Editing 630 (section)

== Events ==
<onlyinclude>

=== By place ===
==== Byzantine Empire ====
* [[March 21]] &ndash; Emperor [[Heraclius]] returns the [[True Cross]], one of the holiest Christian [[relic]]s, to [[Jerusalem]]. He tries to promote [[Monothelitism]], which is rejected by the Christians.<ref>{{cite book|title=Rome at War AD 293–696|year=2002|first=Michael|last=Whitby|authorlink=Michael Whitby|location=London|publisher=Osprey|page=76|isbn=1-84176-359-4}}</ref>
* Heraclius issues a [[decree]] that all Jews must become Christian; a [[massacre]] follows around Jerusalem and in [[Galilee]] ([[Israel]]), some survivors fleeing to the [[Daraa]] area.{{sfn|Nicolle|1994|p=62}}
* [[Chorpan Tarkhan]], general of the [[Khazars]], invades and devastates [[Roman Armenia]]. He defeats a Persian cavalry force (10,000 men) sent by [[Shahrbaraz]] to repel the invasion.

====Central America====
*[[October 1]] &ndash; [[Tajoom Ukʼab Kʼahkʼ]], the [[Maya rulers|ruler of the Mayan city state]] of [[Calakmul]] in southern [[Mexico]] dies after a reign of eight years and is succeeded by [[Yuknoom Head|Cauac]], who reigns until 636.

==== Scandinavia ====
* [[Yngling]] King [[Olof Trätälja]] founds a [[colony]] in [[Värmland]]. He is expelled from his native [[Västergötland]] (in modern-day [[Sweden]]) (according to the ''[[Ynglingatal]]'').

==== Britain ====
* King [[Ricberht of East Anglia]] dies and is succeeded by [[Sigeberht of East Anglia|Sigeberht]], who returns from exile in France. He rules together with his kinsman [[Ecgric of East Anglia|Ecgric]], re-establishing [[Christianity]]. 
* King [[Penda of Mercia]] besieges [[Exeter]] in southwest England. King [[Cadwallon ap Cadfan]] of [[Kingdom of Gwynedd|Gwynedd]] lands with a force nearby, and negotiates an [[Military alliance|alliance]] with Penda.
* [[Eanswith]], daughter of King [[Eadbald of Kent]], founds the [[Order of Saint Benedict|Benedictine]] [[Folkestone Priory]], the first [[nunnery]] in England.<ref>{{cite book|last=Yorke|first=Barbara|authorlink=Barbara Yorke|year=2003|title=Nunneries and the Anglo-Saxon Royal Houses|location=London|publisher=Continuum|page=23|isbn=0-8264-6040-2}}</ref>

==== Persia ====
* [[April 27]] &ndash; King [[Ardashir III]], age 9, is murdered after an 18 month reign. He is succeeded by Shahrbaraz who becomes ruler (''[[shah]]'') of the [[Sasanian Empire]].<ref>{{cite book|first=Parvaneh|last=Pourshariati|title=Decline and Fall of the Sassanid Empire|location=London|publisher=I.B. Tauris|year=2008|isbn=978-1-84511-645-3|pages=181–183}}</ref>
* [[June 9]] &ndash; Shahrbaraz is killed and succeeded by [[Borandukht]], daughter of former king [[Khosrow II]]. She ascends the [[throne]] as 26th monarch of [[Iran|Persia]], before being deposed in favour of [[Shapur-i Shahrvaraz]], whose brief reign is then followed by that of her sister [[Azarmidokht]].

==== Arabia ====
* [[January]] &ndash; [[Battle of Hunayn]]: Muhammad defeats the [[Bedouin]] tribe of [[Hawazin]] (12,000 men) in a valley, on one of the roads leading to [[Ta'if]] (Western [[Saudi Arabia|Arabia]]). 
* [[February 5]] &ndash; [[Siege of Ta'if]]: [[Muhammad]] begins to besiege Ta'if and brings [[battering ram]]s and [[catapult]]s to suppress the fortress city, but is unable to penetrate it.<ref>{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Feo9AAAAYAAJ&pg=PA145|title=The Life of Mahomet and the History of Islam|volume=4|first=William|last=Muir|authorlink=William Muir|location=London|publisher=Smith, Elder|year=1861|page=145}}</ref>
* [[December 11]] &ndash; [[Conquest of Mecca]]: A Muslim army (10,000 men) marches on [[Mecca]], which surrenders. [[Muhammad]] takes the city from the [[Quraysh]]

==== Asia ====
* [[Illig Qaghan]], ruler (''[[khagan]]'') of the [[Eastern Turkic Khaganate]], is captured by [[Li Jing (Tang dynasty)|Li Jing]] during the [[Tang campaign against the Eastern Turks]].

=== By topic ===
==== Religion ====
* [[Xuanzang]], Chinese [[Buddhist]] monk (''[[bhikkhu]]''), travels across the [[Gobi Desert]] to [[Hami City|Kumul]]. Following the [[Tian Shan]] mountain range of Central Asia westwards, he arrives in [[Turpan]].</onlyinclude>