Editing 2020s (section)

==Politics and wars==
{{Main|2020s in military history}}
{{See also|List of sovereign states in the 2020s}}

===Major conflicts===
{{Main|List of wars: 2003–present}}
The prominent wars of the decade include:

====International wars====
{| class="wikitable mw-collapsible sortable"
|-
! style="width:130px;"| Name
! style="width:110px;"| Start date
! style="width:110px;"| End date
! Description
|-
| [[Israeli–Palestinian conflict|Israeli-Palestinian conflict]]
* [[2021 Israel–Palestine crisis|2021 Palestine–Israel crisis]]
* [[October 7 Hamas-led attack on Israel]]
* [[Gaza war]]
|Late 19th or early 20th century
* 6 May 2021
* 7 October 2023
| ''Ongoing''
* 21 May 2021
* ''Ongoing''
| The [[Israeli–Palestinian conflict]], which began in the late 19th or early 20th century, erupted into 11 days of open violence in May 2021 after the attempted eviction of Palestinians in the West Bank by Israeli settlers and an Israeli police raid on [[Al-Aqsa Mosque]],<ref>{{Cite web |last=Staff |first=Vox |date=2021-05-17 |title=Israeli-Palestinian tensions erupt into open conflict |url=https://www.vox.com/22440330/israel-palestine-gaza-airstrikes-hamas-updates-2021 |access-date=2025-01-23 |website=Vox |language=en-US}}</ref> with leading militant group [[Hamas]] launching over 4,000 rockets into Israel.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2021-08-12 |title=Palestinian Rockets in May Killed Civilians in Israel, Gaza {{!}} Human Rights Watch |url=https://www.hrw.org/news/2021/08/12/palestinian-rockets-may-killed-civilians-israel-gaza |access-date=2025-01-23 |language=en}}</ref> The subsequent unrest caused extensive damage primarily, but not entirely, to Palestinians. The outbreak ended on 19 May.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2021-05-21 |title=Israel, Hamas agree to cease-fire to end bloody 11-day war |url=https://apnews.com/article/israel-palestinian-cease-fire-hamas-caac81bc36fe9be67ac2f7c27000c74b |access-date=2025-01-23 |website=AP News |language=en}}</ref>
On [[October 7 Hamas-led attack on Israel|7 October 2023]], Hamas and other Gazan militant groups conducted an armed attack on Israel, killing 797 civilians and taking 251 hostages back into Gaza. The subsequent war between Israel and Hamas has resulted in more than 50,000 casualties as of 2024, more than all the preceding decades of the conflict combined. The war has become a [[International reactions to the Gaza war|major point of discussion]] across the world.
|-
|[[Kurdish–Turkish conflict (1978–present)|Kurdish–Turkish conflict]]
|27 November 1978
|''Ongoing''
|Numerous Kurdish groups, including the [[Kurdistan Workers' Party]] (the PKK) have fought for an independent Kurdistan incorporating parts of Turkey. In 2020, Turkey launched [[Operations Claw-Eagle and Tiger|an insurgency]] in [[Iraqi Kurdistan]]. After a [[Syrian civil war#Renewed rebel offensives and fall of the Assad regime (2024)|rebel offensive]] overthrew the regime of Syrian President [[Bashar al-Assad]], Turkey renewed its offensive against [[Autonomous Administration of North and East Syria|Kurdish-held territories]] in Northern Syria.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Broomfield |first=Matt |date=2025-01-15 |title=What Does the Future Hold for Syrian Kurds Post-Assad? |url=https://www.thenation.com/article/world/kurds-syria-post-assad-turkey/ |access-date=2025-01-23 |language=en-US |issn=0027-8378}}</ref>
|-
| [[Nagorno-Karabakh conflict]]
* [[Second Nagorno-Karabakh War]]
* [[2023 Azerbaijani offensive in Nagorno-Karabakh|2023 offensive]]
|February 1988
* 27 September 2020
* 19 September 2023
|1 January 2024
* 10 November 2020
* 20 September 2023
|The region of [[Nagorno-Karabakh]] has been disputed between the governments of [[Armenia]] and [[Azerbaijan]], as well as the breakaway state, the [[Republic of Artsakh]]. Following the [[First Nagorno-Karabakh War|first war's]] [[Bishkek Protocol|ceasefire]] cross-border skirmishes persisted including in July 2020, when [[July 2020 Armenian–Azerbaijani clashes|a series of border skirmishes]] left at least 15 dead. A [[Second Nagorno-Karabakh War|second war]] broke out later that year and ended after another [[2020 Nagorno-Karabakh ceasefire agreement|ceasefire]]. A [[Armenia–Azerbaijan border crisis|border crisis]] and [[Blockade of the Republic of Artsakh (2022–present)|blockade]] ensued until a [[2023 Nagorno-Karabakh clashes|2023 offensive]] into the region by Azerbaijan. [[Republic of Artsakh|Artsakh]] dissolved on 1 January 2024, ending the conflict.
|-
| [[War on terror]]
* [[War in Afghanistan (2001–2021)|War in Afghanistan]]
* [[Iraqi conflict|Iraq conflict]]
| 11 September 2001
* 7 October 2001
* 20 March 2003
| ''Ongoing ''
* 30 August 2021
* ''Ongoing''
| Motivated by the [[September 11 attacks|9/11 attacks]], the [[United States]] and other governments started a large scale effort to eliminate terrorism.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://georgewbush-whitehouse.archives.gov/news/releases/2003/02/20030214-7.html |title=President Bush Releases National Strategy for Combating Terrorism |date=14 February 2003 |access-date=10 October 2018 |archive-date=12 October 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171012063823/https://georgewbush-whitehouse.archives.gov/news/releases/2003/02/20030214-7.html |url-status=live}}</ref> With support from [[NATO]], the United States [[United States invasion of Afghanistan|invaded Taliban-controlled Afghanistan]] and overthrew the government; however, U.S. forces remained in the country to stabilise the situation.<ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.cleveland.com/nation/index.ssf/2009/12/obamas_speech_on_adding_30000.html |title=Updated: Obama speech balances Afghanistan troop buildup with exit pledge |date=1 December 2009 |publisher=Associated Press |access-date=26 June 2016 |archive-date=12 June 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180612162409/https://www.cleveland.com/nation/index.ssf/2009/12/obamas_speech_on_adding_30000.html |url-status=live}}</ref> Two years later, on the pretext that the government of [[Saddam Hussein]] had [[weapons of mass destruction]],<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.smh.com.au/articles/2003/09/23/1064082978207.html |title=Pilger claims White House knew Saddam was no threat |website=The Sydney Morning Herald |date=23 September 2003 |access-date=26 June 2016 |archive-date=6 December 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111206195957/http://www.smh.com.au/articles/2003/09/23/1064082978207.html |url-status=live}}</ref> the United States and a coalition of partners [[2003 invasion of Iraq|invaded Iraq]] and overthrew Hussein's regime,<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.pbs.org/newshour/updates/baghdad_04-09-03.html |title=Online NewsHour Update: Coalition Says Iraqi Regime Has Lost Control of Baghdad – April 9, 2003 |date=1 December 2010 |access-date=26 June 2016 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101201163438/http://www.pbs.org/newshour/updates/baghdad_04-09-03.html |archive-date=1 December 2010}}</ref> after which the U.S. occupied the country, officially leaving in 2011.<ref>{{Cite book |first=Ali A. |last=Allawi |title=The Occupation of Iraq: Winning the War, Losing the Peace |url=https://archive.org/details/occupationofiraq00alla |url-access=registration |publisher=Yale University Press |date=2007 |isbn=9780300110159 |author-link=Ali A. Allawi}}</ref> However, insurgencies remained active in both countries, long after the invasions.<ref>{{Cite news |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2004/11/13/washington/world/world-briefing-asia-afghanistan-taliban-leader-vows-return.html |title=World Briefing {{!}} Asia: Afghanistan: Taliban Leader Vows Return |first=Carlotta |last=Gall |date=13 November 2004 |newspaper=The New York Times |access-date=26 June 2016 |archive-date=25 May 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240525153745/https://www.nytimes.com/2004/11/13/washington/world/world-briefing-asia-afghanistan-taliban-leader-vows-return.html |url-status=live}}</ref>
|-
|[[Kivu conflict]]
|2 June 2004
|''Ongoing''
|The Kivu conflict began in 2004 in the eastern Congo as an armed conflict between the [[military of the Democratic Republic of the Congo]] (FARDC) and the [[Hutu Power]] group [[Democratic Forces for the Liberation of Rwanda]] (FDLR) in the Democratic Republic of the Congo. It has broadly consisted of three phases, the third of which is an ongoing conflict.
|-
| [[Syrian civil war]]
* [[Turkish occupation of northern Syria]]
| 15 March 2011
|''Ongoing''
| In March 2011, popular discontent with the rule of [[Bashar al-Assad]] triggered [[Syrian revolution|large-scale protests]] and [[pro-democracy]] rallies across Syria, as part of the wider [[Arab Spring]] protests in the region. After months of crackdown by the government's [[security apparatus]], various armed [[Syrian opposition to Bashar al-Assad|rebel groups]] such as the [[Free Syrian Army]] began forming across the country, marking the beginning of the [[Syrian Insurgency|Syrian insurgency]]. By mid-2012, the insurgency had escalated into a full-blown civil war until the [[fall of the Assad regime]] in December 2024, following [[2024 Syrian opposition offensives|major offensives]] led by the [[Syrian opposition to Bashar al-Assad|Syrian opposition]]. During the civil war, [[Turkey]] invaded parts of northern [[Syria]] in order to combat the [[Islamic State]], [[Syrian Democratic Forces]], and the [[Kurdistan Workers' Party|PKK]].
|-
| [[Russo-Ukrainian War]]
* [[Russian invasion of Ukraine|2022 Russian invasion]]
| 20 February 2014
* 24 February 2022
| ''Ongoing''
* ''Ongoing''
| Hostilities between the Ukrainian government and Russia-backed separatist forces [[War in Donbas (2014–2022)|in Eastern Ukraine]] have been ongoing since the [[Annexation of Crimea by the Russian Federation|Russian annexation of Crimea]] in 2014. In 2021 and early 2022, tensions escalated between the two countries due to a [[Prelude to the Russian invasion of Ukraine|build up of Russian troops on the Ukrainian border]]. Russia launched a [[Russian invasion of Ukraine|full invasion of Ukraine]] in February 2022.
|-
| [[War against the Islamic State|War against ISIS]]
| 13 June 2014
| ''Ongoing''
| In late-2013, a terrorist organisation called [[Islamic State|ISIS]] began making rapid advances and territorial gains in Iraq and Syria. It [[Fall of Mosul|captured Mosul]] in June<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2014/jun/10/iraq-sunni-insurgents-islamic-militants-seize-control-mosul |title=Isis insurgents seize control of Iraqi city of Mosul |last=Chulov |first=Martin |date=10 June 2014 |website=The Guardian |access-date=26 June 2016 |archive-date=29 April 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190429022223/https://www.theguardian.com/world/2014/jun/10/iraq-sunni-insurgents-islamic-militants-seize-control-mosul |url-status=live}}</ref> and made [[Raqqa]] its capital.<ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.longwarjournal.org/archives/2014/06/isis_announces_formation_of_ca.php |title=ISIS announces formation of Caliphate, rebrands as 'Islamic State' |work=The Long War Journal |date=29 June 2014 |access-date=26 June 2016 |archive-date=4 April 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190404155146/https://www.longwarjournal.org/archives/2014/06/isis_announces_formation_of_ca.php |url-status=live}}</ref> Various international coalitions were formed to help fight the militants.<ref>{{cite magazine |url=https://time.com/3273185/isis-us-nato/ |title=U.S. Forms Anti-ISIS Coalition at NATO Summit |last=Nicks |first=Denver |magazine=[[Time (magazine)|Time]] |access-date=26 June 2016 |archive-date=12 October 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181012154609/http://time.com/3273185/isis-us-nato/ |url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.cnn.com/2015/12/14/middleeast/islamic-coalition-isis-saudi-arabia/index.html |title=34 Islamic nations form coalition to fight terrorism |first1=Ed |last1=Payne |first2=Salma |last2=Abdelaziz |publisher=CNN |access-date=26 June 2016 |archive-date=7 May 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190507082417/https://www.cnn.com/2015/12/14/middleeast/islamic-coalition-isis-saudi-arabia/index.html |url-status=live}}</ref> By December 2017, ISIS had lost much of its former territory.
|-
| [[Saudi-led intervention in the Yemeni civil war|Saudi Arabian–led intervention in Yemen]]
| 26 March 2015
| ''Ongoing''
| During the [[Yemeni civil war (2014–present)|Yemeni civil war]], [[Saudi Arabia]], the [[United Arab Emirates]], and other countries part of a coalition invaded parts of Yemen in order to depose the [[Houthi movement|Houthi]]-controlled government.
|}

<gallery mode="packed" widths="185px" heights="140" perrow="4">
Image:Russian invasion of Ukraine 2022 montage (1).png|Montage of the [[Russian invasion of Ukraine]], part of the [[Russo-Ukrainian War]].
Image:Evacuation at Hamid Karzai International Airport 210821-M-AU949-0155.jpg|[[US Marines]] with [[Special Purpose Marine Air-Ground Task Force – Crisis Response – Central Command|SP-MAGTF-CR-CC]] at an evacuation checkpoint at Kabul Airport on 21 August during the [[2021 Fall of Kabul]], at the end of the [[War in Afghanistan (2001–2021)|War in Afghanistan]].
Image:Damage in Gaza Strip during the October 2023.jpg|Highrise residential building ″Palestine Tower″<ref>{{Cite AV media |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=UdH7aehL_IY |title=Gaza hit by Israeli strikes, buildings destroyed |work=AFP News Agency |date=26 October 2023 |access-date=26 October 2023 |via=www.youtube.com |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231026013359/https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=UdH7aehL_IY |archive-date=26 October 2023 |url-status=live}}</ref> in Gaza following an Israeli strike during the [[Gaza war]].
Image:Syrian rebels at Hama Military Airport.png|Syrian rebels at [[Hama Air Base]] during the [[Syrian civil war]].
</gallery>

====Civil wars====
{| class="wikitable mw-collapsible sortable"
|-
! style="width:130px;"| Name
! style="width:110px;"| Start date
! style="width:110px;"| End date
! Description
|-
|[[Myanmar conflict]]
* [[Myanmar civil war (2021–present)|Myanmar civil war]]
|2 April 1948
* 7 September 2021
|''Ongoing''
* ''Ongoing''
|[[Myanmar|Myanmar's]] long-running insurgencies escalated significantly into a major [[civil war]] in 2021 following the [[2021 Myanmar coup d'etat|2021 military coup]] and the subsequent brutal crackdown on the [[2021-2022 Myanmar protests|anti-coup protests]].
|-
| [[War in Darfur]]
| 26 February 2003
| 31 August 2020
| A peace agreement was signed on 31 August 2020 between the [[Government of Sudan|Sudanese authorities]] and several rebel factions to end armed hostilities.
|-
| [[Mexican drug war]]
| 11 December 2006
|''Ongoing''
| Following a rise in criminal violence as a result of drug trafficking in the country, Mexican President [[Felipe Calderón]] declared a war on drugs in December 2006.<ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.businessinsider.com/mexicos-drug-war-is-taking-worse-turn-2015-5 |title=Mexico's drug war is getting even worse |access-date=26 June 2016 |archive-date=17 June 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160617112719/http://www.businessinsider.com/mexicos-drug-war-is-taking-worse-turn-2015-5 |url-status=live}}</ref> Since the start of the war, the death toll from drug violence had sharply increased.<ref>{{cite news |url=http://ncronline.org/news/global/counting-mexicos-drug-victims-murky-business |title=Counting Mexico's drug victims is a murky business |website=National Catholic Reporter |date=March 2014 |access-date=26 June 2016 |archive-date=28 May 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160528192211/http://ncronline.org/news/global/counting-mexicos-drug-victims-murky-business |url-status=live}}</ref> Arrests of key cartel leaders led to increasing violence as cartels fought for control of trafficking routes into the United States.<ref>{{cite news |first=Traci |last=Carl |title=Progress in Mexico drug war is drenched in blood |date=10 March 2009 |agency=Associated Press |url=https://www.google.com/hostednews/ap/article/ALeqM5ilIZ5du3hOOeN7yatYIRIhFY-MJAD96RBGO00 |access-date=1 April 2009 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090315080309/https://www.google.com/hostednews/ap/article/ALeqM5ilIZ5du3hOOeN7yatYIRIhFY-MJAD96RBGO00 |archive-date=15 March 2009 |url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |title=High U.S. cocaine cost shows drug war working: Mexico |date=14 September 2007 |publisher=Reuters |url=https://www.reuters.com/article/domesticNews/idUSN1422771920070914 |access-date=1 April 2009 |archive-date=4 December 2008 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081204232646/https://www.reuters.com/article/domesticNews/idUSN1422771920070914 |url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite book |title=CRS Report for Congress: Mexico and the 112th Congress |chapter=Mexico – U.S. Relations: Issues for Congress |editor-first=Mark P. |editor-last=Sullivan |publisher=Congressional Research Service |pages=2, 13, 14 |date=18 December 2008 |chapter-url=http://www.fas.org/sgp/crs/row/RL32724.pdf |access-date=19 December 2019 |archive-date=10 June 2010 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100610113341/http://www.fas.org/sgp/crs/row/RL32724.pdf |url-status=live}}</ref>
|-
| [[Somali civil war (2009–present)|Somali civil war]]
* [[Las Anod conflict (2023–present)|2023 Las Anod conflict]]
| 31 January 2009
* 6 February 2023
|''Ongoing''
* ''Ongoing''
| In 2009, [[Al-Shabaab (militant group)|Al-Shabaab]], an Islamist militant group, began waging an insurgency against the newly formed [[Transitional Federal Government]]. In 2011, the federal government captured [[Mogadishu]]<ref>{{cite news |url=https://af.reuters.com/article/commoditiesNews/idAFL6E7J601H20110806 |title=Update 3-Somali government declares Islamist rebellion defeated |date=6 August 2011 |publisher=Reuters |access-date=26 June 2016 |archive-date=10 August 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160810134519/http://af.reuters.com/article/commoditiesNews/idAFL6E7J601H20110806 |url-status=dead}}</ref> and subsequently retook several towns across the country.<ref>{{Cite news |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-africa-20658236 |title=Somalia: 'Al-Shabab' militants forced out of Jowhar |publisher=BBC News |date=9 December 2012 |access-date=26 June 2016 |archive-date=10 September 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160910111203/http://www.bbc.com/news/world-africa-20658236 |url-status=live}}</ref> Since then, the government has attempted to clean out the remaining Al-Shabaab strongholds with help from [[African Union Mission to Somalia|AMISOM]] soldiers.<ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.raxanreeb.com/2014/09/somalia-president-says-godane-is-dead-now-is-the-chance-for-the-members-of-al-shabaab-to-embrace-peace/ |title=Somalia: President says Godane is dead, now is the chance for the members of al-Shabaab to embrace peace |publisher=RBC Radio |access-date=26 June 2016 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140906202740/http://www.raxanreeb.com/2014/09/somalia-president-says-godane-is-dead-now-is-the-chance-for-the-members-of-al-shabaab-to-embrace-peace/ |archive-date=6 September 2014}}</ref>
|-
| [[Mali War]]
| 16 January 2012
| ''Ongoing''
| In January 2012, a [[Tuareg rebellion (2012)|rebellion]] by [[Tuareg people|Tuaregs]] in Northern [[Mali]] began. After Malian president [[Amadou Toumani Touré]] was ousted in a coup d'état, Tuaregs captured Northern Mali,<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.google.com/hostednews/afp/article/ALeqM5grilySJ5EdrgURoNp1mt3AIJhTgg?do |title=Mali junta denounces 'rights violations' by rebels |last=Daniel |first=Serge |date=4 April 2012 |publisher=AFP |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130201201147/https://www.google.com/hostednews/afp/article/ALeqM5grilySJ5EdrgURoNp1mt3AIJhTgg?docId=CNG.915a5505555757d7df5029b5b99451cc.261 |archive-date=1 February 2013 |access-date=26 June 2016}}</ref> and declared it to be the independent state of [[Azawad]].<ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.aljazeera.com/news/africa/2012/04/20124644412359539.html |title=Tuaregs claim 'independence' from Mali |publisher=Al Jazeera |access-date=26 June 2016 |archive-date=7 April 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120407041147/http://www.aljazeera.com/news/africa/2012/04/20124644412359539.html |url-status=live}}</ref> However, shortly afterward, various Islamist groups took over Northern Mali from the Tuaregs and imposed sharia law on the region.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/worldnews/africaandindianocean/mali/9365390/Trouble-in-Timbuktu-as-Islamists-extend-control.html |title=Trouble in Timbuktu as Islamists extend control |first=Zoe |last=Flood |access-date=26 June 2016 |archive-date=6 July 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180706091133/https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/worldnews/africaandindianocean/mali/9365390/Trouble-in-Timbuktu-as-Islamists-extend-control.html |url-status=live}}</ref>
|-
| [[South Sudanese Civil War]]
| 15 December 2013
| 22 February 2020
| On 22 February 2020, rivals Kiir and Machar struck a unity deal and formed a coalition government, after an estimated 400,000 deaths and more than 4 million people displaced by the war.
|-
| [[Libyan civil war (2014–2020)|Libyan civil war]]
| 16 May 2014
| 23 October 2020
| Following the [[Factional violence in Libya (2011–2014)|factional violence]] that engulfed Libya after the fall of Muammar al-Gaddafi, a second civil war broke out among rival factions seeking control of the territory and oil of [[Libya]]. The conflict at the beginning was mostly between the [[House of Representatives (Libya)|House of Representatives]] (HoR) government that was controversially [[2014 Libyan parliamentary election|elected in 2014]], also known as the "[[Tobruk]] government"; and the rival [[General National Congress (2014)|General National Congress]] (GNC) government, also called the "[[National Salvation Government]]", based in the capital [[Tripoli, Libya|Tripoli]], established after [[Operation Odyssey Dawn]] and [[2014 Libyan coup d'état attempts|the failed military coup]].
|-
| [[Yemeni civil war (2014–present)|Yemeni civil war]]
| 16 September 2014
| ''Ongoing''
| Preceded by a [[Houthi insurgency in Yemen|decade-long Houthi insurgency]],<ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.thestar.com.my/news/world/2015/02/22/yemens-ousted-president-hadi-calls-for-houthis-to-quit-capital/ |title=Yemen's ousted president Hadi calls for Houthis to quit capital – World {{!}} The Star Online |access-date=26 June 2016 |archive-date=17 July 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180717041643/https://www.thestar.com.my/news/world/2015/02/22/yemens-ousted-president-hadi-calls-for-houthis-to-quit-capital/ |url-status=live}}</ref> the Yemeni Civil War began between two factions: the then-incumbent Yemeni government, led by [[Abdrabbuh Mansur Hadi]], and the [[Houthi movement|Houthi]] [[militia]], along with their supporters and allies. Both claim to constitute the [[Yemen]]i [[Government of Yemen|government]].<ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.foreignaffairs.com/articles/143295/asher-orkaby/houthi-who |agency=Foreign Affairs |title=Houthi Who? |first=Asher |last=Orkaby |date=25 March 2015 |access-date=25 March 2015 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150327115828/http://www.foreignaffairs.com/articles/143295/asher-orkaby/houthi-who |archive-date=27 March 2015}}</ref>
|-
| [[Philippine drug war]]
| 30 June 2016
| ''Ongoing''
| Following a rise in political and criminal violence as a result of drug trafficking in the country, the [[Philippines]] has been engaged in a drug war and escalating terrorism since [[President of the Philippines|Philippine President]] [[Rodrigo Duterte]] was [[Inauguration of Rodrigo Duterte|inaugurated]] on 30 June 2016. It had caused more than 5,000 deaths and over 150,000 arrests by the beginning of the decade.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2016-08-03/duterte-to-push-ahead-with-name-shame-in-drug-war-as-deaths-rise |title=Duterte to Push Ahead With Name-Shame in Drug War as Deaths Rise |first1=Clarissa |last1=Batino |first2=Cecilia |last2=Yap |date=3 August 2016 |website=Bloomberg |access-date=19 December 2019 |archive-date=1 January 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200101052252/https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2016-08-03/duterte-to-push-ahead-with-name-shame-in-drug-war-as-deaths-rise |url-status=live}}</ref><ref name="feb19cnn">{{Cite news |url=https://cnnphilippines.com/news/2019/02/16/SWS-Filipinos-drug-addicts-decrease-2018.html |title=SWS: Most Filipinos believe number of drug addicts decreased in 2018 |newspaper=CNN Philippines |access-date=2021-10-05 |archive-date=18 October 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211018210638/https://cnnphilippines.com/news/2019/02/16/SWS-Filipinos-drug-addicts-decrease-2018.html |url-status=dead}}</ref>
|-
|[[Islamic State insurgency in Iraq (2017–present)|Iraqi insurgency]]
| 9 December 2017
|''Ongoing''
|A part of the larger [[Iraqi conflict (2003–present)|Iraqi conflict]] that has been waged since [[Iraq War|2003]], the [[Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant]] has been engaged in an [[insurgency]] against the [[Federal government of Iraq|Iraqi government]] and [[Combined Joint Task Force – Operation Inherent Resolve|CJTF-OIR]] since the loss of territorial control in the [[War in Iraq (2013–2017)|Iraqi Civil War]] in 2017.
|-
| [[Ethiopian civil conflict (2018–present)|Ethiopian civil conflict]]
* [[Tigray War]]
* [[War in Amhara]]
|2 April 2018
* 3 November 2020
* 9 April 2023
|''Ongoing''
* 3 November 2022
* ''Ongoing''
|After years of increased tensions between the [[Tigray People's Liberation Front]] (TPLF) and the [[Ethiopia]]n and [[Eritrea]]n governments, a full-scale war broke out in November 2020, that has killed an estimated 300,000–500,000 people as of March 2022.<ref name="Ghent_death_toll">{{cite web |url=https://www.theglobeandmail.com/world/article-tigray-war-has-seen-up-to-half-a-million-dead-from-violence-and/ |title=Tigray war has seen up to half a million dead from violence and starvation, say researchers |work=The Globe and Mail |date=14 March 2022 |access-date=16 October 2022 |archive-date=19 December 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221219105708/https://www.theglobeandmail.com/world/article-tigray-war-has-seen-up-to-half-a-million-dead-from-violence-and/ |url-status=live}}</ref> On 2 November, both the Ethiopian government and TPLF [[Ethiopia–Tigray peace agreement|formally agreed to a cessation of hostilities]] and systematic, verifiable disarmament<ref>{{cite news |url=https://nationalpost.com/pmn/news-pmn/african-union-agreement-reached-on-permanent-cessation-of-hostilities-in-ethiopia |title=African Union: Agreement reached on permanent cessation of hostilities in Ethiopia |newspaper=National Post |date=2 November 2022 |access-date=10 November 2022 |archive-date=25 May 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240525153752/https://nationalpost.com/pmn/news-pmn/african-union-agreement-reached-on-permanent-cessation-of-hostilities-in-ethiopia |url-status=live}}</ref> though Tigrayan authorities allege that Ethiopia continued to launch attacks after the peace deal was signed<ref>{{Cite web |last=Tekle |first=Tesfa-Alem |date=2022-11-04 |title=Ethiopia government accused of drone attacks, shelling after peace deal |url=https://sudantribune.com/article266340/ |access-date= |website=[[Sudan Tribune]] |archive-date=4 November 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221104195220/https://sudantribune.com/article266340/ |url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2022-11-04 |title=Tigray rebels accuse Ethiopia of attacks after peace deal |url=https://www.france24.com/en/live-news/20221104-tigray-rebels-accuse-ethiopia-of-attacks-after-peace-deal |access-date= |website=France 24 |archive-date=5 November 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221105195140/https://www.france24.com/en/live-news/20221104-tigray-rebels-accuse-ethiopia-of-attacks-after-peace-deal |url-status=live}}</ref>
|-
|[[Sudanese civil war (2023–present)|Sudanese civil war]]
| 15 April 2023
|''Ongoing''
|In April 2023, clashes broke out in western [[Sudan]] between rival factions of the military government of Sudan. The conflict began with the [[paramilitary]] [[Rapid Support Forces]] (RSF) launching attacks on key government sites. {{As of|2023|04|23}}, both RSF leader [[Mohamed Hamdan Dagalo]] and Sudan's ''de facto'' leader and army chief [[Abdel Fattah al-Burhan]] have claimed control over several key government sites, including the general military headquarters, the [[Presidential Palace, Khartoum|Presidential Palace]], [[Khartoum International Airport]], Burhan's official residence, and the [[Sudan TV|SNBC]] headquarters.<ref name="BBC News">{{cite news |last1=Salih |first1=Zeinab Mohammed |author-link=Zeinab Mohammed Salih |last2=Igunza |first2=Emmanuel |date=15 April 2023 |title=Sudan: Army and RSF battle over key sites, leaving 56 civilians dead |work=[[BBC News]] |publisher=[[British Broadcasting Corporation]] |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-africa-65284945 |url-status=live |access-date=15 April 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230415084000/https://www.bbc.com/news/world-africa-65284945 |archive-date=15 April 2023}}</ref><ref name="CNN3">{{cite news |date=15 April 2023 |title=At least 25 killed, 183 injured in ongoing clashes across Sudan as paramilitary group claims control of presidential palace |publisher=[[CNN]] |url=https://www.cnn.com/2023/04/15/africa/sudan-presidential-palace-intl/ |url-status=live |access-date=15 April 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230417064549/https://www.cnn.com/2023/04/15/africa/sudan-presidential-palace-intl/ |archive-date=17 April 2023}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last1=Mullany |first1=Gerry |date=15 April 2023 |title=Sudan Erupts in Chaos: Who Is Battling for Control and Why It Matters |work=[[The New York Times]] |url=https://www.nytimes.com/article/sudan-khartoum-military.html |url-status=live |access-date=15 April 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230415181904/https://www.nytimes.com/article/sudan-khartoum-military.html |archive-date=15 April 2023}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last1=Akinwotu |first1=Emmanuel |date=15 April 2023 |title=Gunfire and explosions erupt across Sudan's capital as military rivals clash |publisher=[[NPR]] |location=[[Lagos, Nigeria]] |url=https://www.npr.org/2023/04/15/1170249456/gunfire-and-explosions-erupt-across-sudans-capital-as-military-rivals-clash |url-status=live |access-date=15 April 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230415141842/https://www.npr.org/2023/04/15/1170249456/gunfire-and-explosions-erupt-across-sudans-capital-as-military-rivals-clash |archive-date=15 April 2023}}</ref>
|-
|[[Wagner Group rebellion]]
|23 June 2023
|24 June 2023
|On 23 June 2023, [[Wagner Group]] leader [[Yevgeny Prigozhin]] led a "March for Justice" against the [[Russian government]] for a supposed attack on his men by the [[Russian Armed Forces|military]]. A day later however, as his convoy was encroaching on Moscow, Prigozhin called off the rebellion in exchange for amnesty and other unknown reasons.
|}

