Editing 366 BC (section)

== Events ==
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=== By place ===
==== Persian Empire ====
* In [[Achaemenid Empire|Persia]], a number of [[satrap]]s of King [[Artaxerxes II]] begin a revolt, in alliance with Athens, Sparta, and Egypt, that lasts until [[358 BC]].

==== Greece ====
* [[Athens]] founds the town of [[Kos, Greece|Kos]] on the island of [[Kos]] in the [[Aegean Sea]].
* [[Thebes, Greece|Theban]] leader, [[Epaminondas]], returns to the [[Peloponnesus]] for a third time, seeking to secure the allegiance of the states of [[Achaea]]. Although no army dares to challenge him in the field, the [[Democracy|democratic governments]] he establishes there are short-lived, as pro-[[Sparta]]n aristocrats soon return to the cities, reestablish the [[oligarchies]], and bind their cities ever more closely to Sparta.
* Thebes makes peace with Sparta and then turns its attention on Athens, which is trying to revive its maritime empire and is interfering in [[Macedon]]ian dynastic quarrels.
* [[Thebes, Greece|Thebes]] captures the city of [[Oropus]].<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Shrimpton |first=G. S. |date=1971 |title=The Theban Supremacy in Fourth-Century Literature |url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/1088061 |journal=Phoenix |volume=25 |issue=4 |pages=310–318 |doi=10.2307/1088061 |issn=0031-8299}}</ref>

==== Sicily ====
* The experiment by [[Dion (tyrant of Syracuse)|Dion]] (brother-in-law of [[Dionysius I of Syracuse|Dionysius I]]) and Plato to educate the new ruler of [[Syracuse, Sicily|Syracuse]], [[Dionysius II of Syracuse|Dionysius II]], in the practical application of Plato's philosophical principles fails and Dion and Plato are banished from Syracuse.

==== Roman Republic ====
* The use of military tribunes with consular power is abandoned permanently and the dual consulship is restored. A new magistracy is established, which is called the praetorship. Its holder, the [[praetor]], is elected annually by the Assembly and takes charge of civil matters, thus relieving the consuls of this responsibility. The praetor is regarded as a junior colleague of the [[consuls]]. Nevertheless, the praetor can command an army, convene a Senate or an assembly, as well as exercise the consular functions.
* Two additional aediles, called [[curule]] ("higher") [[aediles]], are created in the [[Roman Republic|Roman]] hierarchy. These are at first [[Patrician (ancient Rome)|patricians]]; but those of the next year are [[plebeians]] and so on year by year alternately. They are elected in the assembly of the tribes, with the [[consul]] presiding.

=== By topic ===
==== Arts ====
* ''The Abduction of [[Persephone]]'', detail of a wall painting in Tomb I (Small Tomb) in [[Vergina]], [[Macedon]]ia, is made (approximate date).
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