Editing Adobe Photoshop (section)

== Early history ==
<!-- Deleted image removed: [[Image:Photoshop ß.jpg|thumb|right|Photoshop 0.63, running on a [[Macintosh Quadra 605|Performa 475]].]] -->
Photoshop was developed in 1987 by two brothers, [[Thomas Knoll|Thomas]] and [[John Knoll]], who sold the distribution license to Adobe Systems Incorporated in 1988. Thomas Knoll, a Ph.D. student at the [[University of Michigan]], began writing a program on his [[Macintosh Plus]] to display [[grayscale]] images on a monochrome display. This program (at that time called '''Display''') caught the attention of his brother John, an [[Industrial Light & Magic]] employee, who recommended that Thomas turn it into a full-fledged image editing program. Thomas took a six-month break from his studies in 1988 to collaborate with his brother on the program. Thomas renamed the program ImagePro, but the name was already taken.<ref name="history">{{cite web |url=http://www.photoshopnews.com/feature-stories/photoshop-profile-thomas-john-knoll-10/ |title=Thomas & John Knoll |access-date=June 15, 2007 |author=Schewe, Jeff |year=2000 |work=PhotoshopNews | archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20070626013429/http://www.photoshopnews.com/feature-stories/photoshop-profile-thomas-john-knoll-10/| archive-date= June 26, 2007| url-status= usurped}}</ref> Later that year, Thomas renamed his program '''Photoshop''' and worked out a short-term deal with scanner manufacturer Barneyscan to distribute copies of the program with a [[Image scanner|slide scanner]]; a "total of about 200 copies of Photoshop were shipped" this way.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.storyphoto.com/multimedia/multimedia_photoshop.html |title=From Darkroom to Desktop—How Photoshop Came to Light |access-date=June 15, 2007 |author=Story, Derrick |date=February 18, 2000 |work=Story Photography |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070626182822/http://www.storyphoto.com/multimedia/multimedia_photoshop.html |archive-date=June 26, 2007 |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://boingboing.net/2018/05/23/photoshop-was-first-sold-as-ba.html|title=Photoshop was first sold as Barneyscan XP / Boing Boing|website=Boingboing.net|date=May 23, 2018|language=en-US|access-date=May 23, 2018|archive-date=December 12, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201212012403/https://boingboing.net/2018/05/23/photoshop-was-first-sold-as-ba.html|url-status=live}}</ref>

During this time, John traveled to [[Silicon Valley]] and gave a demonstration of the program to engineers at [[Apple Computer]] and Russell Brown, art director at [[Adobe Inc.|Adobe]]. Both showings were successful, and Adobe decided to purchase the license to distribute in September 1988.<ref name="history"/> While John worked on [[Plug-in (computing)|plug-ins]] in California, Thomas remained in [[Ann Arbor, Michigan|Ann Arbor]] writing code. ''Photoshop'' 1.0 was released on February 19, 1990, for [[Classic Mac OS|Macintosh]] exclusively.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.crisherentertainment.com/photoshop-born-two-brothers/ |title=Photoshop: Born from Two Brothers |publisher=CrisherEntertainment.com |date=February 28, 2013 |access-date=October 15, 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160701155932/http://www.crisherentertainment.com/photoshop-born-two-brothers/ |archive-date=July 1, 2016 |url-status=dead}}</ref><ref name=About>{{cite web|title=Adobe Photoshop 1.0 Feb. 1990 - 20 Years of Adobe Photoshop|url=http://graphicssoft.about.com/od/photoshop/ig/20-Years-of-Photoshop/Adobe-Photoshop-1-0.htm|work=Graphics Software|publisher=About.com|access-date=August 13, 2013|archive-date=April 26, 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160426212450/http://graphicssoft.about.com/od/photoshop/ig/20-Years-of-Photoshop/Adobe-Photoshop-1-0.htm|url-status=dead}}</ref> The Barneyscan version included advanced color editing features that were stripped from the first Adobe shipped version. The handling of color slowly improved with each release from Adobe and Photoshop quickly became the industry standard in digital color editing. When Photoshop 1.0 was released, digital retouching on dedicated high-end systems (such as the [[Scailex Corporation|Scitex]]) cost around $300 an hour for basic photo retouching. The list price of Photoshop 1.0 for Macintosh in 1990 was $895.<ref>{{cite magazine|last = Hurty|first = Arne|title = Adobe Photoshop 1.0 Review|date = June 1990|url = https://archive.org/details/MacWorld_9006_June_1990/page/n201|magazine = Macworld|publisher = Mac Publishing|pages = 186–188}}</ref><ref>{{cite magazine|last = Parascandolo|first = Salvatore|title = Photoshop Review|date = July 1990|url = https://archive.org/details/MacUser9007July1990/page/n55|magazine = MacUser|publisher = Dennis Publishing Ltd.|pages = 53–55}}</ref>

Photoshop was initially only available on Macintosh. In 1993, Adobe chief architect Seetharaman Narayanan [[ported]] Photoshop to [[Microsoft Windows]]. The Windows port led to Photoshop reaching a wider [[mass market]] audience as [[Microsoft]]'s global reach expanded within the next few years.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Simhan |first1=T.E. Raja |title=How Chennai native S Narayanan took Adobe Photoshop places |url=https://www.thehindubusinessline.com/info-tech/how-chennai-native-s-narayanan-took-adobe-photoshop-places/article9578056.ece |access-date=August 10, 2019 |work=[[The Hindu]] |date=January 13, 2018 |archive-date=August 11, 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190811062012/https://www.thehindubusinessline.com/info-tech/how-chennai-native-s-narayanan-took-adobe-photoshop-places/article9578056.ece |url-status=live}}</ref> On March 31, 1995, Adobe purchased the rights for Photoshop from Thomas and John Knoll for $34.5 million so Adobe would no longer need to pay a royalty for each copy sold.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Adobe Photoshop {{!}} software|url=https://www.britannica.com/technology/Adobe-Photoshop|access-date=January 23, 2021|website=Encyclopedia Britannica|language=en|archive-date=January 27, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210127141035/https://www.britannica.com/technology/Adobe-Photoshop|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|last=|first=|date=February 22, 1996|title=FORM 10-K|url=https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/796343/0000912057-96-002896.txt|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170224093546/https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/796343/0000912057-96-002896.txt |archive-date=February 24, 2017 |access-date=January 23, 2021|website=[[U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission]]}}</ref>