<gallery mode="packed" widths="185px" heights="140" perrow="4">
Image:Myanmar_civil_war_(2021–present)_townships_map.svg|Territorial control during [[Myanmar civil war (2021–present)]] as of early 2022.
Image:VOA Tigray Children2.jpg|A man passing by a destroyed [[T-72]] tank in [[Idaga Hamus (Saesi Tsaedaemba)|Idaga Hamus]] during [[Tigray war]].
Image:Screengrab of refugee camp from Number of Refugees Who Fled Sudan for Chad Double in Week.jpg|Sudanese refugee camp in [[Chad]] during [[Sudanese civil war (2023)]].
Image:Prigozhin rebellion Rostov tank with flowers in the muzzle June 24.jpg|A tank with flowers in the muzzle in [[Rostov-on-Don]] during the [[Wagner Group rebellion]] against the [[Russian government]].
</gallery>

===Revolutions and major protests===
{{Main|List of protests in the 21st century}}

Successful [[revolution]]s and otherwise major [[protest]]s of the decade include, but are not limited to:
{| class="wikitable sortable mw-collapsible"
! Event
! Date
! Country
! Events
! {{Abbr|Ref.|References}}
|-
|[[Dutch farmers' protests]]
|1 October 2019 – present
|{{flag|The Netherlands}}
|Demonstrations by Dutch [[Intensive animal farming|farmers]], characterised by the use of [[tractor]]s to block roads, and [[Occupation (protest)|occupy public spaces.]] The protests were triggered in October 2019 by a proposal in parliament to halve the country's livestock in an attempt to limit [[agricultural pollution]]. It was related to the [[Dutch nitrogen crisis]]. The farmers' protests combines action groups and an amalgamation of larger goals. Also, the party [[Farmer–Citizen Movement]] was founded, which has gained power in parliament.
|<ref>{{Cite web |title=How Dutch farmers became the center of a global right-wing culture war |url=https://www.nbcnews.com/news/world/dutch-farmers-emissions-global-right-wing-culture-war-rcna60269 |date=2022-12-12 |access-date=2023-12-25 |website=NBC News |archive-date=28 December 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231228015316/https://www.nbcnews.com/news/world/dutch-farmers-emissions-global-right-wing-culture-war-rcna60269 |url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2019-10-16 |title=Angry farmers cause Dutch police to close off parliament square |url=https://www.reuters.com/article/us-netherlands-farmers-protests/angry-farmers-cause-dutch-police-to-close-off-parliament-square-idINKBN1WV0SZ/ |access-date=2023-12-25 |website=Reuters}}</ref>
|-
|[[Indonesia omnibus law protests]]
| 13 January – November 2020
|{{flag|Indonesia}}
|Mass popular protests and riots against the deliberation and passage of the controversial [[Omnibus Law on Job Creation]], which was passed on 5 October 2020. The wider policies of President [[Joko Widodo]] were also protested against, and resulted in the formation of the new [[Labour Party (Indonesia, 2021)|Labour Party]].
|<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2020/10/9/demonstrations-sweep-indonesia-over-controversial-omnibus-law |title=Demonstrations sweep Indonesia over controversial labour law |work=Al Jazeera |date=2020-10-08 |access-date=2020-10-09 |archive-date=28 December 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201228083250/https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2020/10/9/demonstrations-sweep-indonesia-over-controversial-omnibus-law |url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=https://en.tempo.co/read/1394944/police-arrest-5918-allegedly-creating-chaos-omnibus-law-protests |title=Police Arrest 5,918 Allegedly Creating Chaos Omnibus Law Protests |work=Tempo.co |date=2020-10-11 |access-date=2020-10-11 |archive-date=8 June 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210608151829/https://en.tempo.co/read/1394944/police-arrest-5918-allegedly-creating-chaos-omnibus-law-protests |url-status=live}}</ref>
|-
|[[2020–2021 Belarusian protests]]
| 24 January 2020 – 25 March 2021
|{{flag|Belarus}}
|Mass popular protests and riots against the Belarusian government and President [[Alexander Lukashenko]]. The largest anti-government protests in the history of Belarus, the demonstrations began in the lead-up to and during the [[2020 Belarusian presidential election|2020 presidential election]], in which Lukashenko sought his sixth term in office.
|<ref>{{cite web |last=Hrydzin |first=Uladz |date=25 May 2020 |title=Belarusians Protest Against Lukashenka's Run For a Sixth Term As President |url=https://www.rferl.org/a/belarus-protests-politcs/30632716.html |publisher=Radio Free Europe/Radio Liberty |archive-date=26 May 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200526121826/https://www.rferl.org/a/belarus-protests-politcs/30632716.html}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |date=17 August 2020 |title=Protestors pack Belarus capital, Russia offers Lukashenko military help |publisher=France 24 |url=https://www.france24.com/en/20200817-protestors-pack-belarus-capital-russia-offers-lukashenko-military-help |archive-date=17 August 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200817231733/https://www.france24.com/en/20200817-protestors-pack-belarus-capital-russia-offers-lukashenko-military-help}}</ref>
|-
|[[George Floyd protests]]
|26 May 2020 – 26 May 2021
|{{flag|United States}}
|Protests and riots due to the [[murder of George Floyd]] spread throughout the United States with international protests in support. The stated goal was to end systemic [[racism]] and [[police brutality]]. [[2020–2023 United States racial unrest|Sporadic protests]] in response to racism and police brutality continued throughout the following years, while the [[George Floyd Square|street where Floyd was murdered]] is still [[George Floyd Square occupied protest|under control by protesters]].{{Citation needed|date=January 2025}}
| <ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.nytimes.com/article/george-floyd-protests-timeline.html |newspaper=[[The New York Times]] |last=Taylor |first=Derrick Bryson |title=George Floyd Protests: A Timeline |date=2 June 2020 |access-date=2 June 2020 |archive-date=2 June 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200602235547/https://www.nytimes.com/article/george-floyd-protests-timeline.html}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |last1=Burch |first1=Audra D. S. |last2=Harmon |first2=Amy |last3=Tavernise |first3=Sabrina |last4=Badger |first4=Emily |date=21 April 2021 |title=The Death of George Floyd Reignited a Movement. What Happens Now? |work=The New York Times |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2021/04/20/us/george-floyd-protests-police-reform.html |archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20211228/https://www.nytimes.com/2021/04/20/us/george-floyd-protests-police-reform.html |archive-date=28 December 2021 |url-access=limited |access-date=22 April 2021 |issn=0362-4331}}{{cbignore}}</ref>
|-
| [[2020–2021 Thai protests]]
| July 2020 – November 2021
| {{flag|Thailand}}
|Mass popular protests and riots against the government of Prime Minister [[Prayut Chan-o-cha]], the dissolution of the [[Future Forward Party]], changes to the constitution in 2017, and the country's political landscape. Resulted in the detention of leading figures.
| <ref>{{cite news |title=Explainer: What's behind Thailand's protests? |date=15 October 2020 |publisher=Reuters |url=https://www.reuters.com/article/us-thailand-protests-reasons-explainer-idUSKBN2700IX |access-date=21 October 2020 |archive-date=20 October 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201020004039/https://www.reuters.com/article/us-thailand-protests-reasons-explainer-idUSKBN2700IX |url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |date=19 September 2020 |title=Thais hold huge protest demanding reforms |work=BBC News |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-asia-54217284 |access-date=19 September 2020 |archive-date=19 September 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200919183532/https://www.bbc.com/news/world-asia-54217284 |url-status=live}}</ref>
|-
| [[2020–2021 Indian farmers' protest]]
| 9 August 2020 – 11 December 2021
| {{flag|India}}
| Protests and riots against [[2020 Indian agriculture acts|three farm acts]] that were passed by the Parliament of India in September 2020.
|<ref>{{Cite news |date=15 January 2021 |title=Farm Bills have potential to represent significant step forward for agriculture reforms in India: IMF |work=The Hindu |agency=Press Trust of India |url=https://www.thehindu.com/business/Economy/farm-bills-have-potential-to-represent-significant-step-forward-for-agriculture-reforms-in-india-imf/article33577480.ece |access-date=27 January 2021 |issn=0971-751X |archive-date=26 January 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210126061803/https://www.thehindu.com/business/Economy/farm-bills-have-potential-to-represent-significant-step-forward-for-agriculture-reforms-in-india-imf/article33577480.ece |url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |last1=Gettleman |first1=Jeffrey |last2=Singh |first2=Karan Deep |last3=Kumar |first3=Hari |date=30 November 2020 |title=Angry Farmers Choke India's Capital in Giant Demonstrations |work=The New York Times |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2020/11/30/world/asia/india-farmers-protest.html |url-status=live |access-date=1 December 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201201005737/https://www.nytimes.com/2020/11/30/world/asia/india-farmers-protest.html |archive-date=1 December 2020 |issn=0362-4331}}</ref>
|-
| [[2020 Kyrgyz Revolution]]
| 5–15 October 2020
| {{flag|Kyrgyzstan}}
| On 5 October, protests began in Kyrgyzstan in response to the annulled [[2020 Kyrgyz parliamentary election|parliamentary election]], which protesters felt were unfair with allegations of vote-rigging. A day later, the parliamentary elections were annulled. 6 days later, on 12 October, [[President of Kyrgyzstan|president]] [[Sooronbay Jeenbekov]] announced a state of emergency. On 15 October, Jeenbekov finally resigned, making way for [[Sadyr Japarov]], who was nominated by parliament on 14 October to be acting [[Chairman of the Cabinet of Ministers of Kyrgyzstan|prime minister]], as also acting president. Following the protests, Japarov was [[2021 Kyrgyz presidential election|elected]] president on 10 January 2021, on the same day a [[2021 Kyrgyz government system referendum|referendum]] was held on the Kyrgyz government system, in which the Kyrgyz voted for a reintroduction of the presidential system. The new [[Constitution of Kyrgyzstan|constitution]], passed by the [[Supreme Council (Kyrgyzstan)|Supreme Council]] was approved by voters in another [[2021 Kyrgyz constitutional referendum|referendum]] on 11 April 2021. Finally, on 28 November 2021, new [[2021 Kyrgyz parliamentary election|parliamentary elections]] took place.
|<ref>{{cite web |last1=Pannier |first1=Bruce |title=Backlash Against Kyrgyz Parliamentary Election Results Comes Instantly |url=https://www.rferl.org/a/backlash-against-kyrgyz-parliamentary-election-results-comes-instantly/30876459.html |website=Radio Free Europe/ Radio Liberty |publisher=RFE/RL, Inc. |access-date=5 October 2020 |archive-date=6 October 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201006013638/https://www.rferl.org/a/backlash-against-kyrgyz-parliamentary-election-results-comes-instantly/30876459.html |url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-asia-54422884 |title=Thousands protest over Kyrgyzstan election result |date=5 October 2020 |access-date=5 October 2020 |newspaper=[[BBC News]] |archive-date=12 October 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201012144323/https://www.bbc.com/news/world-asia-54422884 |url-status=live}}</ref>
|-
| [[2020–2021 women's strike protests in Poland]]
| 22 October 2020 – 27 January 2021
| {{flag|Poland}}
| Protest began on 22 October in response to a ruling of the [[Constitutional Tribunal (Poland)|Constitutional Tribunal]] of [[Julia Przyłębska]], mainly consisting of judges who were appointed by the ruling [[Law and Justice]] (PiS) in [[Polish Constitutional Tribunal crisis (2015 – ongoing)|illegal way]], which tightened the law on [[abortion]] making Poland the country with [[Abortion in Poland|the most stringent abortion law in Europe]] (except Malta, Andorra and Vatican). The ruling made almost all cases of abortion illegal, including those cases in which the foetus had a severe and permanent [[disability]], or an incurable and life-threatening disease.

The protests were the biggest protest in Poland since 1989 (creation of [[III Rzeczpospolita]]), and were directed against the ruling party (PiS) and the [[Catholic Church]], which had great influence on the government. As a result of the protests, the popularity of the ruling party fell by 10 percentage points, which was one of the main factors in the change of power in the [[2023 Polish parliamentary election|parliamentary elections in 2023]].
|<ref>{{cite web |last1=Jurszo |first1=Robert |title=80 miast w Polsce, 20 na świecie. Strajk Kobiet się nie zatrzymuje. Gdzie odbywają się protesty? |url=https://oko.press/80-miast-w-polsce-20-na-swiecie-strajk-kobiet-sie-nie-zatrzymuje-gdzie-odbywaja-sie-protesty |publisher=oko.press |access-date=23 January 2025 |language=pl |date=28 October 2020}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |last1=Musiałek |first1=Paweł |title=Nieoczywiste porażki, zwycięstwa i znaki zapytania. 10 powyborczych refleksji |url=https://klubjagiellonski.pl/2023/10/20/nieoczywiste-porazki-zwyciestwa-i-znaki-zapytania-10-powyborczych-refleksji/ |access-date=23 January 2025 |language=pl |date=20 October 2023}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |title=Poland abortion: Top court bans almost all terminations |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-europe-54642108 |date=23 October 2020 |website=bbc.com |access-date=23 January 2025 |archive-date=27 October 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201027002409/https://www.bbc.com/news/world-europe-54642108 |url-status=live}}</ref>
|-
|[[2020–21 United States election protests]]
* [[January 6 United States Capitol attack|United States Capitol attack]]
|4 November 2020 – 11 April 2021
* 6 January 2021
|{{flag|United States}}
|Protests began in multiple cities in the United States following the [[2020 United States presidential election]] between then-[[President of the United States|President]] [[Donald Trump]] and Democratic challenger [[Vice president of the united states|Vice President]] [[Joe Biden]], held on 3 November 2020. On 6 January 2021, following the defeat of U.S. President Donald Trump in the [[2020 United States presidential election|2020 presidential election]], a mob of his supporters attacked the [[United States Capitol|United States Capitol Building]] in [[Washington, D.C.]]
|
|-
| [[2021 Brazilian protests]]
| 15 January – December 2021
| {{flag|Brazil}}
|President [[Jair Bolsonaro|Bolsonaro's]] [[Presidency of Jair Bolsonaro|government's]] response to the [[COVID-19 pandemic in Brazil|COVID-19 pandemic]] culminated in mass popular protests and riots, with protests occurring in both support and opposition to the government and resulted in a failed impeachment attempt of Bolsonaro.
|<ref>{{cite web |title=Manifestações pró e contra Bolsonaro tomam conta da Esplanada |url=https://www.metropoles.com/brasil/manifestacoes-pro-e-contra-bolsonaro-tomam-conta-da-esplanada |date=1 May 2021 |publisher=Metrópoles |language=pt-br |access-date=4 May 2021 |archive-date=3 May 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210503180449/https://www.metropoles.com/brasil/manifestacoes-pro-e-contra-bolsonaro-tomam-conta-da-esplanada |url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |title=Thousands take to streets protesting Brazil's Bolsonaro |date=24 January 2021 |agency=APNews |url=https://apnews.com/article/brazil-rio-de-janeiro-coronavirus-pandemic-impeachments-sao-paulo-5ad797067890f06e0fd4d68bda7931fe |access-date=3 August 2022 |archive-date=26 January 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210126205353/https://apnews.com/article/brazil-rio-de-janeiro-coronavirus-pandemic-impeachments-sao-paulo-5ad797067890f06e0fd4d68bda7931fe |url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.terra.com.br/noticias/brasil/fora-bolsonaro-falam-ex-apoiadores-em-protestos-por-resposta-do-brasil-a-covid-19,9c7a529f98f887dc9d0cb2a863cfd6d9a5t8gl8j.html |title='Fora Bolsonaro!' falam ex-apoiadores em protestos por resposta do Brasil à Covid-19 |date=2021-01-25 |website=terra.com.br |language=pt-BR |access-date=3 August 2022 |archive-date=25 May 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240525153757/https://www.terra.com.br/noticias/brasil/fora-bolsonaro-falam-ex-apoiadores-em-protestos-por-resposta-do-brasil-a-covid-19,9c7a529f98f887dc9d0cb2a863cfd6d9a5t8gl8j.html |url-status=live}}</ref>
|-
| [[Myanmar protests (2021–present)]]
| 2 February 2021 – present
| {{flag|Myanmar}}
| Protests triggered after the [[2021 Myanmar coup d'état]], during the ongoing [[internal conflict in Myanmar]], and the [[Myanmar civil war (2021–present)|Myanmar civil war]].
|<ref name="Guardian220221">{{cite web |last1=Ratcliffe |first1=Rebecca |date=22 February 2021 |title=Myanmar junta warns of lethal force as crowds gather for 'five twos revolution' |url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2021/feb/22/myanmar-junta-warns-of-lethal-force-as-protesters-gather-for-five-twos-revolution |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210222050501/https://www.theguardian.com/world/2021/feb/22/myanmar-junta-warns-of-lethal-force-as-protesters-gather-for-five-twos-revolution |archive-date=22 February 2021 |access-date=22 February 2021 |newspaper=The Guardian}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |first1=Carly |last1=Walsh |first2=Akanksha |last2=Sharma |title=Protests break out in Myanmar in defiance of military coup |url=https://www.cnn.com/2021/02/06/asia/protests-myanmar-military-coup-intl-hnk/index.html |access-date=7 February 2021 |website=CNN |date=6 February 2021 |archive-date=21 February 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210221153148/https://www.cnn.com/2021/02/06/asia/protests-myanmar-military-coup-intl-hnk/index.html |url-status=live}}</ref>
|-
| [[2021–2023 Eswatini protests]]
| 20 June 2021 – Summer 2023
| {{flag|Eswatini}}
|A series of protests in [[Eswatini]] against the [[Ngwenyama|monarchy]] and for democratization began as a peaceful protest on 20 June, then escalated after 25 June into violence and looting over the weekend as the government took a hardline stance against the demonstrations and prohibited the delivery of petitions.
|<ref>{{cite web |title=Tensions run high in Eswatini as pro-democracy protests continue |url=https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2021/6/30/tensions-run-high-eswatini-pro-democracy-protests-continue |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210712050005/https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2021/6/30/tensions-run-high-eswatini-pro-democracy-protests-continue |archive-date=12 July 2021 |access-date=30 June 2021 |website=aljazeera.com}}</ref>
|-
| [[2021–2022 Iranian protests]]
* [[Mahsa Amini protests]]
| 15 July 2021 – 15 September 2022
* 16 September 2022 – 2023
| {{flag|Iran}}
| Throughout 2021 and 2022, crackdowns on the Iranian Democracy Movement, electricity blackouts, and economic conditions led to nationwide demonstrations, including [[2021 Iranian water protests|protests over water scarcity]] as well as [[2022 Iranian food protests|protests over food price hikes]]. The protests escalated rapidly in 2022 following the [[death of Mahsa Amini]], a 22-year-old woman who was detained by the "[[Guidance Patrol|morality police]]" for not wearing a [[hijab]]. The movement has led to a [[Detainees of the Mahsa Amini protests|large government crackdown]], [[Deaths during the Mahsa Amini protests|a death toll over 500]], and [[Reactions to the Mahsa Amini protests|international condemnation]] for the government's response while also fueling the ongoing anti-hijab movement in Iran and Iranian Democracy Movement.
|<ref>{{Cite web |date=2022-05-12 |title=The Ebrahim Raisi government just jacked up food prices. Iranians are understandably angry. |url=https://www.atlanticcouncil.org/blogs/iransource/the-ebrahim-raisi-government-just-jacked-up-food-prices-iranians-are-understandably-angry/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220512210654/https://www.atlanticcouncil.org/blogs/iransource/the-ebrahim-raisi-government-just-jacked-up-food-prices-iranians-are-understandably-angry/ |archive-date=2022-05-12 |access-date=2022-05-13 |website=Atlantic Council}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last1=Nimoni |first1=Fiona |date=16 September 2023 |title=Mahsa Amini: Protesters mark one year since death of Iranian student |agency=BBC News |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-66834156 |access-date=24 September 2023 |archive-date=22 September 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230922014505/https://www.bbc.com/news/world-66834156 |url-status=live}}</ref>
|-
| [[Lex TVN|Anti-lex TVN protests]]
| 10 September – 27 December 2021
| {{flag|Poland}}
| On 7 August 2021, [[Law and Justice|PiS]] MPs, which was then the ruling party, submitted a bill to the [[Sejm]] amending the "Broadcasting and the Cinematography Act" ("Ustawa o Radiofonii i Telewizji"), the aim of which was to revoke broadcasting licenses for stations with foreign capital exceeding 49%. This act severely affected the main opposition station [[TVN (Polish TV channel)|TVN]], which belonged to a Dutch holding company.

