Editing 554 (section)

== Events ==
<onlyinclude>

=== By place ===
==== Byzantine Empire ====
* [[August 13]] &ndash; Byzantine Emperor [[Justinian I]] issues [[Pragmatic Sanction of Justinian I|a pragmatic sanction]] reorganizing Italy, and rewards the praetorian prefect [[Liberius (praetorian prefect)|Liberius]] for over 60 years of distinguished service, granting him extensive [[Estate (land)|estate]]s in Italy.<ref>{{cite book|author-link=James J. O'Donnell|first=James|last=O'Donnell|title=Liberius|page=69}}</ref>
* [[August 15]] &ndash; The [[554 Anatolia earthquake]] takes place in the southwest coasts of [[Anatolia]] (Asia Minor). It affects the [[Güllük Gulf]] (Mandalya Gulf), and the island of [[Kos]].<ref name="Antonopoulos">Antonopoulos, 1980</ref>
* [[October]] &ndash; [[Battle of the Volturnus (554)|Battle of the Volturnus]]: In the spring Butilinus (Buccelin) has marched north; the Frankish army (infected by an [[epidemic]] of [[dysentery]] which kills their leader Leutharis (Lothair)) is reduced to about 30,000 men. The [[Byzantine army]], with 18,000 men (including a contingent of [[Goths]] under [[Aligern]]), marches south to meet them at [[Casilinum]] (on the banks of the [[Volturno|River Volturno]]). Byzantine eunuch general [[Narses]] sends a cavalry force under [[Chanaranges (Italy)|Chanaranges]] to destroy the supply wagons of the [[Franks]]. Outmanoeuvring Butilinus, he chooses a disposition similar to that at [[Battle of Taginae|Taginae]]. After a [[frontal assault]] on the Byzantine centre, the Franks and the [[Alamanni]] are annihilated, thus effectively ending the [[Gothic War (535–554)]]. Narses garrisons an army of 16,000 men in [[Italy]]. The recovery of the [[Italian Peninsula]] has cost the empire about 300,000 pounds of gold.<ref>{{cite book|author-link=John Julius Norwich|first=John Julius|last=Norwich|title=Byzantium: The Early Centuries|page=233}}</ref>

==== Europe ====
* Byzantine forces under Liberius seize [[Granada]] ([[Andalusia]]) and occupy the old province of [[Hispania Baetica|Baetica]]. Justinian I calls [[Belisarius]] out of retirement, to complete the consolidation of reconquered regions of Southern [[Spain]].
* [[Athanagild]] is crowned as king of the [[Visigoths]] and succeeds [[Agila I]]. He acknowledges the [[suzerainty]] of the [[Byzantine Empire]].

==== Asia ====
* [[Al-Mundhir III ibn al-Nu'man]] is defeated and killed by the [[Ghassanids]] under [[al-Harith ibn Jabalah]], at the battle of [[Yawm Halima]]; [['Amr III ibn al-Mundhir]] succeeds as king of the [[Lakhmids]].
* [[Baekje]] and the [[Gaya Confederacy]] wage war upon [[Silla]], one of the [[Three Kingdoms of Korea]], but are defeated.
* [[Wideok of Baekje|Wideok]] becomes king of the Korean kingdom of [[Baekje]].<ref>{{cite web |title=List of Rulers of Korea |url=https://www.metmuseum.org/toah/hd/koru/hd_koru.htm |website=www.metmuseum.org |access-date=21 April 2019}}</ref>
* [[Muqan Qaghan]] succeeds his brother [[Issik Qaghan]] as emperor (''[[khagan]]'') of the [[Göktürks]]. 
* The second and larger of the two [[Buddhas of Bamyan]] is erected in central [[Afghanistan]].<ref>[[Roger Cohen|Cohen, Roger]]. "Return to Bamiyan", ''The New York Times'', October 29, 2007. Accessed October 29, 2007.</ref>

==== China ====
* [[Emperor Gong of Western Wei|Gong Di]] succeeds his brother [[Emperor Fei of Western Wei|Fei Di]] as emperor of [[Western Wei]]. He is deposed by general [[Yuwen Tai]] who puts him to death.
* Siege and Fall of Jiangling: The Western Wei forces launched a military campaign against the Liang dynasty, targeting Jiangling, the Liang capital.
* After a protracted siege, Jiangling fell to the Western Wei army.
* Emperor Yuan of Liang (Xiao Yi) was captured during this assault and was subsequently executed.
* Mass Enslavement and Destruction: Following the capture of Jiangling, the city faced extensive looting and destruction. Historical records indicate that a large portion of the population was either killed or enslaved. The fall of Jiangling significantly weakened the Liang dynasty, leading to further internal strife and fragmentation. Power vacuums emerged, causing shifts in control among the remaining regional powers.  
* [[Wei Shou]] completes compilation of the ''[[Book of Wei]]''.

=== By topic ===
==== Religion ====
* [[Cassiodorus]], Roman statesman, founds the [[Cassiodorus#|Monastery at Vivarium]] (approximate date).<ref>Jean Leclerq, ''"The Love of Learning and the Desire for God"'', 2nd revised edition (New York: Fordham, Fordham University Press, (1977), p. 25</ref>
</onlyinclude>