Editing Airbus A319 (section)

== Development ==
<!-- Linked from [[Airbus A320 family]] -->

===Background===
The first member of the A320 family was the A320 which was launched in March 1984 and [[Maiden flight|first flew]] on 22 February 1987.<ref>{{harvnb|Norris|Wagner|1999|p=50}}</ref> The family was extended to include the stretched A321 (first delivered 1994), the shortened A319 (1996), and the further shortened A318 (2003). The A320 family pioneered the use of digital [[fly-by-wire]] [[Aircraft flight control system|flight control systems]], as well as [[side stick]] controls, in commercial aircraft. The A319 was developed at the request of [[Steven F. Udvar-Házy|Steven Udvar-Hazy]], the former president and CEO of [[ILFC]] according to ''[[The New York Times]]''.<ref>{{Cite news |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2007/05/10/business/10flyboy.html?pagewanted=2&_r=1 |title=The Real Owner of All Those Planes |access-date=4 March 2011 |author=Wayne, Leslie |date=10 May 2007 |work=The New York Times |page=2 |archive-date=15 May 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130515194731/http://www.nytimes.com/2007/05/10/business/10flyboy.html?pagewanted=2&_r=1 |url-status=live }}</ref>

===Origins and design===
The A319 design is a shortened fuselage, minimum change derivative of the A320 with its origins in the 130- to 140-seat SA1, part of the Single-Aisle studies.<ref name="N&W p.53">{{harvnb|Norris|Wagner|1999|p=53}}</ref> The SA1 was shelved as the consortium concentrated on its bigger siblings. After healthy sales of the A320/A321, Airbus re-focused on what was then known as the ''A320M-7'', meaning A320 ''minus seven fuselage frames''.<ref>{{harvnb|Eden|2008|p=26}}</ref> It would provide direct competition for the [[Boeing 737-300|737-300]]/[[Boeing 737 Next Generation|-700]].<ref name="N&W p.53"/> The shrink was achieved through the removal of four fuselage frames fore and three aft the wing, cutting the overall length by {{Convert|3.73|m|ftin}}.<ref name="A319 specifications"/><ref name="A320 specifications">{{cite web |title=Specifications Airbus A320 |url=http://www.airbus.com/aircraftfamilies/passengeraircraft/a320family/a320/specifications/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120124123133/http://www.airbus.com/aircraftfamilies/passengeraircraft/a320family/a320/specifications/ |archive-date=24 January 2012 |access-date=13 February 2012 |work=Airbus}}</ref><ref name="Meeting demand">{{cite web |author=Moxon, Henley |date=30 August 1995 |title=Meeting demands |url=http://www.flightglobal.com/pdfarchive/view/1995/1995%20-%202575.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120622033315/http://www.flightglobal.com/pdfarchive/view/1995/1995%20-%202575.html |archive-date=22 June 2012 |access-date=25 February 2011 |work=Flight International}}</ref> Consequently, the number of overwing exits was reduced from four to two. High-density A319s, such as 156-seat aircraft used by [[EasyJet]], retain four overwing exits.<ref>{{cite book|last=Beynon-Davis|first=Paul|title=eBusiness|year=2013|publisher=Palgrave Macmillan|page=341}}</ref> The bulk-cargo door was replaced by an aft container door, which can take in reduced height [[Unit Load Device|LD3-45 containers]].<ref name="Meeting demand"/> Minor software changes were made to accommodate the different handling characteristics; otherwise the aircraft is largely unchanged. Power is provided by the CFM56-5A or V2500-A5, derated to {{cvt|98|kN|lbf|lk=in}}, with option for {{cvt|105|kN|lbf}} thrust.<ref>{{cite web |author=Henley, Peter |title=A319 flight test |url=http://www.flightglobal.com/pdfarchive/view/1997/1997%20-%202909.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120622054556/http://www.flightglobal.com/pdfarchive/view/1997/1997%20-%202909.html |archive-date=22 June 2012 |access-date=26 February 2011 |work=Flight International}}</ref>

With virtually the same fuel capacity as the A320-200 and fewer passengers, the range with 124 passengers in a two-class configuration extends to {{cvt|6,650|km|nmi}}, or {{cvt|6,850|km|nmi}} with the "Sharklets".<ref name="A319 specifications"/> The A319's wingspan is wider than the aircraft's overall length.

===Production and testing===
Airbus began offering the new model from 22 May 1992, and the A319's first customer was ILFC, who signed for six aircraft.<ref name="N&W p.54" /> Anticipating further orders by Swissair and Alitalia, Airbus launched the $275 million (€250 million) programme on 10 June 1993.<ref name="Meeting demand"/><ref name="N&W p.54">{{harvnb|Norris|Wagner|1999|p=54}}</ref><ref name="Gunston 2009 216">{{harvnb|Gunston|2009|p=216}}</ref> On 23 March 1995, the first A319 underwent final assembly at Airbus's German plant in Hamburg, where the A321s are also assembled. It was rolled out on 24 August 1995, with the maiden flight the following day.<ref>{{harvnb|Eden|2008|p=27}}</ref> The certification programme took 350 airborne hours involving two aircraft; certification for the CFM56-5B6/2-equipped variant was granted in April 1996, and the qualification for the V2524-A5 started the following month.<ref name="N&W p.55"/>

Delivery of the first A319, to [[Swissair]], took place on 25 April 1996, entering service by month's end.<ref name="N&W p.55">{{harvnb|Norris|Wagner|1999|p=55}}</ref> In January 1997, an A319 broke a record during a delivery flight by flying {{Convert|3588|nmi|km|sigfig=4}} on the [[great circle]] route to [[Winnipeg]], Manitoba from Hamburg, in 9 hours 5 minutes.<ref name="N&W p.55"/> The A319 has proved popular with low-cost airlines such as [[EasyJet]], with 172 delivered.<ref name="Airbus O&D"/>

A total of 1,484 of the A319ceo (current engine option) model have been delivered.<ref name="Airbus O&D"/>