On 11 August, the act was put to a vote. During the vote, the act did not pass, because one of [[United Right (Poland)|PiS's coalition partner]], [[Agreement (political party)|Porozumienie]], voted against it. After reading the vote that was unfavorable for PiS, [[Marshal of the Sejm]] [[Elżbieta Witek]] called a recess, during which [[Kukiz'15]] MPs said that they had voted wrong, which resulted in a resumption of the vote during which the act passed.

In connection with these events, there were mass anti-government protests. As a result, the act was vetoed by [[Andrzej Duda]]. An additional consequence was the expulsion of Porozumienie from the government coalition. 
|<ref>{{Cite news |last1=Wlodarczak-semczuk |first1=Anna |last2=Florkiewicz |first2=Pawel |date=2021-12-27 |title=Polish president vetoes media bill, U.S. welcomes move |language=en |work=Reuters |url=https://www.reuters.com/business/media-telecom/polish-president-says-he-vetoed-media-law-2021-12-27/ |access-date=2021-12-27}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Sejmowa komisja kultury i środków przekazu o projekcie ustawy anty-TVN |url=https://tvn24.pl/polska/lex-tvn-ustawa-anty-tvn-w-komisji-sejmowej-marek-suski-przedstawicielem-wnioskodawcow-relacja-st5158297 |publisher=TVN24 |access-date=23 January 2025 |language=pl |date=27 July 2021}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |last1=Gąbka |first1=Adrian |title=Protesty w obronie TVN przetoczyły się przez cały kraj. "Nie wykluczamy kolejnych, zależy od sytuacji" |url=https://www.wirtualnemedia.pl/artykul/protesty-w-obronie-tvn-przetoczyly-sie-przez-caly-kraj-nie-wykluczamy-kolejnych-zalezy-od-sytuacji |publisher=Wirtualnemedia.pl |access-date=23 January 2025 |language=pl |date=11 August 2021}}</ref>
|-
| [[2022 Kazakh unrest]]
| 2–11 January 2022
| {{flag|Kazakhstan}}
| Protests erupt in Kazakhstan on 2 January 2022 after a sudden sharp increase in liquefied gas prices following the lifting of a government-enforced [[price cap]] on 1 January.
|<ref>{{Cite web |last=Litvinova |first=Dasha |date=2022-01-10 |title=Nearly 8,000 detained in Kazakhstan amid unrest |url=https://apnews.com/article/kazakhstan-europe-national-security-terrorism-2c026ecb00584aba668f320d4482d0f1 |access-date=2022-01-10 |website=[[AP News]] |archive-date=10 January 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220110093014/https://apnews.com/article/kazakhstan-europe-national-security-terrorism-2c026ecb00584aba668f320d4482d0f1 |url-status=live}}</ref>
|-
| [[Canada convoy protest]]
| 22 January – 23 February 2022
| {{flag|Canada}}
| A series of [[Protests over responses to the COVID-19 pandemic|protests]] and [[blockades]] in Canada against [[COVID-19 vaccination in Canada#Vaccine mandates, policies and measures|COVID-19 mandates]] and restrictions, called the [[Freedom Convoy]].
| <ref>{{Cite web |last=Seto |first=Chris |date=27 January 2022 |title='Freedom Convoy' highlights frustrations over COVID-19 mandates |url=https://www.therecord.com/news/waterloo-region/2022/01/27/freedom-rally-to-roll-through-waterloo-region-thursday-morning.html |access-date=28 January 2022 |website=therecord.com |archive-date=3 March 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220303200930/https://www.therecord.com/news/waterloo-region/2022/01/27/freedom-rally-to-roll-through-waterloo-region-thursday-morning.html |url-status=live}}</ref>
|-
| [[Protests against the Russian invasion of Ukraine]]
* [[Anti-war protests in Russia (2022–present)|2022 anti-war protests in Russia]]
| 24 February 2022 – present
| {{flag|Russia}}
| A series of protests and anti-war demonstrations held in Russia and worldwide against the [[Russian invasion of Ukraine]] and [[opposition to Vladimir Putin in Russia]].
|<ref>{{cite news |last=Franklin |first=Jonathan |date=6 March 2022 |title=Thousands have been detained in anti-war protests across Russia |work=[[NPR]] |url=https://www.npr.org/2022/03/06/1084818519/russia-protests-detainments |url-status=live |access-date=7 March 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220308030512/https://www.npr.org/2022/03/06/1084818519/russia-protests-detainments |archive-date=8 March 2022}}</ref>
|-
| [[2022 Sri Lankan protests]]
| 15 March – 14 November 2022
| {{flag|Sri Lanka}}
| Since 2019, [[Sri Lanka]] has been facing its [[2019–present Sri Lankan economic crisis|worst economic crisis]] since its independence. The ongoing economic crisis culminated in mass popular protests and riots against the incumbent government and the [[Rajapaksa family]], which eventually forced [[President of Sri Lanka|President]] [[Gotabaya Rajapaksa]] to [[Exile of Gotabaya Rajapaksa|flee the country]] and resign in July. [[Prime Minister of Sri Lanka|Prime Minister]] [[Ranil Wickremesinghe]] succeeded Rajapaksa as the President amidst the protests.
|<ref>{{cite web |title=Sri Lanka's Leaderless Protests |url=https://thediplomat.com/2022/04/sri-lankas-leaderless-protests/ |access-date=18 April 2022 |website=thediplomat.com |archive-date=17 July 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220717055832/https://thediplomat.com/2022/04/sri-lankas-leaderless-protests/ |url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |date=17 April 2022 |title=Sri Lanka: The protesters |url=https://indianexpress.com/article/world/sri-lanka-the-protesters-7872646/ |access-date=18 April 2022 |website=The Indian Express |archive-date=15 May 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220515215030/https://indianexpress.com/article/world/sri-lanka-the-protesters-7872646/ |url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |date=2022-07-10 |title=Sri Lanka: Protesters 'will occupy palace until leaders go' |work=BBC News |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-asia-62111900 |access-date=2022-07-11 |archive-date=17 July 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220717054554/https://www.bbc.com/news/world-asia-62111900 |url-status=live}}</ref>
|-
| [[2022 Karakalpak protests]]
| 1–3 July 2022
| {{flag|Karakalpakstan}}
|Spurred by a draft of a new version of the [[Constitution of Uzbekistan]], in which the word "sovereign" was removed from the description of the status of [[Karakalpakstan]], and the mention of the republic's right to secede from Uzbekistan was also removed. These were later withdrawn.
|<ref>{{cite news |last1=Lillis |first1=Joanna |date=7 July 2022 |title=Karakalpakstan: Dazed, confused and angry after deadly turmoil |website=Eurasianet |url=https://eurasianet.org/karakalpakstan-dazed-confused-and-angry-after-deadly-turmoil |access-date=11 July 2022 |archive-date=13 July 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220713072059/https://eurasianet.org/karakalpakstan-dazed-confused-and-angry-after-deadly-turmoil |url-status=live}}</ref>
|-
| [[2022 Sierra Leone protests]]
| 10–12 August 2022
| {{flag|Sierra Leone}}
| Thirty-one people, including 25 civilians and six police officers, died during violent protests and riots in the [[West Africa]]n country of [[Sierra Leone]]. The protests were sparked by the nation's cost-of-living crisis.
|<ref>{{Cite web |date=2022-08-10 |title=Deadly anti-government protests erupt in Sierra Leone |url=https://www.euronews.com/2022/08/10/deadly-anti-government-protests-erupt-in-sierra-leone |access-date=2022-08-12 |website=euronews |archive-date=25 May 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240525154304/https://www.euronews.com/2022/08/10/deadly-anti-government-protests-erupt-in-sierra-leone |url-status=live}}</ref>
|-
| [[2022–2023 Brazilian election protests|2022–23 Brazilian election protests]]
* [[2023 Brazilian Congress attack]]
| 31 October 2022 – 9 January 2023
* 8 January 2023
| {{flag|Brazil}}
| The 2022 Brazilian election protests began shortly after the conclusion of the [[2022 Brazilian general election]]'s second round on 30 October, in which [[Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva]] was elected president. Supporters of [[Jair Bolsonaro]], the [[Lame duck (politics)|outgoing]] incumbent president, started blocking [[road]]s and [[highway]]s in the country. At least 23 Brazilian states, plus the [[Federal District (Brazil)|Federal District]], recorded roadblocks as of 1 November, adding up to at least 267 roadblocks according to data from [[Federal Highway Police (Brazil)|Federal Highway Police]] (PRF). Dozens of Bolsonaro supporters storm the [[Praça dos Três Poderes|Three Powers Plaza]] in the capital [[Brasília]], cause enormous damage. [[President of Brazil|President]] Lula was not there, nor was Bolsonaro or members of Congress.
|<ref>{{Cite web |date=2022-10-31 |title=Após derrota de Bolsonaro, país tem 236 bloqueios em estradas |url=https://www.metropoles.com/brasil/eleicoes-2022/apos-derrota-de-bolsonaro-pais-tem-236-bloqueios-em-estradas |access-date=2022-12-08 |website=metropoles.com |language=pt-BR |archive-date=25 May 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240525154255/https://www.metropoles.com/brasil/eleicoes-2022/apos-derrota-de-bolsonaro-pais-tem-236-bloqueios-em-estradas |url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Rodovias têm 167 bloqueios com protestos de bolsonaristas; veja situação por estado |url=https://valorinveste.globo.com/mercados/brasil-e-politica/noticia/2022/11/01/rodovias-tem-271-bloqueios-com-protestos-de-caminhoneiros-veja-situacao-por-estado.ghtml |access-date=2022-12-08 |website=Valor Investe |date=November 2022 |language=pt-br |archive-date=25 May 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240525154258/https://valorinveste.globo.com/mercados/brasil-e-politica/noticia/2022/11/01/rodovias-tem-271-bloqueios-com-protestos-de-caminhoneiros-veja-situacao-por-estado.ghtml |url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |title='Caminhoneiros são reféns de grupos bolsonaristas armados', diz entidade do setor |language=pt-BR |work=BBC News Brasil |url=https://www.bbc.com/portuguese/brasil-63460011 |access-date=2022-12-08 |archive-date=25 May 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240525154259/https://www.bbc.com/portuguese/brasil-63460011 |url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2022-10-31 |title=Manifestantes se concentram em frente ao Quartel-General do Exército em Brasília |url=https://noticias.r7.com/eleicoes-2022/manifestantes-se-concentram-em-frente-ao-quartel-general-do-exercito-em-brasilia-02112022 |access-date=2022-12-08 |website=noticias.r7.com/ |language=pt-BR |archive-date=25 May 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240525154300/https://noticias.r7.com/eleicoes-2022/manifestantes-se-concentram-em-frente-ao-quartel-general-do-exercito-em-brasilia-02112022/ |url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2023/jan/08/jair-bolsonaro-supporters-storm-brazils-presidential-palace-and-supreme-court |title=Jair Bolsonaro supporters storm Brazil's presidential palace and supreme court |last=Phillips |first=Tom |date=8 January 2023 |work=The Guardian |access-date= |quote= |archive-date=8 January 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230108191923/https://www.theguardian.com/world/2023/jan/08/jair-bolsonaro-supporters-storm-brazils-presidential-palace-and-supreme-court |url-status=live}}</ref><ref name="CNN">{{cite web |title=Manifestantes furam bloqueio, entram na Esplanada e invadem o Congresso Nacional |last=Rocha |first=Lucas |url=https://www.cnnbrasil.com.br/politica/manifestantes-furam-bloqueio-e-entram-na-esplanada-em-brasilia/ |trans-title=Protesters break through the blockade, enter the Esplanade and invade the National Congress |newspaper=[[CNN Brazil]] |access-date=8 January 2023 |archive-date=8 January 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230108184449/https://www.cnnbrasil.com.br/politica/manifestantes-furam-bloqueio-e-entram-na-esplanada-em-brasilia/ |url-status=live}}</ref>
|-
| [[2022 COVID-19 protests in China]]
| 2 November – 5 December 2022
| {{flag|China}}
| A series of protests against COVID-19 lockdowns began in [[mainland China]] on 15 November 2022. The protests began in response to [[Chinese government response to COVID-19|measures]] taken by the [[Government of China|Chinese government]] to prevent the spread of [[COVID-19 pandemic in mainland China|COVID-19 in the country]], including implementing a [[zero-COVID]] policy. Discontentment towards the policy has grown since the beginning of the pandemic, which confined many people to their homes without work, leaving them unable to purchase daily necessities and subjecting them to harsh restrictions. Protests escalated on 24 November 2022 following a [[2022 Ürümqi fire|fire]] in an apartment building in [[Ürümqi]] which killed 10 people, with protesters blaming China's policies for the deaths.
|<ref>{{Cite news |title=Xinjiang residents complain of hunger after 40-day COVID lockdown |url=https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2022/9/15/xinjiang-residents-complain-of-hunger-after-40-day-covid-lockdown |access-date=2022-11-27 |website=[[Al Jazeera English]] |archive-date=10 March 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230310203945/https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2022/9/15/xinjiang-residents-complain-of-hunger-after-40-day-covid-lockdown |url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |last=Jiang |first=Steven |date=2022-04-19 |title=Hunger and anger in Shanghai's unending lockdown nightmare |url=https://www.cnn.com/2022/04/19/china/shanghai-covid-lockdown-nightmare-intl-dst-hnk/index.html |access-date=2022-11-27 |website=[[CNN]] |archive-date=28 January 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230128131032/https://www.cnn.com/2022/04/19/china/shanghai-covid-lockdown-nightmare-intl-dst-hnk/index.html |url-status=live}}</ref>
|-
| [[Peruvian protests (2022–2023)]]
| 7 December 2022 – 24 March 2023
| {{flag|Peru}}
|Protests erupted against the government of [[Dina Boluarte]] and the [[Congress of the Republic of Peru|Congress of Peru]] called by supporters of the ousted [[president of Peru]], [[Pedro Castillo]], organized by social organizations and indigenous peoples who felt they experienced [[Disfranchisement|political disenfranchisement]], specifically on the politically left-wing to far left. The government's [[Fujimorism|authoritarian response]] was widely criticized, with further discontent following the Supreme Court's decision to declare protesting in Peru to be illegal.
| <ref>{{Cite web |title=Continúan marchas en la ciudad exigiendo Elecciones Generales |url=https://diarioelpueblo.com.pe/index.php/2022/12/09/continuan-marchas-en-la-ciudad-exigiendo-elecciones-generales/ |access-date=2022-12-09 |website=Diario El Pueblo |date=9 December 2022 |language=es |archive-date=10 December 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221210015635/https://diarioelpueblo.com.pe/index.php/2022/12/09/continuan-marchas-en-la-ciudad-exigiendo-elecciones-generales/ |url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Seguidores de Pedro Castillo se manifiestan en Lima: "Lo que vemos ahora es una dictadura" |url=https://www.24horas.cl/internacional/noticias/seguidores-de-pedro-castillo-se-manifiestan-en-lima |access-date=2022-12-09 |website=[[24 horas (Chilean TV program)|24 Horas]] |language=es-CL |archive-date=13 December 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221213201613/https://www.24horas.cl/internacional/noticias/seguidores-de-pedro-castillo-se-manifiestan-en-lima |url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Pari |first=Wilder |date=9 December 2022 |title=Manifestantes en Panamericana Sur de Arequipa indican ser autoconvocados y no tienen dirigentes |url=https://larepublica.pe/sociedad/2022/12/09/manifestantes-en-panamericana-sur-de-arequipa-indican-ser-autoconvocados-y-que-no-tienen-dirigentes-lrsd/ |access-date=2022-12-10 |website=[[La República (Peru)|La República]] |language=es |archive-date=12 December 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221212061917/https://larepublica.pe/sociedad/2022/12/09/manifestantes-en-panamericana-sur-de-arequipa-indican-ser-autoconvocados-y-que-no-tienen-dirigentes-lrsd/ |url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Cabrera |first=Gerardo |date=9 December 2022 |title=La izquierda se moviliza para minimizar la responsabilidad de Pedro Castillo en su autogolpe |url=https://www.elespanol.com/mundo/20221209/izquierda-moviliza-minimizar-responsabilidad-pedro-castillo-autogolpe/724427738_0.html |access-date=2022-12-09 |website=[[El Español]] |language=es |archive-date=11 December 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221211093631/https://www.elespanol.com/mundo/20221209/izquierda-moviliza-minimizar-responsabilidad-pedro-castillo-autogolpe/724427738_0.html |url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Noriega |first=Carlos |date=2023-05-17 |title=Perú: la Corte Suprema prohíbe el derecho a la protesta {{!}} Un paso más en la ofensiva authoritaria |url=https://www.pagina12.com.ar/550438-peru-la-corte-suprema-prohibe-el-derecho-a-la-protesta |access-date=2023-05-29 |website=[[Página 12]] |language=es |archive-date=29 May 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230529070639/https://www.pagina12.com.ar/550438-peru-la-corte-suprema-prohibe-el-derecho-a-la-protesta |url-status=live}}</ref>
|-
| 2022–2024 Bangladesh protests
* [[Student–People's uprising]]
| 10 December 2022 – 5 August 2024
* 1 July – 5 August 2024
|{{flag|Bangladesh}}
|A series of anti-government protests against the authoritarian government were initiated by the Bangladeshi opposition parties in December 2022, the protests continued spite of the government crackdowns. Though initially low-level, with instances of vandalism in late 2023, the movement gained momentum in 2024. Initially focused on restructuring discriminatory traditional and [[Quota system of Bangladesh Civil Service|quota-based systems]] for government job recruitment, the movement expanded against what many perceive as an authoritarian government when hundreds of protestors and civilians, most of whom were students, were killed. The protests resulted in the resignation of prime minister [[Sheikh Hasina]] after 15 years of rule.
|<ref>{{Cite web |date=11 December 2022 |title=What's behind antigovernment protests in Bangladesh? |url=https://www.aljazeera.com/program/inside-story/2022/12/11/whats-behind-anti-government-protests-in-bangladesh |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230425194122/https://www.aljazeera.com/program/inside-story/2022/12/11/whats-behind-anti-government-protests-in-bangladesh |archive-date=25 April 2023 |access-date=11 December 2022 |website=[[Al Jazeera]] |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=5 August 2024 |title=Bangladeshi PM Sheikh Hasina resigns as widening unrest sees protesters storm her official residence |url=https://apnews.com/article/bangladesh-hasina-student-protest-quota-violence-fdc7f2632c3d8fcbd913e6c0a1903fd4 |access-date=5 August 2024 |website=[[AP News]] |archive-date=5 August 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240805102752/https://apnews.com/article/bangladesh-hasina-student-protest-quota-violence-fdc7f2632c3d8fcbd913e6c0a1903fd4 |url-status=live}}</ref>
|-
|[[2023 Israeli judicial reform protests]]
|7 January – 12 October 2023
|{{flag|Israel}}
|Mass protests, strikes and civil disobedience campaigns occurred across the country in response to Prime Minister [[Benjamin Netanyahu]]'s right wing government's [[2023 Israeli judicial reform|plan to overhaul the Israeli Judiciary system]], which have been criticized for removing the checks and balances on the government and giving it unrestrained power.
|<ref>{{Cite news |title=Israel: mass protests after sacking of minister who opposed judicial overhaul |url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2023/mar/26/benjamin-netanyahu-fires-defence-minister-yoav-gallant-judicial-overhaul |date=26 March 2023 |access-date=3 April 2023 |archive-date=27 March 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230327032000/https://www.theguardian.com/world/2023/mar/26/benjamin-netanyahu-fires-defence-minister-yoav-gallant-judicial-overhaul |url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |title=Israel Crisis Battle for Country's Identity |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-middle-east-65097625 |date=29 March 2023 |access-date=3 April 2023 |archive-date=25 May 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240525154300/https://www.bbc.com/news/world-middle-east-65097625 |url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |title=13th Week of Anti-Overhaul Protests |url=https://www.timesofisrael.com/13th-week-of-anti-overhaul-protests-as-in-poland-government-is-just-reorganizing/ |date=1 April 2023 |access-date=3 April 2023 |archive-date=3 April 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230403213512/https://www.timesofisrael.com/13th-week-of-anti-overhaul-protests-as-in-poland-government-is-just-reorganizing/ |url-status=live}}</ref>
|-
|[[2023 French pension reform strikes]]
| 19 January – 8 June 2023
|{{flag|France}}
|A series of [[Civil disorder|civil unrest]] incidents occurred in [[France]] in response to a [[2023 French pension reform bill|pension reform bill]] proposed by the [[Borne government]], which would increase the [[retirement age]] from 62 to 64 years old. Strikes and protests have led to widespread disruption, including garbage piling up in the streets and public transport cancellations. In March, the government used [[Article 49 of the French Constitution|Article 49.3 of the constitution]] to force the bill through the [[French Parliament]], sparking more protests and [[March 2023 votes of no confidence in the government of Élisabeth Borne|two failed no confidence votes]].
|<ref name="ITV23">{{cite web |date=23 March 2023 |title=Mass strikes spark shutdowns in France as pension age protesters rally |url=https://www.itv.com/news/2023-03-23/mass-strikes-spark-shutdowns-in-france-as-pension-age-protesters-rally |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230323150051/https://www.itv.com/news/2023-03-23/mass-strikes-spark-shutdowns-in-france-as-pension-age-protesters-rally |archive-date=23 March 2023 |access-date=23 March 2023 |website=ITV News}}</ref><ref name="France24Dodman">{{cite web |last=Dodman |first=Benjamin |date=17 March 2023 |title=Bitter pension battle turns to democratic crisis as Macron bypasses French parliament |url=https://www.france24.com/en/france/20230317-bitter-pension-battle-turns-to-democratic-crisis-as-macron-bypasses-french-parliament |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230317235954/https://www.france24.com/en/france/20230317-bitter-pension-battle-turns-to-democratic-crisis-as-macron-bypasses-french-parliament |archive-date=17 March 2023 |access-date=18 March 2023 |website=[[France24]]}}</ref>
|-
| [[2023–2024 Georgian protests]]
* [[2024 Georgian post-election protests]]
|6–10 March 2023
* 28 October 2024 – present
|{{flag|Georgia}}
|A series of street demonstrations taking place throughout [[Georgia (country)|Georgia]] over parliamentary backing of a proposed "Law on Transparency of Foreign Influence", which requires NGOs to register as "agents of foreign influence" if the funds they receive from abroad amount to more than 20% of their total revenue. Police have been reported as using water cannons and tear gas to disperse the protests, especially in the capital [[Tbilisi]]. The parliament retracted the bill as a result of protests on 10 March 2023. Protests against the [[2024 Georgian parliamentary election]] results began in Georgia after the preliminary official results were announced. The demonstrators claimed that the elections, which saw the ruling [[Georgian Dream]] win a majority of seats, were fraudulent, and alternatively demanded a recount and a new election. Additional protests were held on 4 November near the parliament building, where the opposition parties unveiled their strategy to tackle the election results. The protests continued on 17 November, when the final results were certified by the [[Election Administration of Georgia|Central Election Commission]] of Georgia. The scope of the protests was broadened on 28 November, when the government announced that it would postpone the EU negotiations process until 2028. The protests are also called "Georgian Maidan".
|<ref>{{Cite news |date=7 March 2023 |title=Law on "Transparency of Foreign Funding" Passes 76–13 in the First Reading |work=[[Civil Georgia]] |url=https://civil.ge/archives/529567 |access-date=13 March 2023 |archive-date=8 March 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230308124013/https://civil.ge/archives/529567 |url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |date=7 March 2023 |title=Georgian police use tear gas on protests against 'foreign agents' law |newspaper=Reuters |url=https://www.reuters.com/world/europe/parliament-georgia-gives-initial-approval-foreign-agents-law-2023-03-07/ |via=reuters.com |access-date=13 March 2023 |archive-date=14 March 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230314194903/https://www.reuters.com/world/europe/parliament-georgia-gives-initial-approval-foreign-agents-law-2023-03-07/ |url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Georgians protest against draft law on media, nonprofits |url=https://abcnews.go.com/International/wireStory/georgians-protest-draft-law-media-nonprofits-97688325 |website=ABC News |access-date=13 March 2023 |archive-date=7 March 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230307192849/https://abcnews.go.com/International/wireStory/georgians-protest-draft-law-media-nonprofits-97688325 |url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last1=Mogul |first1=Rhea |last2=Tanno |first2=Sophie |last3=Kennedy |first3=Niamh |last4=Ritchie |first4=Hannah |date=9 March 2023 |title=Georgia withdraws 'foreign influence' bill but opposition vows more protests |url=https://www.cnn.com/2023/03/09/europe/georgia-bill-protests-withdrawn-intl-hnk/index.html |website=[[CNN]] |access-date=13 March 2023 |archive-date=9 March 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230309090219/https://www.cnn.com/2023/03/09/europe/georgia-bill-protests-withdrawn-intl-hnk/index.html |url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Tbilisi protest crackdown: PM says no Ukrainian Maidan scenario in Georgia |url=https://newsukraine.rbc.ua/news/tbilisi-protest-crackdown-georgian-pm-says-1732973954.html |access-date=1 December 2024 |website=RBC-Ukraine |language=en}}</ref>
|-
| [[2023 Polish protests]]
* [[2023 Polish protests#June 4 protests|June 4 protests]]
* [[2023 Polish protests#March of a Million Hearts|March of a Million Hearts]]
|4 June – 1 October 2023
* 4 June
* 1 October 2023
|{{flag|Poland}}
| Two big antigoverment demonstrations were held in Poland in 2023.
The first major protest took place on 4 June under the name "March 4th June" ("Marsz 4 Czerwca"). It was organized by the main opposition party, [[Civic Coalition (Poland)|Civic Coalition]], mainly in opposition to the attempt to establish a {{ill|State Commission to investigate Russian influence  on the internal security of the Republic of Poland in the years 2007–2022|lt=State Commission to investigate Russian influence in the years 2007–2022|pl|Państwowa Komisja do spraw badania wpływów rosyjskich na bezpieczeństwo wewnętrzne Rzeczypospolitej Polskiej w latach 2007–2022}}, because this commission could ban people from holding public office without giving a reason, which was a thing aimed at [[Donald Tusk]] and the opposition by ruling [[Law and Justice]]. The march was organized on 4 June, the day commemorating the [[1989 Polish parliamentary election|first partially free elections in Poland in 1989]]. The protest gathered between 300 000 and 500 000 people.

