Editing Acetaldehyde (section)

==History==
Acetaldehyde was first observed by the Swedish pharmacist/chemist [[Carl Wilhelm Scheele]] (1774);<ref>Scheele, C. W. (1774) "Om Brunsten eller Magnesia nigra och dess egenskaper" (On brown-stone or black magnesia [i.e., manganese ore] and its properties), ''Kungliga Svenska vetenskapsakademiens handlingar'' (Proceedings of the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences), '''35''' :  89–116; 177–194.  On [https://books.google.com/books?id=5ME4AAAAMAAJ&pg=PA109 pages 109–110], Scheele mentions that refluxing ("digesting") ethanol (''Alkohol vini'') with manganese dioxide (''Brunsten'') and either hydrochloric acid (''Spirtus salis'') or sulfuric acid (''Spiritus Vitrioli'') produces a smell like ''"Aether nitri"'' (ethanol treated with nitric acid).  Later investigators realized that Scheele had produced acetaldehyde.</ref> it was then investigated by the French chemists [[Antoine François, comte de Fourcroy]] and [[Louis Nicolas Vauquelin]] (1800),<ref>Note:
*  Dabit, a pharmacist in Nantes, France, performed a series of experiments and concluded that acetaldehyde was formed when hydrogen in ethanol combined with oxygen in sulfuric acid to form water: {{cite journal |first= |last=Dabit |trans-title=Extract of the memoir by citizen Dabit on ether |title=Extrait du mémoire du cit. Dabit sur l'éther |journal=Annales de Chimie |volume=34 |pages=289–305 |date=1800 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=PDZQAAAAcAAJ&pg=PA289}}
*  Fourcroy and Vauquelin stated that sulfuric acid was not consumed in the production of acetaldehyde: {{cite journal |last=Fourcroy |last2=Vauquelin  |trans-title=On the ether prepared in the way of citizen Dabit |title=Sur l'éther préparé à la manière du cit. Dabit |journal=Annales de Chimie |volume=34 |pages=318–332 |date=1800 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=PDZQAAAAcAAJ&pg=PA318}}</ref> and the German chemists [[Johann Wolfgang Döbereiner]] (1821, 1822, 1832)<ref>See:
*{{cite journal |first=J.W. |last=Döbereiner |trans-title=New ethers |title=Neue Aether |journal=Journal für Chemie und Physik |volume=32 |pages=269–270 |date=1821 |url=http://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?q1=D%C3%B6bereiner;id=nyp.33433069069122;view=1up;seq=301;start=1;size=10;page=search;num=270#view=1up;seq=287}}  Döbereiner named the new "ether" ''"Sauerstoffäther"'' (oxygen-ether).
*{{cite journal |first=J.W. |last=Döbereiner |trans-title=Döbereiner's apparatus for the preparation of oxygen-ether |title=Döbereiner's Apparat zur Darstellung des Sauerstoffaethers |journal=Journal für Chemie und Physik |volume=34 |pages=124–5 |date=1822 |url=http://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?num=124&u=1&seq=344&view=1up&size=100&id=nyp.33433069069148&q1=D%C3%B6bereiner#view=1up;seq=140}}
*{{cite journal |first=J.W. |last=Döbereiner |trans-title=Formation of oxy-ether by atmospheric oxidation of alcohol |title=Bildung des Sauerstoff-Aethers durch atmosphärische Oxidation des Alkohols |journal=Journal für Chemie und Physik |volume=64 |pages=466–8 |date=1832 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=mAYAAAAAMAAJ&pg=PA466}} In this paper, Döbereiner made acetaldehyde by exposing ethanol vapor to air in the presence of platinum black.</ref> and [[Justus von Liebig]] (1835).<ref>{{cite journal |first=Justus |last=Liebig |trans-title=On the products of oxidation of alcohol [i.e., ethanol] |title=Ueber die Producte der Oxydation des Alkohols |journal=Annalen der Chemie |volume=14 |pages=133–167 |date=1835 |url=https://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=uva.x002457901;view=1up;seq=523}}</ref><ref>{{cite book |first=William H. |last=Brock |title=Justus von Liebig:  The Chemical Gatekeeper |publisher=Cambridge University Press |date=1997 |isbn=0-521-52473-3 |pages=[https://books.google.com/books?id=VugoemP2th0C&pg=PA83 pp. 83–84] }}</ref>

In 1835, Liebig named it "aldehyde",<ref>{{cite journal |first=J. |last=Liebig |trans-title=On the products of the oxidation of alcohol |title=Sur les produits de l'oxidation de l'alcool |journal=Annales de Chimie et de Physique |volume=59 |pages=289–327 See p. 290 |date=1835 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=85c5AAAAcAAJ&pg=PA289 |quote=Je le décrirai dans ce mémoire sous le nom ''d'aldehyde''; ce nom est formé de ''alcool dehydrogenatus''. [I will describe it in this memoir by the name of ''aldehyde''; this name is formed from ''alcohol dehydrogenatus''.]}}</ref> and in the middle of the century the name was altered to "acetaldehyde".<ref>{{Cite book |last=Schlossberger |first=Julius Eugen |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=NWA3AAAAMAAJ&pg=PA234 |title=Lehrbuch der organischen Chemie mit besonderer Rücksicht auf Physiologie und Pathologie, auf Pharmacie, Technik und Landwirthschaft |date=1850 |publisher=Müller |language=de}}</ref>