Editing Agnes Martin (section)

==Early life==
Agnes Bernice Martin was born in 1912 to Scottish Presbyterian farmers in [[Macklin, Saskatchewan]], one of four children.<ref name=Smithsonian /><ref name=":1">{{Cite news |title=Agnes Martin: the quiet American |url=http://www.ft.com/cms/s/0/22341ab2-091f-11e5-b643-00144feabdc0.html |archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20221210/http://www.ft.com/cms/s/0/22341ab2-091f-11e5-b643-00144feabdc0.html |archive-date=2022-12-10 |newspaper=Financial Times |date=June 5, 2015 |access-date=October 5, 2015 |issn=0307-1766 |first=Rachel |last=Spence |url-access=subscription}}</ref><ref name=":2">[http://www.moma.org/collection/browse_results.php?criteria=O%3AAD%3AE%3A3787 MoMA | The Collection | Agnes Martin. (American, born Canada. 1912–2004)], ''Moma.org''. Accessed March 28, 2011.</ref> From 1919, she grew up in [[Vancouver]].<ref name=MorrisBell>{{cite book|title = Agnes Martin|last1=Morris |first1=Frances |last2=Bell |first2=Tiffany |publisher=Tate Publishing |year=2015 |isbn=978-1-84976-268-7 |location=London}}</ref>{{rp|237}} She moved to the [[United States]] in 1931 to help her pregnant sister, Maribel, in Bellingham, Washington.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Princenthal |first=Nancy |title=Agnes Martin: Her Life and Art |publisher=Thames & Hudson |year=2015 |isbn=978-0500294550 |edition=Paperback: Reprint |location=London |pages=29}}</ref><sup>:29</sup> She preferred American higher education and became an American citizen in 1950.<ref name=guggenheim>[http://www.guggenheimcollection.org/site/artist_bio_103.html Collection Online | Agnes Martin] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060215233601/http://www.guggenheimcollection.org/site/artist_bio_103.html |date=2006-02-15}}, ''Guggenheimcollection.org''. Accessed March 28, 2011.</ref> Martin studied at [[Western Washington University]] College of Education, [[Bellingham, Washington]], prior to receiving her B.A. (1942) from [[Teachers College, Columbia University]].<ref name="Cotter">{{cite news |first=Holland |last=Cotter |title=Agnes Martin, Abstract Painter, Dies at 92 |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2004/12/17/arts/design/17martin.html |date=December 17, 2004 |work=The New York Times |access-date=November 25, 2011}}</ref> It was while living in New York that Martin became interested in modern art and was exposed to artists such as [[Arshile Gorky]] (1904–1948), [[Adolph Gottlieb]] (1903–1974), and [[Joan Miró]] (1893–1983).<ref name="Régimbal, Christopher, 1982"/> She took a multitude of studio classes at Teachers College and began to seriously consider a career as an artist.

In 1947, she attended the Summer Field School of the University of New Mexico in [[Taos, New Mexico]].<ref name="MorrisBell" />{{rp|237}} After hearing lectures by the Zen Buddhist scholar [[D. T. Suzuki]] at Columbia, she became interested in Asian thought, not as a religious discipline, but as a code of ethics, a practical how-to for getting through life.<ref name="Cotter" /> A few years following graduation, Martin matriculated at the [[University of New Mexico]], Albuquerque, where she also taught art courses before returning to Columbia University to earn her M.A. (1952) in modern art.<ref>{{cite news |first=Christopher |last=Knight |title=Agnes Martin, 92; Abstract Painter Won the Golden Lion |url=https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-2004-dec-17-me-martin17-story.html |date=December 17, 2004 |work=Los Angeles Times |access-date=November 25, 2011}}</ref> She moved to New York City in 1957 and lived in a loft in [[Coenties Slip]] in lower Manhattan.<ref name="MorrisBell" />{{rp|238}} The Coenties Slip was also home to several other artists and their studios.<ref name="Régimbal, Christopher, 1982"/> There was a strong sense of community although each had their own practices and artistic temperaments. The Coenties Slip was also a haven for the queer community in the 1960s. It is speculated that Martin was romantically involved with the artist [[Lenore Tawney]] (1907–2007) during this time.<ref name="Régimbal, Christopher, 1982"/><ref>{{Cite book|last=Katz|first=Jonathan|title="Agnes Martin and the Sexuality of Abstraction," in Agnes Martin|publisher=Dia Art Foundation and Yale University Press|location=New York and New Haven|pages=176}}</ref> A pioneer of her time, Martin never publicly expressed her sexuality, but has been described as a "closeted homosexual."<ref>{{cite web|last1=Fiske|first1=Courtney|title=Agnes Martin|url=http://www.brooklynrail.org/2012/04/art_books/agnes-martin-fiske-apr2012|access-date=7 March 2015|website=www.brooklynrail.org|date=2 April 2012 |publisher=The Brooklyn Rail}}</ref> The 2018 biography ''Agnes Martin: Pioneer, Painter, Icon'' describes several romantic relationships between Martin and other women, including the dealer [[Betty Parsons]].<ref name="Martin2018">{{Cite book|last=Martin|first=Henry|title=Agnes Martin: pioneer, painter, icon|year=2018|publisher=Schaffner|isbn=978-1-943156-30-6|edition=First paperback|location=Tucson, Arizona|oclc=981962171}}</ref> She often employed a feminist lens when she critiqued fellow artists' work. [[Jaleh Mansoor]], an art historian, stated that Martin was "too engaged in a feminist relation to practice, perhaps, to objectify and label it as such."<ref>{{cite journal|last1=Schiff|first1=Karen L.|date=March 4, 2013|title=Agnes Martin, Under New Auspices|journal=Art Journal|volume=71|issue=3|pages=121–125}}</ref> It is worth noting that Martin herself did not identify as a feminist and even once told a ''New Yorker'' journalist in an interview that she thought "the women's movement had failed."<ref name="Régimbal, Christopher, 1982"/><ref>{{Cite news |last=Eisler |first=Benita |date=January 25, 1993 |title=Profile: Life Lines |work=New Yorker |pages=70–83 |volume=68 |issue=49 |issn=0028-792X}}</ref>