The result of the protest was the submission of an amendment to the act by President [[Andrzej Duda]], which was to soften the controversial provisions in the act. Additionally, thanks to the march, the opposition's popularity increased by about 5 percentage points.

A second protest was held on 1 October under the name "March of a Million Hearts" ("Marsz Miliona Serc"), as a reminder of the first protest just before the [[2023 Polish parliamentary election|parliamentary elections, that was held on 15th October]]. The protest was organised by democtatic opposition ([[Civic Coalition (Poland)|Civic Coalition]], [[Third Way (Poland)|Third Way]] and [[New Left (Poland)|New Left]]), and gathered between 600 000 to 1 100 000 people. This protest was one of the main reasons for the opposition's victory in the parliamentary elections.
|<ref name="ShaunWalker2023">{{cite web | last=Walker | first=Shaun | title=Poland's opposition hopes huge rally in Warsaw will swing election | website=the Guardian | date=2023-10-01 | url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2023/oct/01/polands-opposition-hopes-huge-rally-in-warsaw-will-swing-election | access-date=2025-02-26}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Polish opposition rally draws 'a million' protesters to Warsaw |date=October 2023 |url=https://www.lemonde.fr/en/europe/article/2023/10/01/polish-opposition-rally-draws-a-million-protesters-to-warsaw_6142279_143.html |publisher=Le Monde |access-date=23 January 2025 |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |last1=Mierzyńska |first1=Anna |title=Ile osób na #MarszMilionaSerc? Potwierdzamy – ponad milion! |url=https://oko.press/na-zywo/wybory-na-zywo-oko-press/ile-osob-na-marszu-ponad-milion |publisher=Oko.press |access-date=23 January 2025 |language=pl}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |last1=Dąbrowska-Cydzik |first1=Justyna |title=Rekordowe 300 mln zasięgu marszu 4 czerwca w social mediach. "PO osiągnęła maksymalny efekt skali" |date=6 June 2023 |url=https://www.wirtualnemedia.pl/artykul/marsz-4-czerwca-donald-tusk-rekord-social-media-brak-relacji-tvp |publisher=Wirtualnemedia.pl |access-date=23 January 2025 |language=pl}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Sondaż: Koalicja Obywatelska po marszu 4 czerwca zbliżyła się do PiS |work=Rzeczpospolita |url=https://www.rp.pl/polityka/art38587281-sondaz-koalicja-obywatelska-po-marszu-4-czerwca-zblizyla-sie-do-pis |access-date=23 January 2025 |language=pl}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title="Ten tłum zrobił bum!". Rok temu odbył się "Marsz 4 czerwca" |url=https://www.pap.pl/aktualnosci/ten-tlum-zrobil-bum-rok-temu-odbyl-sie-marsz-4-czerwca |publisher=Polish Press Agency |access-date=23 January 2025 |page=pl}}</ref>
|-
| [[2023–2024 European Union farmers' protests]]
* [[2024 French farmers' protests]]
* [[2024 Polish farmers' protests]]
* [[2023–2024 German farmers' protests]]
|December 2023 – present
|{{flag|EU}}:
* {{flag|France}}
* {{flag|Poland}}
* {{flag|Germany}}
| Series of farmers' protests were held across the European Union mostly due to opposing EU green politics, and unregulated trade of agricultural products with non-European Union member states, such as Ukraine and the Mercosur bloc.
|<ref>{{Cite web |date=2024-03-15 |title=Polish farmers protest against Ukrainian imports and EU Green Deal |url=https://www.euronews.com/2024/03/15/polish-farmers-protest-against-ukrainian-imports-and-eu-green-deal |access-date=2024-03-19 |website=euronews |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |date=2024-03-20 |title=Farmers' protests: EU to cap some Ukrainian tariff-free imports |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-europe-68615476 |language=en-GB}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Liakos |first=Sophie Tanno, Chris |date=2024-02-03 |title=Farmers' protests have erupted across Europe. Here's why |url=https://www.cnn.com/2024/02/03/europe/europe-farmers-protests-explainer-intl/index.html |website=CNN |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |date=2024-02-26 |title=Farmers clash with riot police in Brussels as EU agriculture leaders meet |url=https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2024/feb/26/farmers-protests-brussels-eu-agriculture-leaders-riot-police |work=The Guardian |language=en-GB |issn=0261-3077}}</ref>
|-
| [[2024 Venezuelan protests]]
|28 July 2024 – present
|{{flag|Venezuela}}
|A series of protests erupted in response to the results of the 2024 presidential election, citing allegations of [[2024 Venezuelan presidential election#Fraud allegations|voter fraud]] and [[2024 Venezuelan presidential election#Conduct and irregularities|other irregularities during the election process]]. These events unfolded as part of the broader [[2024 Venezuelan political crisis]] and occurred against the backdrop of the ongoing [[crisis in Venezuela]]. Demonstrations to uphold the results of the election, along with vigils for political prisoners, occurred worldwide after the July election. Spontaneous protests broke out immediately after the election, while later rallies were organized by the [[Venezuelan opposition]]. Maduro claimed the opposition was encouraging a [[coup d'état|coup]] and has charged demonstrators with terrorism, while initiating an unprecedented crackdown. Maduro's security forces have gone door-to-door seeking to arrest protesters, poll workers and members of the opposition in what Maduro has referred to as ''[[Operation Tun Tun]]'', and armed bands of Maduro supporters known as ''[[Colectivo (Venezuela)|colectivos]]'' have joined security forces in repressing dissent. As of 14 August 2024, at least 2,200 persons are reported to have been arrested, and 25 killed. Maduro has announced plans to continue to seek the arrest of dissenters, and to rehabilitate two prisons to house those detained.
|<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.france24.com/en/americas/20240828-venezuela-opposition-leader-machado-vows-to-make-maduro-yield-on-election-fraud |work=[[France 24]] |title=Venezuela opposition leader Machado vows to make Maduro 'yield' on election 'fraud' |date=28 August 2024 |access-date=2 December 2024 |archive-date=3 October 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241003095104/https://www.france24.com/en/americas/20240828-venezuela-opposition-leader-machado-vows-to-make-maduro-yield-on-election-fraud |url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last1=Phillips |first1=Tom |last2=Torres |first2=Patricia |date=3 August 2024 |title='Maduro has lost the streets': In Venezuela's barrios, former loyal voters risk all in protests |url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/article/2024/aug/03/maduro-has-lost-the-streets-in-venezuelas-barrios-former-loyal-voters-risk-all-in-protests |newspaper=[[The Guardian]] |agency=[[The Observer]]}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |first1=Antonio Maria |last1=Delgado |first2=Syra |last2=Ortiz Blanes |title=A hundred thousand Venezuelans are considering leaving the country right now, poll says |newspaper=Miami Herald |publisher=Yahoo News |date=14 August 2024 |url=https://ca.news.yahoo.com/hundred-thousand-venezuelans-considering-leaving-093000006.html |access-date=2 December 2024 |archive-date=14 September 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240914210004/https://ca.news.yahoo.com/hundred-thousand-venezuelans-considering-leaving-093000006.html |url-status=live}}</ref>
|-
| [[2024 United Kingdom riots]]
| 30 July – 5 August 2024
| {{flag|United Kingdom}}
| The [[Far-right politics in the United Kingdom|far-right]], [[anti-immigration]] protests and riots occurred, after a [[2024 Southport stabbing|mass stabbing]] in [[Southport]]. The riots were fuelled by false claims circulated by far-right groups that the perpetrator of the attack was a [[Muslims|Muslim]] and an [[asylum seeker]], in addition to broader [[Islamophobia in the United Kingdom|Islamophobic]], racist, and anti-immigrant sentiments that had grown leading up to the protests, it was the largest incident of social unrest in England [[2011 England riots|since 2011]].
| <ref>{{Cite news |last1=McDonald |first1=Andrew |last2=Boycott-Owen |first2=Mason |date=6 August 2024 |title=UK far-right riots: everything we know |url=https://www.politico.eu/article/uk-far-right-britain-lawyer-keir-starmer-violence-liverpool-muslims-cardiff/ |access-date=6 August 2024 |work=[[Politico]] |language=en-GB |archive-date=6 August 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240806174759/https://www.politico.eu/article/uk-far-right-britain-lawyer-keir-starmer-violence-liverpool-muslims-cardiff/ |url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |last=White |first=Nadine |date=5 August 2024 |title=Street beatings, stabbing and mosques under siege: the horrifying racist attacks carried out by far-right mobs|url=https://www.independent.co.uk/news/uk/crime/riots-uk-muslim-asians-rotherham-manvers-hotel-b2591159.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240805065102/https://www.independent.co.uk/news/uk/crime/riots-uk-muslim-asians-rotherham-manvers-hotel-b2591159.html |archive-date=5 August 2024 |access-date=5 August 2024 |work=[[The Independent]] |language=en |quote=A Black man beaten by a mob, an Asian man stabbed at a train station and mosques under siege - just some of the horrifying racist incidents carried out by far-right thugs in England this week. The country has been engulfed by racist riots over the past few days, in the wake of the killings of three young girls in Southport on Monday.}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Picheta |first=Rob |date=5 August 2024 |title=Violent, far-right riots overran some UK cities this weekend. What happened, and what comes next? |url=https://www.cnn.com/2024/08/05/uk/uk-far-right-protests-explainer-gbr-intl/index.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240806000942/https://www.cnn.com/2024/08/05/uk/uk-far-right-protests-explainer-gbr-intl/index.html |archive-date=6 August 2024 |access-date=6 August 2024 |website=CNN |language=en}}</ref>
|-
| 2024–2025 Southern European spring
* [[2024–present Serbian anti-corruption protests]]
* [[2024–2025 Romanian election annulment protests]]
* [[2025 Turkish protests]]
|October 2024 – present
|{{flag|EU}}:
* {{flag|Bulgaria}}
* {{flag|Greece}}
* {{flag|Romania}}
{{flag|North Macedonia}}<br/>{{flag|Serbia}}<br/>{{flag|Turkey}}
|A series of protest and riots against political corruption, [[2025 Southeast Europe retail boycotts|retail boycotts]], and various problems across Southern Europe.
|<ref>{{cite web |title=Protesters demand arrests over train station roof collapse that killed 14 people in Serbia |url=https://apnews.com/article/serbia-roof-collapse-protest-corruption-241a51e273970d7a8fd85b807210fdf7 |website=Associated Press |access-date=4 November 2024 |language=en |date=4 November 2024 |archive-date=17 November 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241117234340/https://apnews.com/article/serbia-roof-collapse-protest-corruption-241a51e273970d7a8fd85b807210fdf7 |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |last1=Delauney |first1=Guy |last2=Peter |first2=Laurence |date=17 March 2025 |title=Angry protests after North Macedonia nightclub disaster |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/articles/cyve1v4z52mo |access-date=18 March 2025 |work=BBC News}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Romanian far-right AUR party leads protests against annulled presidential election |url=https://www.euronews.com/my-europe/2025/01/12/tens-of-thousands-of-romanians-protest-against-annulled-presidential-race |access-date=2025-03-02 |website=www.euronews.com|date=12 January 2025 }}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |last=Emin Caliskan |first=Mehmet |date=19 March 2025 |title=Protesters say Istanbul mayor detention is a blow to democracy |url=https://www.reuters.com/world/middle-east/protesters-say-istanbul-mayor-detention-is-blow-democracy-2025-03-19/ |access-date=20 March 2025 |work=Reuters}}</ref>
|-
|[[Hands Off protests|2025 "Hands Off" protests]]
|5 April 2025 – present
|Worldwide
|An ongoing series of protests against US President [[Donald Trump]], [[Elon Musk]], and the [[Second presidency of Donald Trump|Trump administration]], beginning on April 5. Participants, including the involvement of over 150 [[advocacy group]]s, protested Trump's [[Liberation Day tariffs|worldwide implementation of "Liberation Day" Tariffs]] which subsequently lead to the [[2025 stock market crash|stock market crash]], several other endeavors causing economic decline, Musk's cuts to government agencies and the federal government, rollback of [[LGBTQ rights in the United States|LGBT rights]] in the United States, [[Deportation in the second presidency of Donald Trump|mass deportations of immigrants and legal citizens]], potential negative effects to [[Social Security (United States)|social security]], and cuts to [[Healthcare in the United States|healthcare]] and related research. Protestors additionally expressed concern in policies favoring [[billionaire]]s, growing [[authoritarianism]] in the Trump administration, and a [[decline in democracy]]. These protests are described as the largest nationwide display of opposition to the second Trump administration across Trump's presidential terms, being held at nationwide and worldwide.
|<ref>{{Cite web |last1=Elassar |first1=Alaa |last2=Shelton |first2=Shania |last3=Allen |first3=Mina |date=2025-04-05 |title='Hands Off!' protesters across US rally against President Donald Trump and Elon Musk |url=https://www.cnn.com/2025/04/05/us/hands-off-protests-trump-musk/index.html |access-date=2025-04-23 |website=CNN |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |last=Kim |first=Juliana |date=2025-04-05 |title=Nationwide 'Hands Off!' protests erupt against Trump and Musk |url=https://www.npr.org/2025/04/05/nx-s1-5353388/hands-off-protests-washington-dc |access-date=2025-04-24 |work=NPR |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Collins |first=Dave |date=2025-04-05 |title=Angry protesters from New York to Alaska assail Trump and Musk in 'Hands Off!' rallies |url=https://apnews.com/article/trump-musk-doge-protests-hands-off-472c574303260cbac315367cc808960d |access-date=2025-04-24 |website=AP News |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{cite news | url=https://www.bbc.com/news/articles/cz79ewg193ro | title=Anti-Trump protests in cities across US declare 'hands off' | newspaper=[[BBC News]] | date=April 5, 2025 | first1=Robin Levinson | last1=King | first2=Jenna | last2=Moon | first3=Bernd | last3=Debusmann Jr | access-date=April 5, 2025|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250405212152/https://www.bbc.com/news/articles/cz79ewg193ro|archive-date=2025-04-05|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |last1=Morse |first1=Dan |last2=Munro |first2=Dana |last3=Hermann |first3=Peter |last4=Uber |first4=Emma |last5=Alexander |first5=Keith L. |date=2025-04-05 |title=Thousands rally in D.C. as Trump protesters gather across U.S. |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/dc-md-va/2025/04/05/hands-off-protest-trump-washington/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250405180602/https://www.washingtonpost.com/dc-md-va/2025/04/05/hands-off-protest-trump-washington/ |archive-date=2025-04-05 |access-date=2025-04-05 |newspaper=[[The Washington Post]] |language=en-US |issn=0190-8286}}</ref>
|}

<gallery class="center" widths="185" heights="130" perrow="5" align="center">
File:Minneapolis 05-28-20 (49947863357).jpg|Protesters in&nbsp;[[Minneapolis]]&nbsp;where [[Murder of George Floyd|George Floyd was murdered]] and the [[George Floyd protests|unrest]] began on 26 May 2020.
File:02020 0097 (2) Protest against abortion restriction in Bielsko-Biała, November 2020.jpg|[[2020–2021 women's strike protests in Poland|Protest against abortion restriction]] in [[Bielsko-Biała]], [[Poland]]
File:2021 Myanmar Protest in Hleden.jpg|[[2021 Myanmar coup d'état]] culminated an [[2021–2022 Myanmar protests|ongoing protests]], thousands of protesters participating in an anti-junta rally in [[Yangon]] in February 2021.
File:2022 Kazakhstan protests — Aqtobe, January 4 (01).jpg|Protesters in [[Aktobe]] during a period of [[2022 Kazakh unrest|unrest]] in [[Kazakhstan]], 4 January 2022.
File:Anti-government protest in Sri Lanka 2022.jpg|[[2022 Sri Lankan protests|Sri Lankans protesting]] in front of the [[Presidential Secretariat (Sri Lanka)|Presidential Secretariat]] in [[Colombo]], 13 April 2022.
File:Amir Kabir University uprising September 2022 (3).jpg|[[Mahsa Amini protests|Iranians protesting]] at [[Amirkabir University of Technology]] in [[Tehran]] following the [[death of Mahsa Amini]], 20 September 2022.
File:Ataque bolsonarista ao Congresso Nacional do Brasil.png|Protesters [[2023 Brazilian Congress attack|attack the Brazilian Congress]] to [[2022–2023 Brazilian election protests|protest and attempt to overturn the results]] of the [[2022 Brazilian election]], 8 January 2023.
File:8 march protest in Tbilisi (cropped).jpg|Pro-Western protesters and rioters during the [[2023–2024 Georgian protests|anti-government protests]] in [[Tbilisi]], Georgia
File:Warszawa - Marsz Miliona Serc (1).jpg|"[[2023 Polish protests|March of a Million Hearts]]" in [[Warsaw]], Poland
File:John Deere 6320 Saint-Etienne-de-Fontbellon manifestations agriculteurs janvier 2024.jpg|Tractors at [[Saint-Étienne-de-Fontbellon|Saint-Etienne-de-Fontbellon]] ([[France]]) during the [[2023–2024 European Union farmers' protests|EU farmers' protests]].
File:7.Bangladesh quota reform movement 2024.jpg|Students launching the Bangla blockade during the [[Student–People's uprising]], 6 July 2024.
File:2024 Venezuela protests 01.jpg|Venezuelans [[2024 Venezuelan protests|taking to the streets to protest]] the [[2024 Venezuelan presidential election|2024 presidential election results]] in Caracas, 3 August 2024.
File:Hands off protest in Minnesota.jpg|A group of [[Hands Off protests|"Hands-Off"]] protestors on the [[Minnesota State Capitol]] in [[Saint Paul, Minnesota]] since the [[George Floyd protests]] in 2020.
</gallery>

<!--===Nuclear proliferation===
* 
-->

===Terrorist attacks===
{{Main|List of terrorist incidents#1970–present}}
''Note: To be included, entries must be [[Notability in the English Wikipedia|notable]] (have a stand-alone article) and described by a consensus of [[WP:Reliable sources|reliable sources]] as "terrorism."''

