance|publisher=Alan-rickman.com|access-date=9 July 2011|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110707103303/http://www.alan-rickman.com/articles/evil_elegance.html|archive-date=7 July 2011|url-status=live}}</ref> which he attended from 1972 until 1974.<ref name=RADA14Jan2016/> While there, he supported himself by working as a [[Dresser (theatre)|dresser]] for [[Nigel Hawthorne]] and [[Ralph Richardson]].<ref>[http://abouthp.free.fr/interviewsar1.htm Interview Alan Rickman] {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110720215944/http://abouthp.free.fr/interviewsar1.htm |date=20 July 2011}}, abouthp.free.fr. Retrieved 20 December 2007.</ref>