Martin was publicly known to have [[schizophrenia]],<ref name=":0" /> although it was undocumented until 1962.<ref name="Régimbal, Christopher, 1982"/> She even once opted for [[electric shock therapy]] for treatment at [[Bellevue Hospital]] in New York.<ref name=":1" /> Martin did have the support of her friends from the Coenties Slip, who came together after one of her episodes to enlist the help of a respected psychiatrist, who as an art collector was a friend to the community. However, her struggle was a largely private and individual one, and the full effect of the mental illness on her life is unknown.<ref name="Régimbal, Christopher, 1982"/>

Martin left New York City abruptly in 1967, disappearing from the art world to live alone.<ref name=":0">{{Cite news |title = Pretty as a picture |url = http://www.ft.com/cms/s/0/740d2868-fa30-11e4-a41c-00144feab7de.html |newspaper=Financial Times |date=May 22, 2015 |access-date=October 5, 2015 |issn = 0307-1766 |first = Charlie |last = Porter |url-access=subscription}}</ref> After eighteen months on the road camping across both Canada and the western United States, Martin settled in Mesa Portales, near [[Cuba, New Mexico]] (1968-1977).<ref name="Régimbal, Christopher, 1982"/> She rented a 50-acre property and lived a simple life in an adobe home that she built for herself, adding four other buildings over the years.<ref name="Régimbal, Christopher, 1982"/> During these years she did not paint, until 1971, when she was approached by curator [[Douglas Crimp]] who was interested in organizing her first solo non-commercial exhibition. Subsequently, Martin started to write and lecture at various universities about her work.<ref name="Régimbal, Christopher, 1982"/> Slowly Martin's interest in painting renewed as well. She approached [[Pace Gallery]] about her work and the gallery's founder [[Arne Glimcher]] (b.1938) became her lifelong dealer.<ref name="Régimbal, Christopher, 1982"/> Finally able to own her own property, she moved to [[Galisteo, New Mexico]], where she lived until 1993.<ref name="MorrisBell" />{{rp|240}} She built an adobe home there too, still choosing an austere lifestyle. Although she still preferred solitude and lived alone, Martin was more active in the art world, travelling extensively and showing in Canada, the United States, and internationally.<ref name="WPost" /> In 1993 she moved to a retirement residence in [[Taos, New Mexico]], where she lived until her death in 2004.<ref name="MorrisBell" />{{rp|242}}

Many of her paintings bear positive names such as ''Happy Holiday'' (1999) and ''I Love the Whole World'' (2000).<ref name=":1" /> In an interview in 1989, discussing her life and her painting, Martin said, "Beauty and perfection are the same. They never occur without happiness."<ref name="Smithsonian">{{cite web |url=http://www.aaa.si.edu/collections/interviews/oral-history-interview-agnes-martin-13296 |title=Oral history interview with Agnes Martin, 1989 May 15 |publisher=Archives of American Art, Smithsonian Institution |access-date=October 6, 2015}}</ref>