The most prominent [[List of terrorist incidents|terrorist attacks]] committed against civilian populations during the decade include, but are not limited to:
{| class="wikitable sortable mw-collapsible"
!Event
!Date
!Country
!Deaths
!Injuries
!{{Abbr|Ref.|References}}
|-
|[[Koshebe massacre]]
|28 November 2020
|{{flag|Nigeria}}
|110
|6
|<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-africa-55120638 |title=Dozens of farm workers killed in 'insane' Nigeria attack |newspaper=BBC News |date=30 November 2020 |access-date=1 December 2020 |archive-date=17 January 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210117004442/https://www.bbc.com/news/world-africa-55120638 |url-status=live}}</ref>
|-
|[[2021 Kabul school bombing]]
|8 May 2021
|{{flag|Afghanistan|2013}}
|90
|240
|<ref>{{Cite web |first1=Jennifer |last1=Deaton |first2=Sheena |last2=McKenzie |title=Death toll rises to 85 in Afghanistan girls' school bomb attack |url=https://www.cnn.com/2021/05/09/asia/afghanistan-girls-school-attack-intl-hnk/index.html |access-date=2021-06-02 |website=CNN |date=10 May 2021 |archive-date=10 May 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210510013930/https://www.cnn.com/2021/05/09/asia/afghanistan-girls-school-attack-intl-hnk/index.html |url-status=live}}</ref>
|-
|[[2021 Kabul airport attack]]
|26 August 2021
|{{flag|Afghanistan}}
|183
|200+
|<ref>{{cite web |last=Pasko |first=Simcha |date=26 August 2021 |title=Suicide bombing kills, injures several at Kabul airport |url=https://www.jpost.com/breaking-news/large-explosion-at-abbey-gate-at-the-kabul-airport-report-677790 |access-date=26 August 2021 |newspaper=The Jerusalem Post |archive-date=26 August 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210826134530/https://www.jpost.com/breaking-news/large-explosion-at-abbey-gate-at-the-kabul-airport-report-677790 |url-status=live}}</ref>
|-
|[[2022 Peshawar mosque attack]]
|4 March 2022
|{{flag|Pakistan}}
|64+
|196+
|<ref>{{Cite news |date=2022-03-04 |title=JUST IN: Multiple people feared dead after terrorist attack in Peshawar, Pakistan |url=https://euroweeklynews.com/2022/03/04/terrorist-attack-peshawar-pakistan/ |access-date=2022-03-04 |website=Euro Weekly News |archive-date=4 March 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220304151431/https://euroweeklynews.com/2022/03/04/terrorist-attack-peshawar-pakistan/ |url-status=live}}</ref>
|-
|[[2022 Somali Ministry of Education bombings]]
|29 October 2022
|{{flag|Somalia}}
|121+
|300+
|<ref>{{Cite web |last1=Mukhtar |first1=Idris |last2=Tawfeeq |first2=Mohammed |last3=Yamour |first3=Heather |date=2022-10-30 |title=Explosions near Somalia's education ministry kill 100 people |url=https://www.cnn.com/2022/10/30/africa/explosions-somalia-education-ministry-intl-hnk/index.html |access-date=2022-10-30 |website=[[CNN]] |archive-date=30 October 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221030064747/https://www.cnn.com/2022/10/30/africa/explosions-somalia-education-ministry-intl-hnk/index.html |url-status=live}}</ref>
|-
|[[2023 Peshawar mosque bombing]]
|30 January 2023
|{{flag|Pakistan}}
|101
|220+
|<ref>{{Cite web |last1=Saifi |first1=Sophia |last2=Mogul |first2=Rhea |last3=Mehsud |first3=Saleem |date=2023-01-31 |title=Death toll from blast in Pakistan mosque rises to at least 100 as country faces 'national security crisis' |url=https://www.cnn.com/2023/01/31/asia/pakistan-peshawar-mosque-blast-tuesday-intl-hnk/index.html |access-date=2023-03-03 |website=[[CNN]] |archive-date=2 February 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230202025049/https://www.cnn.com/2023/01/31/asia/pakistan-peshawar-mosque-blast-tuesday-intl-hnk/index.html |url-status=live}}</ref>
|-
|[[Re'im music festival massacre]]
|7 October 2023
|{{flag|Israel}}
|364
|Unknown
|<ref>{{Cite web |date=17 November 2023 |title=TV: Police probe of Re'im massacre shows terrorists didn't know about party in advance |url=https://www.timesofisrael.com/liveblog_entry/tv-police-probe-of-reim-massacre-shows-terrorists-didnt-know-about-party-in-advance/ |website=The Times of Israel |access-date=11 January 2024 |archive-date=29 November 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231129145235/https://www.timesofisrael.com/liveblog_entry/tv-police-probe-of-reim-massacre-shows-terrorists-didnt-know-about-party-in-advance/ |url-status=live}}</ref>
|-
|[[2024 Kerman bombings]]
|3 January 2024
|{{flag|Iran}}
|103
|284
|<ref>{{Cite web |date=11 January 2024 |title=Iran identifies alleged bomb-maker behind last week's IS twin suicide attack that killed dozens |url=https://apnews.com/article/iran-bombing-ringleader-tajikistan-4dec3cf4b1479a0222b2853bbb2f72bb |access-date=11 January 2024 |website=[[AP News]] |archive-date=11 January 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240111100234/https://apnews.com/article/iran-bombing-ringleader-tajikistan-4dec3cf4b1479a0222b2853bbb2f72bb |url-status=live}}</ref>
|-
|[[Crocus City Hall attack]]
|22 March 2024
|{{flag|Russia}}
|145
|551
|<ref>{{cite news |last1=Rosenberg |first1=Steve |title=Why is Russia trying to frame Ukraine for concert massacre? |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-europe-68759150 |access-date=10 April 2024 |work=BBC |date=8 April 2024 |archive-date=10 April 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240410031004/https://www.bbc.com/news/world-europe-68759150 |url-status=live}}</ref>
|-
|[[2024 Barsalogho attack]]
|24 August 2024
|{{flag|Burkina Faso}}
|600+
|300+
|<ref>{{Cite news |date=August 27, 2024 |title=Suspected jihadists kill hundreds in Burkina Faso attack |url=https://www.reuters.com/world/africa/suspected-jihadists-kill-hundreds-burkina-faso-attack-2024-08-27/ |access-date=September 1, 2024 |publisher=[[Reuters]] |language=en}}</ref>
|-
|[[2024 Magdeburg car attack]]
|20 December 2024
|{{flag|Germany}}
|5
|200+
|<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2024/dec/21/magdeburg-mourns-christmas-market-dead |title=Magdeburg mourns Christmas market dead |last=Connolly |first=Kate |work=[[The Guardian]] |access-date=21 December 2024}}</ref>
|-
|[[2025 New Orleans truck attack]]
|1 January 2025
|{{Flag|United States}}
|14
|59
|<ref>{{Cite news |last1=Yeung |first1=Jessie |last2=Boyette |first2=Chris |last3=Rose |first3=Andy |last4=Tan |first4=Holly |last5=Powell |first5=Tory B. |last6=Levenson |first6=Eric |last7=Forrest |first7=Jack |last8=Shelton |first8=Shania |last9=D'Antonio |first9=Isabelle |display-authors=1 |date=January 1, 2025 |title=At least 14 killed after vehicle drives into crowd on Bourbon Street |url=https://edition.cnn.com/us/live-news/new-orleans-mass-casualty-bourbon-street-01-01-25-hnk |access-date=January 1, 2025 |work=[[CNN]] |last10=Chowdhury |first10=Maureen |last11=Regan |first11=Helen}}</ref>
|-
|[[2025 Pahalgam attack]]
|22 April 2025
|{{Flag|India}}
|26
|20
|<ref>{{Cite web |date=23 April 2025 |title=Pahalgam: Rage and grief after 26 killed in Indian-administered Kashmir |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/articles/cze10y59j91o |website=BBC }}</ref>
|}

===Political trends===
[[File:2025 Mandate for Leadership SVG Cover.svg|thumb|256x256px|[[Project 2025]] document, published April 21, 2023]]
{{Further|2020s in political history}}

====Electoral trends====
Having suffered decline in the years after the [[Great Recession]], the [[centre-left politics]] and the [[1990s#Political trends|1990s political model]] (like [[progressivism]], [[liberalism]], [[social democracy]], and [[Third Way|third way]] policies) experienced a resurgence across [[Europe]] and the [[Anglosphere]] in the early 2020s, with ''[[New Statesman]]'' suggesting various causes, including natural shifts in the electoral cycle and conservatives' unpopularity among university graduates and voters under the age of 40.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Eaton |first=George |date=22 May 2022 |title=Why is the right losing everywhere? |url=https://www.newstatesman.com/quickfire/2022/05/why-is-the-right-losing-everywhere |access-date=22 May 2022 |website=New Statesman |archive-date=22 May 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220522094829/https://www.newstatesman.com/quickfire/2022/05/why-is-the-right-losing-everywhere |url-status=live}}</ref>

Following the election of [[Donald Trump]] in the [[2024 United States presidential election]], the mid-2020s saw the resurgence of [[right-wing populism]] and the [[1980s#Politics and wars|1980s political model]] (like [[conservatism]], [[social conservatism]], and [[Anti-communism|anti-communist]] policies).<ref>{{Cite web |last=Corey |first=Elizabeth |date=9 September 2024 |title=The Future of Conservatism |url=https://www.project-syndicate.org/magazine/future-of-conservatism-traditional-vs-populist-new-right-by-elizabeth-corey-et-al-2024-09 |access-date=9 September 2024 |website=Project Syndicate |archive-date=9 September 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240909101324/https://www.project-syndicate.org/magazine/future-of-conservatism-traditional-vs-populist-new-right-by-elizabeth-corey-et-al-2024-09 |url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Jill |first=Colvin |date=30 January 2025 |title=President Trump sounds the same. His White House — so far — couldn't be more different |url=https://apnews.com/article/trump-second-term-emboldened-policies-staff-drama-5720d654e953a39303c38a0513b35f57 |access-date= |website=AP News |archive-date=30 January 2025 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250130075755/https://apnews.com/article/trump-second-term-emboldened-policies-staff-drama-5720d654e953a39303c38a0513b35f57 |url-status=live}}</ref>

[[2024 national electoral calendar|2024]] was the biggest election year in history, and a number of countries announced snap elections, such as [[2024 Portuguese legislative election|Portugal]], [[2024 Senegalese presidential election|Senegal]], the [[2024 United Kingdom general election|United Kingdom]], [[2024 French legislative election|France]], [[2024 Sri Lankan presidential election|Sri Lanka]], [[2024 Japanese general election|Japan]], [[2024 Icelandic parliamentary election|Iceland]], and [[2024 Irish general election|Ireland]].<ref>{{Cite magazine |last=Sorkin |first=Amy Davidson |date=7 January 2024 |title=The Biggest Election Year in History |url=https://www.newyorker.com/magazine/2024/01/15/the-biggest-election-year-in-history |access-date=18 January 2024 |magazine=[[The New Yorker]] |language=en-US |issn=0028-792X}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Ray |first=Siladitya |title=2024 Is The Biggest Election Year In History—Here Are The Countries Going To The Polls This Year |url=https://www.forbes.com/sites/siladityaray/2024/01/03/2024-is-the-biggest-election-year-in-history-here-are-the-countries-going-to-the-polls-this-year/ |access-date=18 January 2024 |website=Forbes |language=en}}</ref> This is the first time this has ever happened since 1905 (when data was first recorded) and the first time in the [[history of democracy]], as [[universal suffrage]] began in 1894.<ref>{{cite news |last=Burn-Murdoch |first=John |date=November 7, 2024 |title=Democrats join 2024's graveyard of incumbents |url=https://www.ft.com/content/e8ac09ea-c300-4249-af7d-109003afb893 |access-date=November 8, 2024 |work=Financial Times |quote=The incumbents in every single one of the 10 major countries that have been tracked by the ParlGov global research project and held national elections in 2024 were given a kicking by voters. This is the first time this has ever happened in almost 120 years of records. ... That different politicians, different parties, different policies and different rhetoric deployed in different countries have all met similar fortunes suggests that a large part of Tuesday's American result was locked in regardless of the messenger or the message. The wide variety of places and people who swung towards Trump also suggests an outcome that was more inevitable than contingent.}}</ref>

====Deaths====
Sitting leaders that died such as [[Qaboos bin Said]] of Oman, [[Sabah al-Ahmad al-Jaber al-Sabah|Sheik Sabah al-Sabah]] of Kuwait, [[Idriss Déby]] of Chad, [[Jovenel Moïse]] of Haiti,  [[Elizabeth II]] of the United Kingdom, [[Ebrahim Raisi]] of Iran, [[Nguyễn Phú Trọng]] of Vietnam and [[Pope Francis]].

Former world leaders who died such as [[Hosni Mubarak]], [[Valéry Giscard d'Estaing]], [[John Turner]], [[Daniel arap Moi]], [[Pranab Mukherjee]], [[Lee Teng-hui]], [[Abdelaziz Bouteflika]], [[Tabaré Vazquez]], [[Roh Tae-woo]], [[Chun Doo-hwan]], [[Benigno Aquino III]], [[Carlos Menem]], [[F. W. de Klerk]], [[Toshiki Kaifu]], [[Shinzo Abe]], [[Luis Echeverría]], [[Fidel V. Ramos]], [[Mikhail Gorbachev]], [[Jiang Zemin]], [[Pope Benedict XVI]], [[Constantine II of Greece]], [[Pervez Musharraf]], [[Silvio Berlusconi]], [[Giorgio Napolitano]], [[Bill Hayden]], [[Li Keqiang]], [[Dries van Agt]], [[Sebastián Piñera]], [[Brian Mulroney]], [[Ismail Haniyeh]], [[Alex Salmond]], [[Manmohan Singh]], [[Jimmy Carter]], [[Costas Simitis]], [[Horst Köhler]], [[Thanin Kraivichien]], [[Abdullah Ahmad Badawi]], and [[José Mujica]].

===Prominent political events===

====Coups====
{{Main|List of coups and coup attempts since 2010}}
''[[Coup d'état|Coups d'état]]'' against ruling governments during the decade include:

{| class="wikitable sortable mw-collapsible"
|-
! Event
! Date
! Country
! {{Abbr|Ref.|References}}
|-
| [[2020 Malian coup d'état]]
| {{dts|format=dmy|2020|8|18}}
| {{flag|Mali}}
| <ref>{{cite news |title=Mali coup: Military promises elections after ousting president |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-africa-53833925 |access-date=19 August 2020 |website=[[BBC News]] |date=19 August 2020 |archive-date=19 August 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200819181937/https://www.bbc.com/news/world-africa-53833925 |url-status=live}}</ref>
|-
| [[2021 Myanmar coup d'état]]
| {{dts|format=dmy|2021|2|1}}
| {{flag|Myanmar}}
| <ref>{{cite web |last1=Chappell |first1=Bill |last2=Diaz |first2=Jaclyn |title=Myanmar Coup: With Aung San Suu Kyi Detained, Military Takes Over Government |url=https://www.npr.org/2021/02/01/962758188/myanmar-coup-military-detains-aung-san-suu-kyi-plans-new-election-in-2022 |website=NPR |access-date=8 February 2021 |date=1 February 2021 |archive-date=8 February 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210208000452/https://www.npr.org/2021/02/01/962758188/myanmar-coup-military-detains-aung-san-suu-kyi-plans-new-election-in-2022 |url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |last1=Strangio |first1=Sebastian |title=Protests, Anger Spreading Rapidly in the Wake of Myanmar Coup |url=https://thediplomat.com/2021/02/protests-anger-spreading-rapidly-in-the-wake-of-myanmar-coup/ |website=The Diplomat |access-date=8 February 2021 |date=8 February 2021 |archive-date=8 February 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210208065928/https://thediplomat.com/2021/02/protests-anger-spreading-rapidly-in-the-wake-of-myanmar-coup/ |url-status=live}}</ref>
|-
| [[2021 Malian coup d'état]]
| {{dts|format=dmy|2021|5|24}}
| {{flag|Mali}}
| <ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-africa-57236104 |title=UN calls for immediate release of Mali President Bah Ndaw |work=BBC News |date=24 May 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210524232247/https://www.bbc.com/news/world-africa-57236104 |archive-date=2021-05-24 |url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.france24.com/en/africa/20210524-mali-soldiers-arrest-president-prime-minister-after-govt-reshuffle |title=UN mission in Mali calls for immediate release of detained president and PM |work=[[France 24]] |agency=[[Agence France-Presse]] |date=24 May 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210524210824/http://www.france24.com/en/africa/20210524-mali-soldiers-arrest-president-prime-minister-after-govt-reshuffle |archive-date=2021-05-24 |url-status=live}}</ref>
|-
| [[2021 Tunisian self-coup]]
| 25 July 2021
| {{flag|Tunisia}}
| <ref>{{Cite news |last1=Amara |first1=Tarek |last2=Mcdowall |first2=Angus |date=26 July 2021 |title=Tunisian democracy in turmoil after president sacks government |work=Reuters |url=https://www.reuters.com/world/middle-east/tunisian-democracy-crisis-after-president-ousts-government-2021-07-26/ |access-date=23 October 2021 |archive-date=26 July 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210726151030/https://www.reuters.com/world/middle-east/tunisian-democracy-crisis-after-president-ousts-government-2021-07-26/ |url-status=live}}</ref>
|-
| [[2021 Guinean coup d'état]]
| {{dts|format=dmy|2021|9|5}}
| {{flag|Guinea}} 
| <ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.reuters.com/world/africa/heavy-gunfire-heard-guinea-capital-conakry-reuters-witness-2021-09-05/ |title=Elite Guinea army unit says it has toppled president |date=5 September 2021 |website=Reuters |access-date=5 September 2021 |archive-date=5 September 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210905165127/https://www.reuters.com/world/africa/heavy-gunfire-heard-guinea-capital-conakry-reuters-witness-2021-09-05/ |url-status=live}}</ref>
|-
| [[2021 Sudan coup d'état]]
| {{dts|format=dmy|2021|10|25}}
| {{flag|Sudan}} 
| <ref>{{citation |url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2021/oct/25/sudan-coup-fears-amid-claims-military-have-arrested-senior-government-officials |title=Sudan's PM and other leaders detained in apparent coup attempt |date=25 October 2021 |newspaper=[[The Guardian]] |location=Sudan |access-date=25 October 2021 |archive-date=25 October 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211025061119/https://www.theguardian.com/world/2021/oct/25/sudan-coup-fears-amid-claims-military-have-arrested-senior-government-officials |url-status=live}}</ref>
|-
| [[January 2022 Burkina Faso coup d'état]]
| {{dts|format=dmy|2022|01|23}}
| {{flag|Burkina Faso}}
| <ref>{{Cite web |date=25 January 2022 |title=Burkina Faso's writer-colonel coup leader starts a new chapter in country's history |url=https://www.france24.com/en/africa/20220125-burkina-faso-s-writer-colonel-coup-leader-starts-a-new-chapter-in-country-s-history |access-date=26 January 2022 |publisher=France 24 |archive-date=25 January 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220125221347/https://www.france24.com/en/africa/20220125-burkina-faso-s-writer-colonel-coup-leader-starts-a-new-chapter-in-country-s-history |url-status=live}}</ref>
|-
|[[2022 Ukrainian coup d'état attempt]]
| January – February 2022
| {{flag|Ukraine}} 
|<ref name="fsb">{{cite web |date=13 February 2022 |title=Russia's FSB agency tasked with engineering coups in Ukrainian cities, UK believes |url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2022/feb/13/russias-fsb-agency-engineering-coups-ukrainian-cities |website=[[TheGuardian.com]] |access-date=6 April 2023 |archive-date=26 October 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231026233904/https://www.theguardian.com/world/2022/feb/13/russias-fsb-agency-engineering-coups-ukrainian-cities |url-status=live}}</ref>
|-
| [[September 2022 Burkina Faso coup d'état]]
| {{dts|format=dmy|2022|09|30}}
| {{flag|Burkina Faso}}
| <ref name="Ndiaga Mimault">{{cite web |url=https://www.reuters.com/world/africa/heavy-gunfire-heard-burkina-faso-capital-reuters-witnesses-2022-09-30/ |title=Burkina Faso army captain announces overthrow of military government |first1=Thiam |last1=Ndiaga |first2=Anne |last2=Mimault |work=Reuters |date=30 September 2022 |access-date=30 September 2022 |archive-date=1 October 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221001004302/https://www.reuters.com/world/africa/heavy-gunfire-heard-burkina-faso-capital-reuters-witnesses-2022-09-30/ |url-status=live}}</ref><ref name="France24">{{cite web |url=https://www.france24.com/en/live-news/20220930-%F0%9F%94%B4-burkina-faso-army-captain-on-state-tv-announces-overthrow-of-military-government |title=Burkina Faso army captain announces overthrow of military government |work=France24 |date=30 September 2022 |access-date=30 September 2022 |archive-date=1 October 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221001221350/https://www.france24.com/en/live-news/20220930-%F0%9F%94%B4-burkina-faso-army-captain-on-state-tv-announces-overthrow-of-military-government |url-status=live}}</ref>
|-
| [[2022 German coup d'état plot]]
| {{dts|format=dmy|2022|12|07}}
| {{flag|Germany}}
|<ref name="Kirby">{{cite news |last1=Kirby |first1=Paul |date=7 December 2022 |title=Germany arrests 25 accused of plotting coup |publisher=BBC |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-europe-63885028 |access-date=8 December 2022 |archive-date=8 December 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221208001921/https://www.bbc.com/news/world-europe-63885028 |url-status=live}}</ref>
|-
| [[2022 Peruvian self-coup attempt]]
| {{dts|format=dmy|2022|12|07}}
| {{flag|Peru}}
| <ref>{{Cite news |date=7 December 2022 |title=Presidente Pedro Castillo disuelve temporalmente el Congreso de Perú |url=https://cnnespanol.cnn.com/2022/12/07/presidente-pedro-castillo-cierra-temporalmente-el-congreso-de-peru/ |access-date=2022-12-07 |website=[[CNN]] |language=es |archive-date=14 December 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221214071711/https://cnnespanol.cnn.com/2022/12/07/presidente-pedro-castillo-cierra-temporalmente-el-congreso-de-peru/ |url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |first=Rodrigo |last=Chillitupa Tantas |title=Presidente de Perú disuelve Congreso, declara "gobierno de excepción" y llama a elecciones |date=7 December 2022 |url=https://www.vozdeamerica.com/a/presidente-de-peru-pedro-castillo-disuelve-el-congreso-/6866334.html |access-date=8 December 2022 |website=Voz de América |language=es |archive-date=7 December 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221207224453/https://www.vozdeamerica.com/a/presidente-de-peru-pedro-castillo-disuelve-el-congreso-/6866334.html |url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Garzón |first=Aníbal |date=2023-01-01 |title=Peru's permanent coup |url=https://mondediplo.com/2023/01/13peru |access-date=2023-01-19 |website=[[Le Monde diplomatique]] |archive-date=29 January 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230129193707/https://mondediplo.com/2023/01/13peru |url-status=live}}</ref>
|-
| [[2022 Brazilian coup plot]]
| {{dts|format=dmy|2022|12|15}}
| {{flag|Brazil}}
|<ref>{{cite news |last1=Phillips |first1=Tom |title=Bolsonaro allies nearly launched military coup in 2022, police report says |url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2024/nov/26/brazil-almost-suffered-far-right-military-coup-police-report-claims |access-date=14 December 2024 |work=The Guardian |date=26 November 2024}}</ref>
|-
| [[2023 Nigerien coup d'état]]
| {{dts|format=dmy|2023|07|26}}
| {{flag|Niger}}
|<ref>{{Cite news |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-africa-66320895 |title=Niger soldiers declare coup on national TV |work=BBC News |date=July 26, 2023 |access-date=27 July 2023 |archive-date=27 July 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230727000929/https://www.bbc.com/news/world-africa-66320895 |url-status=live}}</ref>
|-
|[[2023 Gabonese coup d'état]]
| {{dts|format=dmy|2023|08|30}}
| {{flag|Gabon}}
|<ref>{{Cite news |url=https://www.reuters.com/world/africa/gabonese-military-officers-announce-they-have-seized-power-2023-08-30/ |title=Gabon officers declare military coup, President Ali Bongo detained |work=BBC News |date=August 30, 2023 |access-date=30 August 2023 |archive-date=30 August 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230830051446/https://www.reuters.com/world/africa/gabonese-military-officers-announce-they-have-seized-power-2023-08-30/ |url-status=live}}</ref>
|-
|[[2024 Democratic Republic of the Congo coup attempt]]
| {{dts|format=dmy|2024|05|19}}
| {{flag|Democratic Republic of the Congo}}
|<ref>{{Cite web |date=19 May 2024 |title=Congolese army says shootout in the capital is failed coup, perpetrators arrested |url=https://apnews.com/article/congo-kinshasa-gunfire-1a148e35f0cbbae14b2101413f788708 |access-date=19 May 2024 |website=[[AP News]] |first1=Christina |last1=Malkia |first2=Chinedu |last2=Asadu |archive-date=19 May 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240519105259/https://apnews.com/article/congo-kinshasa-gunfire-1a148e35f0cbbae14b2101413f788708 |url-status=live}}</ref>
|-
| [[2024 Bolivian coup attempt]]
| {{dts|format=dmy|2024|06|26}}
| {{flag|Bolivia}}
|<ref>{{Cite news |url=https://www.cbc.ca/news/world/bolivia-military-capital-1.7247637 |title=Military coup attempt in Bolivia fails, president urges people to mobilize against democracy threat |website=CBC News |date=June 26, 2024 |access-date=27 June 2024 |archive-date=27 June 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240627000700/https://www.cbc.ca/news/world/bolivia-military-capital-1.7247637 |url-status=live}}</ref>
|-
| [[2024 South Korean martial law crisis]]
| {{dts|format=dmy|2024|12|03}}
| {{flag|South Korea}}
| <ref>{{Cite news |date=3 December 2024 |title=South Korea lawmakers defy president and block martial law as crowds protest |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/live/cn38321180et |access-date=3 December 2024 |work=[[BBC News]] |archive-date=3 December 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241203140230/https://www.bbc.com/news/live/cn38321180et |url-status=live}}</ref>
|}

====Africa====
{{Further|Category:2020s in Africa|2020 in West Africa|2020 in North Africa|2020 in Middle Africa|2020 in East Africa|2020 in Southern Africa}}
{| class="wikitable mw-collapsible sortable"
|-
! style="width:130px;"| Event
! style="width:60px;"| Country
! style="width:100px;"| Date
! Description
! References
|-
|[[Western Saharan clashes (2020–present)]]
|{{flag|Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic}}<br>{{flag|Morocco}} 
|8 November 2020 – ongoing
|Following protests in the border town of [[Guerguerat]] in the disputed [[Western Sahara]] region, the [[Royal Moroccan Armed Forces|Moroccan armed forces]] captured the town to ensure traffic could resume through the area. Since then, fighting and bombardments across the [[Moroccan Western Sahara Wall|Moroccan Berm]] have taken place, with the [[Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic]] declaring war against [[Morocco]]. It is the largest escalation in the conflict since the end of the [[Western Sahara War]] in 1991.
|<ref>{{Cite web |date=13 November 2020 |title=Moroccan army launches operation in Western Sahara border zone |url=https://www.arabnews.com/node/1762466/middle-east |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201114141349/https://www.arabnews.com/node/1762466/middle-east |archive-date=14 November 2020 |access-date=13 November 2020 |work=[[Arab News]]}}</ref>
|-
|[[2021–2022 Somali political crisis]]
|{{flag|Somalia}}
|8 February 2021 – 10 January 2022
|[[President of Somalia|President]] of [[Somalia]] [[Mohamed Abdullahi Mohamed]] stayed in power past the end of his term and postponed elections scheduled for 2021. [[List of prime ministers of Somalia|Prime Minister]] [[Mohamed Hussein Roble]] then called for the president to immediately step down. The president later dismissed Roble for alleged corruption. Protests were reported across the country in favor and opposed to the president. A deal to hold [[2022 Somali presidential election|elections in May 2022]] was reached in January which resulted in the incumbent president losing his bid for reelection.
|<ref>{{Cite web |title=Somalia's leaders agree to hold delayed election by February 25 |url=https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2022/1/9/somalias-leaders-agree-to-hold-delayed-election-by-february-25 |access-date=2022-01-10 |website=aljazeera.com |archive-date=9 May 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220509164555/https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2022/1/9/somalias-leaders-agree-to-hold-delayed-election-by-february-25 |url-status=live}}</ref>
|-
|[[Nigerien crisis (2023–2024)]]
| {{flag|Niger}}<br>[[ECOWAS]]
|26 July 2023 – 24 February 2024
|The [[2023 Nigerien coup d'état]] led to a severe diplomatic crisis between the [[National Council for the Safeguard of the Homeland|putschists]] in [[Niger]] and the member states of [[ECOWAS]].
|
|}

====Americas====
{{Further|Category:2020s in North America|Category:2020s in South America}}

{| class="wikitable mw-collapsible sortable"
|-
! style="width:130px;"| Event
! style="width:60px;"| Country
! style="width:100px;"| Date
! Description
! References
|-
| [[First impeachment of Donald Trump]]
| {{flag|United States}}
| 24 September 2019 – 5 February 2020
| Under [[Article One of the United States Constitution#Clause 6: Trial of Impeachment|Article I, Section 3, Clause 6]], of the U.S. Constitution, [[President of the United States|President]] [[Donald Trump]] was impeached for [[abuse of power]] and [[Contempt of Congress|obstruction of Congress]] on 18 December 2019 by the [[United States House of Representatives]]. The [[United States Senate]] trial began on 16 January 2020 and ended on 5 February 2020, concluding with an acquittal on both charges.
| <ref>{{citation |website=Politico |date=5 February 2020 |title=Trump acquitted on impeachment charges, ending gravest threat to his presidency |first1=Kyle |last1=Cheney |first2=Andrew |last2=Desiderio |first3=John |last3=Breshahan |url=https://www.politico.com/news/2020/02/05/trump-impeachment-vote-110805 |access-date=8 February 2020 |archive-date=17 June 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200617023326/https://www.politico.com/news/2020/02/05/trump-impeachment-vote-110805 |url-status=live}}</ref>
|-
| [[2020 Salvadoran political crisis]]
| {{flag|El Salvador}}
| 9 February 2020
|During a political crisis, Salvadoran President [[Nayib Bukele]] sent forty soldiers of the [[Salvadoran Army]] into the [[Legislative Assembly of El Salvador|Legislative Assembly]] building in an effort to coerce politicians to approve a loan request of $109 million from the [[United States]] for Bukele's security plan for the country.
The event has been condemned by foreign governments, the political opposition, and human rights organizations and is considered the first major political crisis in the country since the conclusion of the [[Salvadoran Civil War]] in 1992 and has been referred to as a [[coup d'état|coup attempt]].
| <ref name="BBC English Aftermath">{{cite web |date=11 February 2020 |title=El Salvador Parliament Denounces President's 'Attempted Coup' |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-latin-america-51458947 |access-date=9 February 2021 |website=BBC News |archive-date=5 September 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200905170253/https://www.bbc.com/news/world-latin-america-51458947 |url-status=live}}</ref>
|-
|[[2020 United States presidential election]] and [[January 6 United States Capitol attack|subsequent]] [[Second impeachment of Donald Trump|events]]
|{{flag|United States}}
|3 November 2020 – 13 February 2021
|The 59th United States presidential election was held on 3 November 2020. [[Democratic Party (United States)|Democrat]] and former [[Vice President of the United States|Vice-president]] [[Joe Biden]] defeated [[Republican Party (United States)|Republican]] and then-incumbent [[President of the United States|President]] [[Donald Trump]], with the [[United States Electoral College|Electoral College]] formally declaring Biden the winner on 14 December 2020. Trump refused to concede, and filed lawsuits challenging the results in several states,<ref name="Lawsuits">{{cite news |first=Miles |last=Parks |url=https://www.npr.org/2020/11/10/933112418/the-trump-campaign-has-had-almost-no-legal-success-this-month-heres-what-they-ve |title=Trump Election Lawsuits Filed So Far |publisher=NPR |date=2020-11-10 |access-date=2021-01-20 |archive-date=16 November 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201116052241/https://www.npr.org/2020/11/10/933112418/the-trump-campaign-has-had-almost-no-legal-success-this-month-heres-what-they-ve |url-status=live}}</ref> though most of the legal challenges were either dismissed or dropped, with judges citing lack of evidence to suggest voter fraud occurred. Trump had also unsuccessfully attempted to [[Attempts to overturn the 2020 United States presidential election|undo the election results]] by forcing government officials to stop [[Pennsylvania]], [[Nevada]], [[Arizona]], [[Wisconsin]], [[Michigan]], and [[Georgia (U.S. State)|Georgia]] from certifying Biden as the winner, and urging his supporters to "walk" to the United States Capitol to demand Trump be declared the winner of the election.<ref name="Speech">{{cite news |url=https://www.usnews.com/news/politics/articles/2021-01-13/transcript-of-trumps-speech-at-rally-before-us-capitol-riot |title=Transcript of Trump's Speech at Rally Before US Capitol Riot |date=13 January 2021 |website=U.S. News & World Report |access-date=2021-01-20 |archive-date=9 February 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210209013727/https://www.usnews.com/news/politics/articles/2021-01-13/transcript-of-trumps-speech-at-rally-before-us-capitol-riot |url-status=live}}</ref> This was one of the reasons for the decision of a group of his supporters to gather in [[Washington, D.C.]], on 6 January 2021 and break into the [[United States Capitol|Capitol building]] during a Joint session of Congress. The [[January 6 United States Capitol attack]] disrupted Congress while [[2021 United States Electoral College vote count|certifying the election]], forcing both chambers to undergo lockdown lasting for four hours. On the same day, Trump coerced then-incumbent Vice President [[Mike Pence]] to overturn the election results to which Pence refused. During the attack, Trump tweeted directly to his supporters falsely claiming Congress was attempting to assist in stealing the election. [[Twitter]] responded by suspending Trump's account permanently following Trump's tweet. [[Facebook]], [[Instagram]], [[YouTube]], and [[Snapchat]] all also suspended Trump from using their platforms worrying his posts may incite additional violence to the Capitol attacks. In relation to this, Trump was [[Second impeachment of Donald Trump|impeached for the second time]] by the House of Representatives and became the first U.S. president to be impeached twice. Meanwhile, Joe Biden was sworn in as the United States President on 20 January 2021. The [[United States Senate|Senate]] [[Second impeachment trial of Donald Trump|impeachment trial]] ended on 13 February 2021, one month after its start, resulting in Trump being found [[Plea|not guilty]] of inciting the [[January 6 United States Capitol attack|attack on the Capitol]]. On 1 August{{nbsp}}2023, a [[grand jury]] [[Federal prosecution of Donald Trump (election obstruction case)|indicted]] Trump in the [[United States District Court for the District of Columbia|U.S. District Court for the District of Columbia]] on four charges: [[conspiracy to defraud the United States]], [[obstructing an official proceeding]] related to the certification of the election results on 6 January 2021, conspiring to obstruct an official proceeding, and [[conspiracy against rights]].
|<ref>{{cite news |date=2020-12-15 |title=Electoral College makes it official: Biden won, Trump lost |publisher=Associated Press |url=https://apnews.com/article/joe-biden-270-electoral-college-vote-d429ef97af2bf574d16463384dc7cc1e |access-date=2021-01-20 |archive-date=22 June 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220622003344/https://apnews.com/article/joe-biden-270-electoral-college-vote-d429ef97af2bf574d16463384dc7cc1e |url-status=live}}</ref><ref name="Lawsuits" /><ref>{{cite news |date=2020-11-10 |title=Trump faces long odds in challenging state vote counts |publisher=Associated Press |url=https://apnews.com/article/election-2020-donald-trump-campaigns-pennsylvania-michigan-861506f10960504bcdc7e854705c8ef1 |access-date=2021-01-20 |archive-date=1 December 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201201183621/https://apnews.com/article/election-2020-donald-trump-campaigns-pennsylvania-michigan-861506f10960504bcdc7e854705c8ef1 |url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite magazine |last=Berenson |first=Tessa |date=2020-11-20 |title=In Court, Trump's Lawyers Aren't Claiming 'Massive' Fraud |magazine=Time |url=https://time.com/5914377/donald-trump-no-evidence-fraud/ |access-date=2021-01-20 |archive-date=28 November 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201128085329/https://time.com/5914377/donald-trump-no-evidence-fraud/ |url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last=Roebuck |first=Jeremy |date=2020-11-09 |title=Trump campaign moves to bar Pennsylvania from certifying election results in new lawsuit |website=[[The Philadelphia Inquirer]] |url=https://www.inquirer.com/news/trump-lawsuit-pennsylvania-election-results-philadelphia-monitors-ballots-mail-boockvar-20201109.html |access-date=2021-01-20 |archive-date=26 January 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210126164050/https://www.inquirer.com/news/trump-lawsuit-pennsylvania-election-results-philadelphia-monitors-ballots-mail-boockvar-20201109.html |url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |date=23 October 2020 |title=Trump campaign sues in Nevada to stop Vegas-area vote count |publisher=Associated Press |url=https://apnews.com/article/barbara-cegavske-lawsuits-carson-city-elections-las-vegas-8684039e3b82e379591cc745834c952e |access-date=11 April 2021 |archive-date=16 November 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201116052246/https://apnews.com/article/barbara-cegavske-lawsuits-carson-city-elections-las-vegas-8684039e3b82e379591cc745834c952e |url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |date=8 November 2020 |title=Factbox: Trump Sues in Arizona, Court Battles Continue as Biden Wins U.S. Election |website=U.S. News & World Report |url=https://www.usnews.com/news/top-news/articles/2020-11-08/factbox-trump-sues-in-arizona-court-battles-continue-as-biden-wins-us-election |access-date=2021-04-18 |archive-date=25 May 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240525154813/https://www.usnews.com/news/top-news/articles/2020-11-08/factbox-trump-sues-in-arizona-court-battles-continue-as-biden-wins-us-election |url-status=live}}</ref><br /><ref>{{cite news |last1=Breuninger |first1=Kevin |last2=Mangan |first2=Dan |date=1 December 2020 |title=Trump sues to reverse Biden win in Wisconsin |publisher=CNBC |url=https://www.cnbc.com/2020/12/01/trump-campaign-files-election-lawsuit-in-wisconsin-after-state-declares-biden-won-.html |access-date=11 April 2021 |archive-date=2 December 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201202075218/https://www.cnbc.com/2020/12/01/trump-campaign-files-election-lawsuit-in-wisconsin-after-state-declares-biden-won-.html |url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |date=11 November 2020 |title=Trump campaign sues Michigan to prevent certification of Biden win |publisher=Reuters |url=https://www.reuters.com/article/usa-election-legal-challenges-michigan-idUSKBN27R2FL |access-date=18 April 2021 |archive-date=18 April 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210418031127/https://www.reuters.com/article/usa-election-legal-challenges-michigan-idUSKBN27R2FL |url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last=Martina |first=Michael |date=5 December 2020 |title=Trump campaign files election lawsuit in Georgia, suffers more legal defeats |publisher=Reuters |url=https://www.reuters.com/article/usa-election-idUSKBN28E37D |access-date=18 April 2021 |archive-date=18 April 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210418031129/https://www.reuters.com/article/usa-election-idUSKBN28E37D |url-status=live}}</ref><ref name="CNBC1">{{cite news |date=2021-01-06 |title=Mike Pence rejects Trump's call to overturn Biden election |publisher=CNBC |url=https://www.cnbc.com/2021/01/06/mike-pence-rejects-trumps-call-to-overturn-biden-election.html |access-date=2021-01-20 |archive-date=14 January 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210114111953/https://www.cnbc.com/2021/01/06/mike-pence-rejects-trumps-call-to-overturn-biden-election.html |url-status=live}}</ref><ref name="Speech" /><ref>{{cite news |last=Peñaloza |first=Marisa |date=6 January 2021 |title=Trump Supporters Clash With Capitol Police At Protest |publisher=[[NPR]] |url=https://www.npr.org/sections/congress-electoral-college-tally-live-updates/2021/01/06/953616207/diehard-trump-supporters-gather-in-the-nations-capital-to-protest-election-resul |access-date=6 January 2021 |archive-date=6 January 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210106151035/https://www.npr.org/sections/congress-electoral-college-tally-live-updates/2021/01/06/953616207/diehard-trump-supporters-gather-in-the-nations-capital-to-protest-election-resul |url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last1=Amenabar |first1=Teddy |last2=Zauzmer |first2=Julie |last3=Davies |first3=Emily |last4=Brice-Saddler |first4=Michael |last5=Ruane |first5=Michael E. |last6=Chason |first6=Rachel |last7=Tan |first7=Rebecca |last8=Olivo |first8=Antonio |last9=Hermann |first9=Peter |display-authors=5 |date=6 January 2021 |title=Live updates: Hundreds storm Capitol barricades; two nearby buildings briefly evacuated; Trump falsely tells thousands he won |newspaper=[[The Washington Post]] |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/dc-md-va/2021/01/06/dc-protests-trump-rally-live-updates/ |access-date=6 January 2021 |archive-date=6 January 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210106194011/https://www.washingtonpost.com/dc-md-va/2021/01/06/dc-protests-trump-rally-live-updates/ |url-status=live}}</ref><br /><ref>{{Cite web |url=https://blog.twitter.com/en_us/topics/company/2020/suspension |title=Permanent suspension of @realDonaldTrump |website=blog.twitter.com |access-date=9 July 2021 |archive-date=29 November 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231129141251/https://blog.twitter.com/en_us/topics/company/2020/suspension |url-status=live}}</ref><ref name="cnn.com">{{Cite web |url=https://www.cnn.com/2021/01/13/tech/snapchat-trump-ban/index.html |title=Snapchat permanently bans President Trump |first=Brian |last=Fung |website=CNN |date=14 January 2021 |access-date=9 July 2021 |archive-date=24 February 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210224163737/https://www.cnn.com/2021/01/13/tech/snapchat-trump-ban/index.html |url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.usatoday.com/story/tech/news/2021/01/26/youtube-ban-former-president-trumps-channel-remain-suspended/4265336001/ |title=YouTube ban: Google extends suspension of former President Trump's channel |first=Mike |last=Snider |website=USA Today |access-date=9 July 2021 |archive-date=9 July 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210709190435/https://www.usatoday.com/story/tech/news/2021/01/26/youtube-ban-former-president-trumps-channel-remain-suspended/4265336001/ |url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last=Reichert |first=Corinne |date=2021-01-14 |title=Donald Trump impeached a second time |publisher=CNET |url=https://www.cnet.com/news/donald-trump-impeached-following-deadly-riot-at-us-capitol/ |access-date=2021-01-20 |archive-date=13 January 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210113222450/https://www.cnet.com/news/donald-trump-impeached-following-deadly-riot-at-us-capitol/ |url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |date=20 January 2021 |title=Biden inauguration: New president sworn in amid Trump snub |publisher=BBC News |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-us-canada-55736856 |access-date=20 January 2021 |archive-date=20 January 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210120145011/https://www.bbc.com/news/world-us-canada-55736856 |url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2021-02-14 |title=Donald Trump acquitted in second impeachment trial |url=http://www.theguardian.com/us-news/2021/feb/13/donald-trump-acquitted-impeachment-trial |access-date=2021-06-10 |website=Guardian |archive-date=13 February 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210213205340/https://www.theguardian.com/us-news/2021/feb/13/donald-trump-acquitted-impeachment-trial |url-status=live}}</ref><ref name="nyt-8-1">{{Cite news |last1=Feuer |first1=Alan |last2=Haberman |first2=Maggie |author-link2=Maggie Haberman |date=August 1, 2023 |title=Trump Indictment: Trump 'Spread Lies' in Effort to Cling to Power, Indictment Says |work=[[The New York Times]] |url=https://www.nytimes.com/live/2023/08/01/us/trump-indictment-jan-6 |access-date=August 1, 2023 |issn=0362-4331 |archive-date=1 August 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230801213542/https://www.nytimes.com/live/2023/08/01/us/trump-indictment-jan-6 |url-status=live}}</ref><ref name="cnnaug1">{{Cite news |last1=Sneed |first1=Tierney |last2=Lybrand |first2=Holmes |last3=Cohen |first3=Marshall |last4=Cohen |first4=Zachary |last5=Cole |first5=Devan |last6=Rabinowitz |first6=Hannah |last7=Polantz |first7=Katelyn |date=August 1, 2023 |title=Donald Trump has been indicted in special counsel's 2020 election interference probe |publisher=[[CNN]] |url=https://www.cnn.com/2023/08/01/politics/donald-trump-indictment-grand-jury-2020-election/index.html |access-date=August 1, 2023 |archive-date=1 August 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230801220818/https://www.cnn.com/2023/08/01/politics/donald-trump-indictment-grand-jury-2020-election/index.html |url-status=live}}</ref>
|-
|[[Congress of the Communist Party of Cuba|8th Congress of the Communist Party]]
| {{flag|Cuba}}
| 16–19 April 2021
| At the [[Congress of the Communist Party of Cuba|8th Congress of the Communist Party]], [[Raúl Castro]] officially resigned as the [[First Secretary of the Communist Party of Cuba|First Secretary]], the most powerful position in [[Cuba]]. [[President of Cuba|Cuban President]] [[Miguel Díaz-Canel]] is officially named First Secretary of the Communist Party following the resignation of [[Raúl Castro]]. He is the first person not of the Castro family to hold the top position since the 1959 [[Cuban Revolution]].
| <ref>{{cite news |title=Cuba's Raul Castro confirms he's stepping down, says he's 'fulfilled his mission' |url=https://www.nbcnews.com/news/latino/cubas-raul-castro-confirms-stepping-head-communist-party-rcna689 |publisher=NBC News |access-date=2021-04-19 |archive-date=21 April 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210421060718/https://www.nbcnews.com/news/latino/cubas-raul-castro-confirms-stepping-head-communist-party-rcna689 |url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |title=Cuba leadership: Díaz-Canel named Communist Party chief |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-latin-america-56802129 |publisher=BBC News |access-date=2021-04-20 |archive-date=13 November 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231113101216/https://www.bbc.com/news/world-latin-america-56802129 |url-status=live}}</ref>
|-
| [[2021 Salvadoran political crisis]]
| {{flag|El Salvador}}
| 1 May 2021
|The [[Legislative Assembly of El Salvador]] voted to remove several judges from the [[Supreme Court of Justice of El Salvador|Supreme Court]] and remove the [[Attorney General of El Salvador|Attorney General]], both of which had been vocal opponents to the presidency of [[Nayib Bukele]].
|<ref name="CNN2">{{cite web |last=Pozzebon |first=Stefano |date=5 May 2021 |title=What to Know About the Political Drama Raising Fears over El Salvador's Democracy |url=https://www.cnn.com/2021/05/05/americas/el-salvadors-political-crisis-intl-latam/index.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210517185336/https://www.cnn.com/2021/05/05/americas/el-salvadors-political-crisis-intl-latam/index.html |archive-date=17 May 2021 |access-date=17 May 2021 |website=CNN}}</ref>
|-
| [[Canadian Indian residential school gravesites|2021 Media Reporting on Canadian Indian Residential School Cemeteries]]
| {{flag|Canada}}
| 28 May 2021 –
| ''[[The New York Times]]'' broke the story on a [[Canadian Indian residential school gravesites|Canadian Indian Residential School Cemeteries]] announcement, incorrectly reporting [[Canadian Indian residential school gravesites|a discovery]] of "[[Mass grave|mass graves]]" of Indigenous children at a former school site. Further purported "discoveries" would follow throughout the summer. The reporting sparked international attention and national reckoning, and would help "spawn a new holiday, [[National Day for Truth and Reconciliation|Truth and Reconciliation Day]], [[Visit by Pope Francis to Canada|prompt an official visit by Pope Francis]], and result in Canadian flags being kept at half-mast for a record-breaking five consecutive months.”
|<ref>{{Cite news |last=Horowitz |first=Jason |date=July 30, 2022 |title=Francis Calls Abuse of Indigenous People in Canada a 'Genocide' |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2022/07/30/world/americas/pope-francis-canada-genocide.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231107101356/https://www.nytimes.com/2022/07/30/world/americas/pope-francis-canada-genocide.html |archive-date=November 7, 2023 |access-date=October 7, 2023 |work=The New York Times |language=en-US |issn=0362-4331}}</ref><ref name=":hopper">{{Cite news |last=Hopper |first=Tristin |date=September 6, 2023 |title=FIRST READING: Who started calling residential school burial sites mass graves? |url=https://nationalpost.com/news/canada/first-nations-graves |work=National Post}}</ref><ref name="Glavin-2022">{{Cite news |last=Glavin |first=Terry |date=May 26, 2022 |title=The year of the graves: How the world's media got it wrong on residential school graves |work=[[National Post]] |url=https://nationalpost.com/opinion/the-year-of-the-graves-how-the-worlds-media-got-it-wrong-on-residential-school-graves |access-date=May 28, 2022}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |date=2025-02-28 |title=Justin Trudeau's biggest scandal? The 215 Indigenous children's graves that were never found |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/world/rest-of-world/justin-trudeaus-biggest-scandal-the-215-indigenous-childrens-graves-that-were-never-found/articleshow/118629063.cms |access-date=2025-04-04 |work=The Times of India |issn=0971-8257}}</ref><ref name=":2">{{Cite web |last=Jones |first=Kevin |title=Canada bishops address ongoing search for Indigenous graves amid calls for greater accuracy |url=https://www.catholicnewsagency.com/news/255374/canada-s-bishops-address-ongoing-search-for-indigenous-graves-amidst-calls-for-accuracy |access-date=2025-04-05 |website=Catholic News Agency |language=en}}</ref>
|-
| [[2021 Canadian federal election]]
| {{flag|Canada}}
| 20 September 2021
| [[Prime Minister of Canada|Prime minister]] [[Justin Trudeau]], leader of the [[Liberal Party of Canada|Liberal Party]], is re-elected in Canada's federal election, continuing as a minority government.
|<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.cbc.ca/news/politics/federal-general-election-results-2021-1.6182364 |title=Canadians have re-elected a Liberal minority government |website=CBC |access-date=2023-01-10 |archive-date=20 January 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220120075227/https://www.cbc.ca/news/politics/federal-general-election-results-2021-1.6182364 |url-status=live}}</ref>
|-
| [[Republicanism in Barbados|Barbados's transition to a republic]]
| {{flag|Barbados}}
| 30 November 2021
|[[Barbados]] became the newest republic in the world on 30 November 2021, its 55th Independence Day, when the already [[2021 Barbadian presidential election|elected]], previous [[Governor-General of Barbados]], [[Sandra Mason]], was sworn into office as the first [[President of Barbados|president]] of the Caribbean country. This ended [[Elizabeth II|Queen Elizabeth II]]'s 55-year tenure as monarch of an independent Barbados, prior to her death in a following year.
|<ref>{{Cite web |date=30 September 2021 |title=In Barbados, parliament votes to amend constitution, paving the way to republican status |url=http://constitutionnet.org/news/barbados-parliament-votes-amend-constitution-paving-way-republican-status#:~:text=republican%20status%20%7C%20ConstitutionNet-,In%20Barbados%2C%20parliament%20votes%20to%20amend%20constitution%2C%20paving,the%20way%20to%20republican%20status&text=Parliament%20voted%20by%20a%2025,into%20force%20by%20November%2030 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211008170938/http://constitutionnet.org/news/barbados-parliament-votes-amend-constitution-paving-way-republican-status#:~:text=republican%20status%20%7C%20ConstitutionNet-,In%20Barbados%2C%20parliament%20votes%20to%20amend%20constitution%2C%20paving,the%20way%20to%20republican%20status&text=Parliament%20voted%20by%20a%2025,into%20force%20by%20November%2030 |archive-date=8 October 2021 |access-date=9 October 2021 |publisher=ConstitutionNet}}</ref>
|-
|[[2022 Colombian presidential election]]
|{{flag|Colombia}}
|19 June 2022
|Former [[19th of April Movement]] [[Guerrilla warfare|guerrilla fighter]] and incumbent Senator [[Gustavo Petro]] defeats businessman and former mayor of [[Bucaramanga]], [[Rodolfo Hernández Suárez]], in the second round of the [[2022 Colombian presidential election|presidential election]] and becomes the first [[Left-wing politics|left-wing]] [[President of Colombia|President]] in [[Colombia]]n history.
|<ref>{{cite news |title=Marelen Castillo thanks Rodolfo Hernández voters: "their votes have not been in vain" |url=https://www.infobae.com/america/colombia/2022/06/20/marelen-castillo-agradece-a-votantes-de-rodolfo-hernandez-sus-votos-no-han-sido-en-vano/ |access-date=20 June 2022 |work=Infobae |date=20 June 2022 |language=es |archive-date=20 June 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220620074316/https://www.infobae.com/america/colombia/2022/06/20/marelen-castillo-agradece-a-votantes-de-rodolfo-hernandez-sus-votos-no-han-sido-en-vano/ |url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |title="Seré opositora si no se le cumple al pueblo colombiano": Marelen Castillo irá a la Cámara |url=https://www.semana.com/nacion/articulo/sere-opositora-si-no-se-le-cumple-al-pueblo-colombiano-marelen-castillo-ira-a-la-camara/202218/ |access-date=20 June 2022 |work=Semana |date=20 June 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220815030826/https://www.semana.com/nacion/articulo/sere-opositora-si-no-se-le-cumple-al-pueblo-colombiano-marelen-castillo-ira-a-la-camara/202218/ |archive-date=15 August 2022 |url-status=live |language=es}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last1=Pozzebon |first1=Stefano |title=Left-wing candidate and former guerrilla Gustavo Petro wins Colombian presidential race |url=https://edition.cnn.com/2022/06/17/americas/gustavo-petro-profile-intl-latam/index.html |access-date=22 June 2022 |work=CNN |date=20 June 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220930114305/https://edition.cnn.com/2022/06/17/americas/gustavo-petro-profile-intl-latam/index.html |archive-date=30 September 2022 |url-status=live |location=[[Bogotá]]}}</ref>
|-
|[[2022 Brazilian general election]]
|{{flag|Brazil}}
|3–30 October 2022
|Former president [[Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva]] defeats the incumbent president of [[Jair Bolsonaro]] in the second round of the [[2022 Brazilian general election|presidential election]]; he becomes the first elected to three terms and the oldest president in [[Brazil]]ian history.
|<ref>{{cite news |last1=Ellsworth |first1=Brian |last2=Paraguassu |first2=Lisandra |date=30 October 2022 |title=Lula narrowly defeats Bolsonaro to win Brazil presidency again |work=Reuters |url=https://www.reuters.com/world/americas/brazil-votes-heated-bolsonaro-vs-lula-presidential-runoff-2022-10-30/ |access-date=31 October 2022 |archive-date=30 October 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221030230629/https://www.reuters.com/world/americas/brazil-votes-heated-bolsonaro-vs-lula-presidential-runoff-2022-10-30/ |url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite magazine |last=Lu |first=Christina |date=31 October 2022 |title=Lula Narrowly Defeats Bolsonaro |url=https://foreignpolicy.com/2022/10/31/brazil-election-lula-bolsonaro-result/ |access-date=31 October 2022 |magazine=Foreign Policy |archive-date=31 October 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221031101337/https://foreignpolicy.com/2022/10/31/brazil-election-lula-bolsonaro-result/ |url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last1=Camilo Rocha |first1=Vasco |last2=Cotovio |first2=Tara John |date=30 October 2022 |title=Brazil's Lula da Silva wins fiercely contested presidential run-off vote |url=https://www.cnn.com/2022/10/30/americas/brazil-election-polls-open-intl/index.html |access-date=20 October 2022 |work=CNN |archive-date=30 October 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221030143409/https://www.cnn.com/2022/10/30/americas/brazil-election-polls-open-intl/index.html |url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite magazine |last=Nugent |first=Ciara |date=30 October 2022 |title=Here's How Lula Won Brazil's Most Crucial Vote in Decades |url=https://time.com/6226269/how-lula-won-brazil-election/ |access-date=31 October 2022 |magazine=Time |archive-date=13 November 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221113081444/https://time.com/6226269/how-lula-won-brazil-election/ |url-status=live}}</ref>
|-
| [[2024 Mexican general election]]
| {{flag|Mexico}}
| 2 June 2024
| [[Claudia Sheinbaum]] of the ruling [[Morena (political party)|Morena]] party becomes the first woman to be elected president in Mexican history.
|
|-
| [[2024 Venezuelan presidential election]] and [[2024 Venezuelan political crisis|political crisis]]
| {{flag|Venezuela}}
| 28 July 2024
| Presidential elections were held on 28 July 2024 to choose a [[President of Venezuela|president]] for a six-year term beginning on 10 January 2025. The election was politically contentious, with international monitors calling it neither [[Free and fair election|free nor fair]], citing the incumbent [[Cabinet of Venezuela#Cabinet of Nicolás Maduro|Maduro administration]] having controlled most institutions and repressed the [[Venezuelan opposition|political opposition]] before, during, and after the election.  Widely viewed as having won the election, former diplomat [[Edmundo González Urrutia]] fled to asylum in Spain amid repression of dissent and a national and international political crisis that resulted when Venezuelan electoral authorities announced—without presenting any evidence—that [[Nicolás Maduro]] won. Maduro ran for a third consecutive term, while González represented the [[Unitary Platform]] ({{langx|es|Plataforma Unitaria Democrática|italic=no}}; PUD), the main opposition political alliance. In June 2023, the Venezuelan government had barred leading candidate [[María Corina Machado]] from participating. This move was regarded by the opposition as a violation of political human rights and was condemned by international bodies such as the [[Organization of American States]] (OAS), the [[European Union]], and [[Human Rights Watch]], as well as numerous countries. Academics, news outlets and the opposition provided "strong evidence" to suggest that González won the election by a wide margin with the opposition releasing copies of official tally sheets collected by [[poll watchers]] from a majority of polling centers showing a landslide victory for González. The government-controlled [[National Electoral Council (Venezuela)|National Electoral Council]] (CNE) announced [[election fraud|falsified]] results claiming a narrow Maduro victory on 29 July; vote tallies were not provided. The CNE's results were rejected by the [[Carter Center]] and by the OAS, and the [[United Nations]] declared that there was "no precedent in contemporary democratic elections" for announcing a winner without providing tabulated results. Analyses by media sources found the CNE results statistically improbable and lacking in credibility. Protests occurred across the country and internationally, as the Maduro administration initiated [[Operation Tun Tun]], a crackdown on dissent. Some world leaders rejected the CNE's claimed results and recognized González as the election winner, while some other countries, including Russia, China, Iran, North Korea and Cuba recognized Maduro as the winner. Maduro did not cede power, and instead asked the [[Supreme Tribunal of Justice (Venezuela)|Supreme Tribunal of Justice]] (TSJ), composed of justices loyal to Maduro, to audit and approve the results. On 22 August 2024, as anticipated, the TSJ described the CNE's statement of Maduro winning the election as "validated". The supreme court ruling was rejected by [[the United States]], [[the European Union]] and ten Latin American countries. An arrest warrant was issued on 2 September 2024 for González for the alleged crimes of "usurpation of functions, falsification of public documents, instigation to disobey the law, conspiracy and association." After seeking asylum in the Spanish Embassy in Caracas, González left for Spain on 7 September 2024.
|<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.npr.org/2024/07/26/nx-s1-5051813/venezuela-election-nicolas-maduro-opposition-edmundo-gonzalez |publisher=[[NPR]] |title=What to know about Venezuela's election, as Maduro faces stiff opposition |date=26 July 2024 |first1=John |last1=Otis |first2=Carrie |last2=Kahn |access-date=29 July 2024 |archive-date=28 July 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240728210202/https://www.npr.org/2024/07/26/nx-s1-5051813/venezuela-election-nicolas-maduro-opposition-edmundo-gonzalez |url-status=live}}</ref><ref name="Barrons.com">{{Cite web |title=Venezuela Will Hold Presidential Elections On July 28: Official |url=https://www.barrons.com/news/venezuela-will-hold-presidential-elections-on-july-28-official-fdbedc52 |access-date=15 March 2024 |website=Barrons.com |language=en-US |archive-date=11 June 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240611051359/https://www.barrons.com/news/venezuela-will-hold-presidential-elections-on-july-28-official-fdbedc52 |url-status=live}}</ref><ref name="Glatsky-2024">{{Cite news |last=Glatsky |first=Genevieve |date=31 July 2024 |title=Venezuela's Election Was Deeply Flawed. Here's How. |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2024/07/31/world/americas/venezuela-election-vote-flaws.html |access-date=2 August 2024 |work=The New York Times |language=en-US |issn=0362-4331 |quote=It had already been clear for months that Venezuela's presidential election on Sunday, would not be free or fair, as the government jailed opposition leaders or disqualified them from running for office, and prevented millions of Venezuelans abroad from voting. |archive-date=2 August 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240802012211/https://www.nytimes.com/2024/07/31/world/americas/venezuela-election-vote-flaws.html |url-status=live}}</ref> 
|-
|[[2024 United States presidential election]]
|{{flag|United States}}
|5 November 2024
|The 60th United States presidential election was held on 5 November 2024. [[Democratic Party (United States)|Democrat]] and former [[Vice President of the United States|Vice-president]] [[Joe Biden]] initially planned to run against [[Republican Party (United States)|Republican]] and former [[President of the United States|President]] [[Donald Trump]], in a rematch of the [[2020 United States presidential election]]. In the aftermath of a much-criticised debate performance against Trump in June 2024, and far behind Trump in the polls, Biden was pressured to drop out of the race. Vice President [[Kamala Harris]] took his place as the Democratic nominee, bypassing the usual primary process. Polling narrowed in the months leading up to election day, with the race too close to call across swing states and the country at large. Trump emerged the clear winner on election night, winning the popular vote and a clear majority of electoral college votes. Harris refused to concede on election night after it had become clear Trump had won the electoral college and popular vote. However, the following day, she conceded and acknowledged that Trump had won the election. This was the second of two elections won by Trump, the first being in [[2016 United States presidential election|2016]] against [[Hillary Clinton]], preceding his defeat by Biden in 2020.
|<ref name="Peoples & Barrow 2024">{{cite web |last1=Peoples |first1=Steve |last2=Barrow |first2=Bill |date=November 6, 2024 |title=Election takeaways: Trump's decisive victory in a deeply divided nation |url=https://apnews.com/article/trump-harris-presidential-election-takeaways-d0e4677f4cd53b4d2d8d18d674be5bf4 |access-date=November 11, 2024 |website=AP News}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |date=November 10, 2024 |title=Trump wins Arizona, sweeping all seven battleground states, Edison Research says |url=https://www.reuters.com/world/us/trump-wins-arizona-sweeping-all-seven-battleground-states-edison-research-says-2024-11-10/ |access-date=November 11, 2024 |work=Reuters}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.cbsnews.com/news/states-trump-won-flipped-2024/ |title=See which states Trump won in the 2024 election that he didn't win in 2020 |last1=Maguire |first1=Patrick |date=November 9, 2024 |access-date=November 16, 2024 |work=CBS News}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Manchester |first=Julia |date=January 29, 2023 |title=Republicans see education as winning issue in 2024 |url=https://thehill.com/homenews/campaign/3833724-republicans-see-education-as-winning-issue-in-2024/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230129170545/https://thehill.com/homenews/campaign/3833724-republicans-see-education-as-winning-issue-in-2024/ |archive-date=January 29, 2023 |access-date=July 9, 2023 |work=The Hill}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |last=Wolf |first=Zachary B. |date=November 9, 2024 |title=Analysis: Trump's win was real but not a landslide. Here's where it ranks |url=https://www.cnn.com/2024/11/09/politics/donald-trump-election-what-matters/index.html |access-date=November 12, 2024 |website=CNN}}</ref>
|-
|[[Death and state funeral of Jimmy Carter|Death and state funeral]] of [[Jimmy Carter]] 
|{{flag|United States}}
|29 December 2024
|The 39th [[president of the United States]] died at the age of 100 years and 89 days. Carter was the [[List of presidents of the United States by age|longest-lived U.S. president in history]] and the first president to reach the [[Centenarian|age of 100]].
|<ref>{{cite news |last1=Sullivan |first1=Kevin |last2=Walsh |first2=Edward |date=December 29, 2024 |title=Jimmy Carter, 39th president and Nobel Peace Prize winner, dies at 100, his son says |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/obituaries/2024/12/29/jimmy-carter-president-dead/ |access-date=December 29, 2024 |newspaper=The Washington Post}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.cnn.com/politics/live-news/jimmy-carter-death-news-12-29-24#cm5a935bu002m3b6m00ika2nl |title=President Joe Biden says America lost a "remarkable leader" in Jimmy Carter |date=December 29, 2024 |last=Forrest |first=Jack |publisher=[[CNN]] |access-date=December 29, 2024}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last1=Humayun |first1=Hira |last2=Rios |first2=Michael |date=2024-12-30 |title=How world leaders are reacting to Jimmy Carter's death |url=https://edition.cnn.com/2024/12/29/americas/jimmy-carter-death-world-leaders-react-intl-latam/index.html |access-date=2024-12-30 |website=CNN}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |url=https://apnews.com/article/jimmy-carter-funeral-plains-georgia-39d9be789f75b477b34fccdc2531238c |title=Jimmy Carter's flag-draped casket is on its way to Atlanta as 39th president's state funeral begins |first1=Kate |last1=Payne |first2=Bill |last2=Barrow |publisher=AP News |date=January 4, 2024 |access-date=January 4, 2024}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/nation/2025/01/07/jimmy-carter-lie-in-state-us-capitol/ |title=Congress pays respects to Jimmy Carter as he lies in state at U.S. Capitol |date=January 7, 2025 |work=WashingtonPost.com |access-date=2025-01-07}}</ref>
|-
|[[2024–2025 Canadian political crisis]]
|{{flag|Canada}}
|16 December 2024 – 6 January 2025
|A [[political crisis]] emerged in Canada after [[Chrystia Freeland]], the [[Minister of Finance (Canada)|minister of finance]] and [[Deputy Prime Minister of Canada|deputy prime minister]], resigned from [[Cabinet of Canada|Cabinet]] on 16 December 2024. [[Justin Trudeau]], the Prime Minister of Canada, announced his resignation on 6 January 2025. Although no specific reason was given for the resignation, it was widely interpreted as a response to the loss of confidence of his own [[Liberal Party of Canada|Liberal Party]], low public approval ratings, and growing polls for the [[Conservative Party of Canada|Conservatives]] leading to the [[2025 Canadian federal election|federal election]]. Many MP's cited concerns about reckless spending and an inadequate response on Trudeau's part to the threat of [[Movements for the annexation of Canada to the United States#Trump's proposals for Canada|the annexation of Canada to the United States]] and economic pressures proposed by incoming U.S. president [[Donald Trump]]. 
|<ref>{{Cite web |last=Major |first=Darren |date=16 December 2024 |title=Chrystia Freeland's unexpected resignation sparks stunned reactions from all sides |url=https://www.cbc.ca/news/politics/politicians-react-freeland-resignation-1.7411497 |website=CBC News |access-date=16 December 2024 |archive-date=16 December 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241216195841/https://www.cbc.ca/news/politics/politicians-react-freeland-resignation-1.7411497 |url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |last1=Maimann |first1=Kevin |last2=Schmunk |first2=Rhianna |date=6 January 2025 |title=Parliament is prorogued. Here's what that mean |publisher=[[CBC News]] |url=https://www.cbc.ca/news/politics/prorogue-parliament-canada-meaning-1.7412120 |access-date=9 January 2025}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Chowdhury |first=Sana Noor Haq, Maureen |date=2025-01-06 |title=Canada's PM Justin Trudeau announces resignation |url=https://www.cnn.com/world/live-news/canada-justin-trudeau-resignation-01-06-25/index.html |access-date=2025-01-16 |website=CNN |language=en}}</ref>
|-
|[[2025 Liberal Party of Canada leadership election]] and [[2025 Canadian federal election|Canadian federal election]]
|{{flag|Canada}}
|9 March – 28 April 2025
|A prelude to the [[2025 Canadian federal election|federal election]] began when former [[Governor of the Bank of Canada]] [[Mark Carney]] won a landslide victory in the Liberal Party leader election with over 85%. This margin of victory would even surpass outgoing Prime Minister [[Justin Trudeau]]'s 2013 margin in vote share, points, and ridings. He became Prime Minister five days later, succeeded Trudeau after nine years of premiership, and is expected to lead the party into the federal election. Two weeks later after the leadership election, Prime Minister Carney called an election on 28 April 2025, due to the threats from Donald Trump. He was re-elected in the federal election, defeating his [[Conservative Party of Canada|Conservative]] opponent [[Pierre Poilievre]].
|<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.cbc.ca/news/politics/livestory/liberal-leadership-race-mark-carney-elected-in-a-landslide-9.6678061|title=Liberal leadership race: Mark Carney elected in a landslide|publisher=[[CBC News]]|date=March 9, 2025|access-date=March 9, 2025}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last3=Hahn |first1=Rachel |last1=Aiello |first2=Mary |last2=Nersessian |first3=Phil |date=March 9, 2025 |title=Results are in, Mark Carney wins Liberal leadership race. Follow for live updates. |url=https://www.ctvnews.ca/politics/article/results-are-in-mark-carney-wins-liberal-leadership-race-follow-for-live-updates/ |access-date=March 9, 2025 |website=CTVNews |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Tunney |first=Catharine |date=March 9, 2025 |title=In landslide win, Liberal Party chooses Mark Carney as new leader and next PM |url=https://www.cbc.ca/news/politics/liberal-pary-leadership-winner-1.7476359 |website=[[CBC News]]}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |last=Cecco |first=Leyland |date=23 March 2025 |title=Canada to head to polls as Mark Carney calls snap election for 28 April |url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2025/mar/23/canada-to-head-to-polls-as-mark-carney-calls-snap-election-for-28-april |access-date=24 March 2025 |work=The Guardian |language=en-GB |issn=0261-3077}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |author=Cecco |first=Leyland |date=April 29, 2025 |title=Canada's liberal party, led by Mark Carney, secures election victory after dramatic reversal of fortune |url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2025/apr/29/canada-election-result-liberal-win-mark-carney-anti-trump |access-date=May 1, 2025 |website=The Guardian}}</ref>
|}

<gallery class="center" widths="185px" heights="125px" perrow="4" align="center">
File:2021 storming of the United States Capitol DSC09254-2 (50820534063) (retouched).jpg|On 6 January 2021, the [[6 January United States Capitol attack|U.S. Capitol attack]] occurred two weeks before [[Joe Biden]] was sworn into office. The event resulted in the [[Second impeachment of Donald Trump]] and a group of [[Public hearings of the United States House Select Committee on the January 6 Attack|televised public hearings]].

File:P20241113CS-0503 (cropped).jpg|The 2020s saw the U.S. presidency alternate from [[Donald Trump]] to [[Joe Biden]] in [[2020 United States presidential election|2020]], followed by Trump's successful re-election in [[2024 United States presidential election|2024]]; both the [[List of presidents of the United States by age|oldest presidents]] served during the decade. Trump is the second president elected to nonconsecutive terms (following [[Grover Cleveland]] in [[1884 United States presidential election|1884]] and [[1892 United States presidential election|1892]]).

File:Former President Donald Trump paying respect to Corey Comperatore (53887491621).jpg|[[Donald Trump]], who survived an attempted assassination in [[Attempted assassination of Donald Trump in Pennsylvania|Pennsylvania]] in July 2024. This image shows Donald Trump paying respect to Corey Comperatore's firefighter uniform; he lost his life in the assassination attempt.

File:Machado y González protestando contra el fraude presidencial en Venezuela de 2024.jpg|[[María Corina Machado]] and [[Edmundo González]] along with his wife, addressing supporters in Caracas following the [[2024 Venezuelan political crisis|2024 presidential election results]]. Incumbent [[Nicolás Maduro]] secured a third term in an election widely criticized as neither [[Free and fair election|free or fair]], given the [[Cabinet of Venezuela#Cabinet of Nicolás Maduro|Maduro administration]] having controlled most institutions and repressed the [[Venezuelan opposition|political opposition]] before and during the election.

File:Jimmy Carter lay-in state at U.S. Capitol.jpg|Former US president [[Jimmy Carter]] lay in repose at the [[United States Capitol|U.S. Capitol]], [[Washington D.C.]] He was the [[List of presidents of the United States by age|longest-lived U.S. president in history]] and the first president to reach the [[Centenarian|age of 100]].

File:Starmer and Carney 2025-03-17-18-44.jpg|[[Mark Carney]] became [[Prime Minister of Canada]], after he won a landslide victory at the [[2025 Liberal Party of Canada leadership election]] and re-elected at the [[2025 Canadian federal election|federal election]], since [[Justin Trudeau]] resigned after nine years of premiership.
</gallery>

====Asia====
{{Further|Category:2020s in Asia}}

{| class="wikitable mw-collapsible sortable"
|-
! style="width:130px;" | Event
! style="width:60px;" | Country
! style="width:100px;" | Date
! Description
! Reference
|-
| [[2019–2021 Persian Gulf crisis]]
| {{flag|Iran}}<br>{{flag|United States}}
| 5 May 2019
| The [[Persian Gulf]] region saw tensions between the [[United States]] and the [[Islamic Republic of Iran]] escalate in mid-2019. The crisis saw [[oil tanker]]s in the [[Strait of Hormuz]] sabotaged and seized, drone shootdowns, and efforts by the U.S. and [[United Kingdom]] to pursue military patrols to protect shipping in the gulf, known as the [[International Maritime Security Construct]]. On 31 December 2019 tensions reached a breaking point as Iranian-backed Shiite militia stormed into the [[Embassy of the United States, Baghdad|U.S. Embassy in Baghdad]], [[Iraq]], leading to the targeted killing of Iranian General [[Qasem Soleimani]] in a U.S. drone strike on 3 January 2020.
|<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.theguardian.com/uk-news/2019/aug/05/uk-joins-us-in-mission-to-protect-oil-tankers-in-gulf |title=UK joins US in mission to protect oil tankers in Gulf |date=5 August 2019 |newspaper=The Guardian |access-date=8 January 2020 |archive-date=30 November 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191130162619/https://www.theguardian.com/uk-news/2019/aug/05/uk-joins-us-in-mission-to-protect-oil-tankers-in-gulf |url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2019/dec/31/us-embassy-stormed-in-baghdad |title=Trump accuses Iran over storming of US embassy compound in Baghdad |date=31 December 2019 |work=The Guardian |access-date=8 January 2020 |archive-date=31 December 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191231145300/https://www.theguardian.com/world/2019/dec/31/us-embassy-stormed-in-baghdad |url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.pbs.org/newshour/world/column-what-the-killing-of-qassem-soleimani-could-mean-for-iran |title=Column: What the killing of Qassem Soleimani could mean |date=3 January 2020 |work=[[PBS NewsHour]] |access-date=8 January 2020 |archive-date=7 January 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200107214212/https://www.pbs.org/newshour/world/column-what-the-killing-of-qassem-soleimani-could-mean-for-iran |url-status=live}}</ref>
|-
|[[2020–2022 Malaysian political crisis]]
|{{flag|Malaysia}}
|22 February 2020 – 24 November 2022
|Political infighting and party switching within [[Pakatan Harapan]] and [[Perikatan Nasional]] led to the inability to form a stable majority government. After the collapse of 2 successive governments and a [[2022 Malaysian general election|snap general election]] held, the [[Anwar Ibrahim cabinet]] was formed, the first [[National unity government|unity government]] in the history of [[Malaysia]].
|<ref>{{Cite web |title=Malaysia's Muhyiddin resigns after troubled 17 months in power |url=https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2021/8/16/malaysias-muhyiddin-resigns-after-troubled-17-months-in-power |access-date=2021-08-16 |website=aljazeera.com |archive-date=2 July 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220702060011/https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2021/8/16/malaysias-muhyiddin-resigns-after-troubled-17-months-in-power |url-status=live}}</ref>
|-
| [[2020–2021 China–India skirmishes]]
| {{flag|China}}<br>{{flag|India}}
| 5 May 2020 – 20 January 2021
| Since 5 May 2020, Chinese and Indian troops have engaged in aggressive melee, face-offs, and skirmishes at locations along the [[Sino-Indian border]], including near the disputed [[Pangong Lake]] in [[Ladakh]] and the [[Tibet Autonomous Region]], and near the border between [[Sikkim]] and the Tibet Autonomous Region. Additional clashes also took place at locations in eastern Ladakh along the [[Line of Actual Control]] (LAC).
|<ref>{{cite news |url=https://theprint.in/defence/chinese-troops-challenge-india-at-multiple-locations-in-eastern-ladakh-standoff-continues/428304/ |title=Chinese troops challenge India at multiple locations in eastern Ladakh, standoff continues |date=24 May 2020 |work=The Print |access-date=2 September 2020 |archive-date=27 May 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200527163514/https://theprint.in/defence/chinese-troops-challenge-india-at-multiple-locations-in-eastern-ladakh-standoff-continues/428304/ |url-status=live}}</ref>
|-
|[[2021 Kyrgyz-Tajik clashes]]
|{{flag|Kyrgyzstan}}<br>{{flag|Tajikistan}}
|28 April – 1 May and 9 July 2021
|A 3-day border conflict with clashes occurred in late April 2021 between the two [[Central Asian]] countries [[Kyrgyzstan]] and [[Tajikistan]]. The reason why the fighting broke out is disputed, but it is due either to an old [[Water conflict|water dispute]] or to local people's dissatisfaction with the installation of [[surveillance cameras]] near the border. After 3 days of intense clashes, that left more than 50 people dead and also more than 40,000 displaced civilians, the two countries agreed on a ceasefire. After the ceasefire, however, there was a fatal incident on 9 July.
|<ref>{{Cite web |last1=Imanaliyeva |first1=Ayzirek |last2=Ibragimova |first2=Kamila |last3=Leonard |first3=Peter |date=29 April 2022 |title=Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan forces exchange gunfire in worst border flareup in years |url=https://eurasianet.org/kyrgyzstan-tajikistan-forces-exchange-gunfire-in-worst-border-flareup-in-years |access-date=29 April 2021 |website=eurasianet.org |archive-date=2 May 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210502035804/https://eurasianet.org/tempers-flaring-as-kyrgyzstan-tajikistan-come-to-deadly-blows |url-status=live}}</ref>
|-
|[[2021 Israel–Palestine crisis]]
|{{flag|Israel}}<br>{{flag|Palestine}}
|6–21 May 2021
|Clashes between Israelis and Palestinians in Jerusalem lead to eleven days of fighting between Israel and [[Hamas]] in Gaza.
|<ref>{{Cite news |date=21 May 2021 |title=Israel-Gaza ceasefire holds despite Jerusalem clash |publisher=BBC News |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-middle-east-57195537 |access-date=1 October 2021 |archive-date=25 May 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210525215311/https://www.bbc.com/news/world-middle-east-57195537 |url-status=live}}</ref>
|-
|[[2021 Taliban offensive]]
|{{flag|Afghanistan|2013}}
|1 May – 15 August 2021
|Beginning on 1 May 2021, the [[Taliban]] and allied militant groups made a final offensive against the [[Islamic Republic of Afghanistan]] and its allies, coinciding with the withdrawal of most United States and allied troops from Afghanistan. It resulted in the ''de facto'' takeover of the country and the reinstatement of the [[Afghanistan|Islamic Emirate of Afghanistan]], [[Fall of Kabul (2021)|ending]] the twenty-year-long [[War in Afghanistan (2001–2021)|War in Afghanistan]] on 15 August 2021.
|<ref>{{Cite web |last1=Seir |first1=Ahmed |last2=Faiez |first2=Rahim |last3=Akghar |first3=Tameem |last4=Gambrell |first4=John |date=15 August 2021 |title=Official: Taliban negotiators head to presidential palace |url=https://apnews.com/article/taliban-e1ed33fe0c665ee67ba132c51b8e32a5 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210815031639/https://apnews.com/article/taliban-e1ed33fe0c665ee67ba132c51b8e32a5 |archive-date=15 August 2021 |access-date=15 August 2021 |website=Associated Press}}</ref>
|-
|[[2021–2022 Iraqi political crisis]]
|{{flag|Iraq}}
|5 November 2021 – 28 October 2022
|The [[2021 Iraqi parliamentary election|parliamentary election in October 2021]] resulted in deadlock as members of the [[Council of Representatives of Iraq]] were unable to form a stable government or elect a new president. Ended in the election of [[Abdul Latif Rashid]] as [[President of Iraq|president]] and [[Mohammed Shia' Al Sudani]] as [[Prime Minister of Iraq|prime minister]].
|<ref>{{cite web |date=2022-10-27 |title=Iraqi parliament approves new government headed by Mohammed Shia al-Sudani |url=https://www.reuters.com/world/middle-east/iraq-lawmakers-approve-government-prime-minister-designate-sudani-2022-10-27/ |access-date=23 February 2023 |website=Reuters |archive-date=2 November 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221102111708/https://www.reuters.com/world/middle-east/iraq-lawmakers-approve-government-prime-minister-designate-sudani-2022-10-27/ |url-status=live}}</ref>
|-
|[[2022 Kyrgyz-Tajik clashes]]
|{{flag|Kyrgyzstan}}<br>{{flag|Tajikistan}}
|27 January – 20 September 2022
|The sporadic fighting between [[Kyrgyzstan]] and [[Tajikistan]], which had started in [[2021 Kyrgyz-Tajik clashes|2021]], began again in late January 2022 and the bloody clashes resulted in dozens of deaths and injuries on 27 January, 10 March, 3 June and 14 June. In September, the fighting escalated and the 6 days of fighting between 14 and 20 September, which resulted in hundreds of deaths and injuries, finally ended on 20 September when the two countries signed a peace deal.
|<ref>{{Cite news |last=Miner |first=Louise |date=20 September 2022 |title=Tajikistan and Kyrgyzstan sign peace deal after deadly border clashes |work=Euronews |url=https://www.euronews.com/2022/09/20/tajikistan-and-kyrgyzstan-sign-peace-deal-after-deadly-border-clashes |url-status=live |access-date=21 September 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220922024137/https://www.euronews.com/2022/09/20/tajikistan-and-kyrgyzstan-sign-peace-deal-after-deadly-border-clashes |archive-date=22 September 2022}}</ref>
|-
|[[2022–2024 Pakistan political unrest]]
|{{flag|Pakistan}}
|3 April 2022 – 24 November 2024
|The events began with a [[2022 Pakistani constitutional crisis|constitutional crisis]] in April 2022 after a [[No-confidence motion against Imran Khan|no-confidence motion]] against [[Imran Khan]] was dismissed by the deputy speaker, citing foreign interference by the United States. The Supreme Court ruled this action unconstitutional and [[Parliament of Pakistan|parliament]] reconvened and passed the motion, making Khan the first [[Prime Minister of Pakistan]] to be removed from office by [[Motion of no confidence|a vote of no confidence]]. Khan would call for general elections to be held, but soon after he was the target of [[Attempted assassination of Imran Khan|an assassination attempt]] and [[Arrest of Imran Khan|two arrests]]. [[2023 Pakistani protests|Nationwide protests]] in support of Khan erupted after his arrests, culminating in the [[May 9 riots]] and a crackdown by the government. The events were a major event in the lead up to the [[2024 Pakistani general election|2024 general election]].
|<ref>{{Cite web |last=Chaudhry |first=Fahad |date=9 April 2022 |title=Imran Khan loses no-trust vote, prime ministerial term set for unceremonious end |url=https://www.dawn.com/news/1684168 |access-date=9 April 2022 |website=DAWN.COM |archive-date=13 April 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220413200934/https://www.dawn.com/news/1684168 |url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web | url=https://www.dawn.com/news/1742311/with-leas-at-the-gates-imran-says-hope-lies-with-establishment-in-ending-this-farce | title=PTI claims Zaman Park 'under extreme attack' by law enforcement personnel | date=15 March 2023 | access-date=15 March 2023 | archive-date=15 March 2023 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230315075331/https://www.dawn.com/news/1742311/with-leas-at-the-gates-imran-says-hope-lies-with-establishment-in-ending-this-farce | url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.news18.com/breaking-news/today-breaking-news-live-updates-may-12-2023-7788637.html|title=Breaking News Live Updates – 12 May 2023: Islamabad HC Grants Ex-PM Imran Khan 2-Week Bail In Graft Case|website=News18.com|access-date=5 August 2023}}</ref>
|-
|[[2024 Varzaqan helicopter crash]]
|{{flag|Iran}}
|19 May 2024
|An [[Islamic Republic of Iran Air Force|Iranian Air Force]] helicopter crashed near the village of [[Uzi, Varzaqan|Uzi]], [[East Azerbaijan province|East Azerbaijan]], [[Iran]], killing [[President of Iran]] [[Ebrahim Raisi]] along with other political officials. 
|<ref name="bbcknow">{{Cite web |date=20 May 2024 |title=Ebrahim Raisi: What we know about deadly Iran helicopter crash |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/articles/c4nnd23d505o |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240520151854/https://www.bbc.com/news/articles/c4nnd23d505o |archive-date=20 May 2024 |access-date=22 May 2024 |website=[[BBC]]}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/live/2024/may/19/israel-gaza-war-live-people-killed-in-strike-nuseirat-refugee-camp-gaza |title=The dispatched rescue teams will reach the probable coordinates of president Raisi's helicopter within half an hour, state media is reporting. |date=19 May 2024 |work=[[The Guardian]] |access-date=19 May 2024 |archive-date=19 May 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240519175307/https://www.theguardian.com/world/live/2024/may/19/israel-gaza-war-live-people-killed-in-strike-nuseirat-refugee-camp-gaza |url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |last1=Makoii |first1=Akhtar |last2=Abrahams |first2=Jessica |last3=Smith |first3=Benedict |last4=Zagon |first4=Chanel |name-list-style=and |date=19 May 2024 |title=Iranian president Ebrahim Raisi 'missing' after helicopter makes hard landing |url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/world-news/2024/05/19/helicopter-carrying-iran-president-ebrahim-raisi-hard-land/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240519150754/https://www.telegraph.co.uk/world-news/2024/05/19/helicopter-carrying-iran-president-ebrahim-raisi-hard-land/ |archive-date=19 May 2024 |access-date=19 May 2024 |work=The Telegraph |issn=0307-1235}}</ref>
|-
| [[2024 Japanese general election]]
| {{flag|Japan}}
| 27 October 2024
| The [[Liberal Democratic Party (Japan)|Liberal Democratic Party]], led by prime minister [[Shigeru Ishiba]], after the resignation of [[Fumio Kishida]] as party leader due to his low approval rating amid the [[2023–2024 Japanese slush fund scandal|party-wide slush fund corruption scandal]] and several troubled events. The dissolution of the Diet was held eight days after the prime minister's inauguration and 26 days before the voting day, both the shortest since the end of [[World War II]]. Voter turnout was 53.84%, around two percentage points down from [[2021 Japanese general election|2021]] and the third lowest in the postwar era, while the ruling LDP-Komeito coalition lost their majority for the first time since [[2009 Japanese general election|2009]].
|<ref>{{cite news |title=Ishiba Signals Intention to Remain as Japan PM Despite Party's Election Defeat |url=https://www.bloomberg.com/news/live-blog/2024-10-27/japan-election-reaction |work=Bloomberg.com |date=28 October 2024 |language=en |archive-url=https://archive.today/20241028053744/https://www.bloomberg.com/news/live-blog/2024-10-27/japan-election-reaction |archive-date=28 October 2024 |url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|title=Japan PM seeks partners after ruling bloc loses lower house majority|url=https://english.kyodonews.net/news/2024/10/33076ebdd8e3-japan-pm-seeks-partners-after-ruling-bloc-loses-lower-house-majority.html|work=Kyodo News|date=2024-10-28}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |last1=Murakami |first1=Sakura|last2=Geddie |first2= John|last3=Kelly|first3=Tim|date=27 October 2024|title=Japan votes in election expected to punish PM Ishiba's coalition|language=en |work=Reuters |url=https://www.reuters.com/world/asia-pacific/japan-votes-election-expected-punish-pm-ishibas-coalition-2024-10-26/|access-date=28 October 2024 |archive-url=https://archive.today/20241028164349/https://www.reuters.com/world/asia-pacific/japan-votes-election-expected-punish-pm-ishibas-coalition-2024-10-26/ |archive-date=28 October 2024 |url-status=live}}</ref>
|-
|[[2024 South Korean martial law crisis|2024–2025 South Korean political crisis]]
|{{flag|South Korea}}
|3 December 2024 – 4 April 2025
|[[Yoon Suk Yeol]], the [[president of South Korea]], declared [[martial law]] during a televised address which triggered to a political crisis. The [[Impeachment of Yoon Suk Yeol|impeachment]] occurred against president by the [[National Assembly (South Korea)|National Assembly]] following the impeachment motion raised against him on 14 December 2024, making the second president to be impeached since [[Impeachment of Park Geun-hye|Park Geun-hye in 2016]]. Later [[Prime minister of South Korea|Prime Minister]] [[Han Duck-soo]] was [[Impeachment of Han Duck-soo|impeached]] two weeks later and replaced by Deputy Prime minister [[Choi Sang-mok]], later he was reinstated three months later. South Korean government organizations and the [[Interpol]] prompted the agency to file an [[Arrest of Yoon Suk Yeol|arrest warrant]] for Yoon on 30 December and on 15 January 2025 became the first sitting president arrested, later triggered into a [[2025 South Korean presidential election|snap presidential election]] following the removal of an impeached president.
|<ref>{{cite news |last1=Wong |first1=Tessa |last2=Mackenzie |first2=Jean |last3=Kwon |first3=Jake |last4=Choi |first4=Leehyun |title=South Korea's president impeached by parliament after mass protests over short-lived martial law |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/live/c1wq025v421t |access-date=14 December 2024 |work=BBC News |date=14 December 2024 |archive-date=14 December 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241214051854/https://www.bbc.com/news/live/c1wq025v421t |url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |title=Cheers erupt, heads hang in defeat as National Assembly impeaches president |url=https://www.koreatimes.co.kr/www/nation/2024/12/356_388450.html |access-date=15 December 2024 |work=The Korea Times |date=15 December 2024 |archive-date=14 December 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241214185636/https://www.koreatimes.co.kr/www/nation/2024/12/356_388450.html |url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last1=Ng |first1=Kelly |last2=Mackenzie |first2=Jean |date=14 December 2024 |title=South Korean MPs impeach president over martial law attempt |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/articles/c140xjv31lxo |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241214201249/https://www.bbc.com/news/articles/c140xjv31lxo |archive-date=14 December 2024 |access-date=15 December 2024 |work=BBC |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Lee |first=Haye-ah |date=27 December 2024 |title=(4th LD) Nat'l Assembly votes to impeach acting President Han |url=https://en.yna.co.kr/view/AEN20241227001254315 |access-date=27 December 2024 |website=[[Yonhap News Agency]] |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |title=South Korean authorities seek warrant to detain impeached President Yoon in martial law probe |url=https://apnews.com/article/south-korea-yoon-martial-law-detain-rebellion-d00aa71be342df39b9775e49f90f5756 |last=Kim |first=Tong-hyung |work=[[AP News]] |date=30 December 2024 |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last1=Wong |first1=Tessa |date=23 March 2025 |title=South Korea court reinstates PM as acting leader |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/articles/c625jkyrx6do |archive-date=24 March 2025 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250324041549/https://www.bbc.com/news/articles/c625jkyrx6do |url-status=live |access-date=24 March 2025 |work=BBC News |language=en}}</ref>
|-
| [[Arrest of Rodrigo Duterte]]
| {{flag|Philippines}}
| 11 March 2025
| Former [[President of the Philippines|Philippine president]] [[Rodrigo Duterte]] was arrested by the [[Philippine National Police]] ([[Criminal Investigation and Detection Group|CIDG]]), [[Interpol]], and Philippine Center on Transnational Crimes, under an [[International Criminal Court]] (ICC) warrant charging him with [[crimes against humanity]] related to the [[Philippine drug war]] as the "act of [[terrorism]]". Duterte arrived at [[Ninoy Aquino International Airport]] in Metro Manila on 11 March after attending a political rally in [[Hong Kong]] and transferred to [[the Hague]] for a face trial. He is the first Philippine president to face an international tribunal and the first leader from Asia to face trial before the ICC.
| <ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.abs-cbn.com/news/nation/2025/3/11/dozens-of-cops-at-naia-ahead-of-rodrigo-duterte-s-expected-arrival-0951 |title=Ex-President Duterte arrested on ICC warrant |publisher=ABS-CBN News |date=March 11, 2025 |access-date=March 11, 2025 }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/articles/cp9ykn85401o |title=Philippines ex-leader Duterte arrested on ICC warrant over drug killings |publisher=BBC |last1=Guinto |first1=Joel |date=March 11, 2025 |access-date=March 11, 2025 }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |last1=Ratcliffe |first1=Rebecca |title=Rodrigo Duterte's lawyers demand he is returned to the Philippines after ICC arrest |url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2025/mar/12/rodrigo-duterte-philippines-former-president-arrest-update |website=The Guardian |language=en-gb |date=March 12, 2025}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2025/3/12/philippine-vp-sara-duterte-travels-to-the-hague-to-help-father-at-icc|title=Philippine VP Sara Duterte travels to The Hague to help father at ICC|publisher=Al Jazeera |date=March 12, 2025 |access-date=March 12, 2025}}</ref>
|-
| [[2025 India–Pakistan conflict]]
| {{flag|India}}<br>{{flag|Pakistan}}
| 23 April 2025 – 
| India and Pakistan fell into a military and diplomatic sanctions began after the [[2025 Pahalgam attack]], a [[Islamic terrorist|terrorist]] attack in the [[Baisaran Valley]] of [[Jammu and Kashmir (union territory)|Jammu and Kashmir]] by [[The Resistance Front]] (TRF), which killed 26 people. India accused Pakistan of sponsoring terrorism and initiated the expulsion of Pakistani diplomats and withdrawal of own diplomats, suspended visas, closed borders, and withdrawal from the [[Indus Waters Treaty]], while Pakistan denied the allegations and responded with trade restrictions, closure of airspace and border crossings and suspension of the [[Simla Agreement]]. A direct [[2025 India–Pakistan conflict|conflict]] broke out on 7 May 2025, after India launched missile strikes on Pakistan, codenamed Operation Sindoor.
|<ref>{{cite news |title=What is The Resistance Front, the militant group linked to Pahalgam attack? |url=https://www.reuters.com/world/india/kashmir-resistance-group-that-claimed-attack-tourists-indian-kashmir-2025-04-23/ |access-date=24 April 2025 |work=[[Reuters]] |publisher=Shilpa Jamkhandikar}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |title=Crisis Deepens for India and Pakistan Over Kashmir Attack |work=The New York Times |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2025/04/24/world/asia/pakistan-india-kashmir-attack.html |access-date=24 April 2025 |agency=[[The New York Times]] |last1=Masood |first1=Salman }}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |last=Hadid |first=Diaa |date=2025-04-25 |title=After deadly Kashmir attack, India reports exchange of fire with Pakistani soldiers |url=https://www.npr.org/2025/04/25/g-s1-62677/india-pakistan-kashmir-line-of-control-firing |access-date=2025-04-25 |work=NPR |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |date=6 May 2025 |title=India says it has launched strikes on Pakistan and Pakistan-administered Kashmir |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/live/cwyneele13qt |access-date=6 May 2025 |work=[[BBC News]]}}</ref>
|}
<gallery class="center" widths="185px" heights="125px" perrow="4" align="center">

File:Imran Khan and 2 Chief Ministers of Pakistan.jpg|Former Pakistani prime minister [[Imran Khan]] was arrested twice during the [[2022–2024 Pakistan political unrest|political unrest]], and PTI-led independents were lost the [[2024 Pakistani general election|2024 election]].  

File:Shigeru Ishiba was designated as the 102nd Prime Minister 4.jpg|[[Shigeru Ishiba]] is elected as [[Prime Minister of Japan]] by the [[National Diet]], succeed [[Fumio Kishida]] and reelected in October 2024 following the [[2024 Japanese general election|election]].

File:2024년 대한민국 계엄 반대 시위대 깃발.jpg|Protests erupted during the [[2024 South Korean martial law crisis|2024–2025 South Korean political crisis]] on 3 December 2024.

File:Duterte and Medialdea flying to The Hague in 2025.jpg|Former [[President of the Philippines|Philippine president]] [[Rodrigo Duterte]] was arrested by several organizations under an [[International Criminal Court]] (ICC) warrant charging him with [[crimes against humanity]] and [[abuse of power]] related to the [[Philippine drug war]] and [[2024 South Korean martial law crisis|declaration of martial law]] are the "act of [[terrorism]]".
</gallery>

====Europe====
{{Further|Category:2020s in Europe}}

{| class="wikitable mw-collapsible sortable"
|-
! style="width:130px;"| Event
! style="width:60px;" | Country
! style="width:100px;"| Date
! Description
! References
|-
| [[Brexit]]
| {{flag|United Kingdom}}
| 31 January 2020
| The [[United Kingdom]] and [[Gibraltar]] formally withdrew from the [[European Union]] at 11PM (GMT).
| <ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-politics-51287430 |title=Brexit: European Parliament overwhelmingly backs terms of UK's exit |access-date=1 February 2020 |archive-date=29 January 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200129175943/https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-politics-51287430 |url-status=live}}</ref>
|-
| Eighth [[Enlargement of NATO#Adriatic Charter|NATO enlargement]]
| {{flag|North Macedonia}}
| 27 March 2020
| [[North Macedonia]] became a member state of [[NATO]] after the 2018 [[Prespa Agreement]].
|<ref>{{Cite news |date=20 March 2020 |title=North Macedonia's Leader Inks Final Accession Document |work=The New York Times |url=https://www.nytimes.com/aponline/2020/03/20/us/politics/ap-eu-north-macedonia-nato.html |access-date=21 March 2020 |issn=0362-4331 |archive-date=21 March 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200321031941/https://www.nytimes.com/aponline/2020/03/20/us/politics/ap-eu-north-macedonia-nato.html |url-status=live}}</ref>
|-
|[[2021–2025 Bulgarian political crisis]]
| {{flag|Bulgaria}}
|4 April 2021 – 16 January 2025
|A series of unstable governments and a gridlock resulted in seven elections occurring over four years.
|<ref>{{Cite news |date=2023-01-24 |title=Bulgaria gears for its fifth election in two years on April 2 |work=Reuters |url=https://www.reuters.com/world/europe/bulgaria-hold-early-elections-april-2-president-2023-01-24/ |access-date=2023-01-26 |archive-date=27 January 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230127213534/https://www.reuters.com/world/europe/bulgaria-hold-early-elections-april-2-president-2023-01-24/ |url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.reuters.com/world/europe/bulgaria-hold-another-snap-parliamentary-election-oct-27-says-president-2024-08-26/|title=Bulgaria to hold another snap parliamentary election on Oct. 27, says president|website=[[Reuters]]|date=26 August 2024}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Central Election Commission Adopts Schedule for October 27 Snap Parliamentary Elections |url=https://www.bta.bg/en/news/bulgaria/732377-central-election-commission-adopts-schedule-for-october-27-snap-parliamentary-el |access-date=2024-08-27 |website=www.bta.bg |language=en}}</ref>
|-
|[[Belarus–European Union border crisis]]
| {{flag|Belarus}} {{flag|European Union}}
|7 July 2021 – ongoing
|A [[migrant crisis]] and humanitarian disaster involving an influx of coordinated groups of immigrants, primarily from [[Iraq]] and elsewhere in the [[Middle East]] and [[North Africa]], to [[Poland]], [[Lithuania]] and [[Latvia]] via their borders with [[Belarus]]. The crisis was triggered by the severe deterioration in [[Belarus–European Union relations]] following the [[2020 Belarusian presidential election]], the [[2020–2021 Belarusian protests]], the [[Ryanair Flight 4978]] incident and subsequent sanctions on Belarus, as well as the [[Belarus 2020 Summer Olympics scandal|attempted forced repatriation]] of Olympic sprinter [[Krystsina Tsimanouskaya]] from the [[2020 Summer Olympics|Olympic Games]] in [[Tokyo]], [[Japan]]. Belarusian [[President of Belarus|president]] [[Alexander Lukashenko]] deliberately had immigrants from the [[Middle East]] flown into Belarus in order to "flood [[Europe]] with migrants and drugs."
|<ref>{{cite news |date=8 November 2021 |title=Hundreds Of Migrants Gather At Belarusian-Polish Border |url=https://www.rferl.org/a/belarus-migrants-poland-border-incident/31551118.html |newspaper=Radio Free Europe/Radio Liberty |access-date=29 July 2024 |archive-date=23 November 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211123181240/https://www.rferl.org/a/belarus-migrants-poland-border-incident/31551118.html |url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |last1=Pancevski |first1=Bojan |last2=Hinshaw |first2=Drew |date=2021-11-11 |title=Europe Weighs Border Walls as Migrants Mass in Belarus at Poland's Frontier |url=https://www.wsj.com/articles/europe-weighs-border-walls-as-migrants-mass-in-belarus-at-polands-frontier-11636649364 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211115030315/https://www.wsj.com/articles/europe-weighs-border-walls-as-migrants-mass-in-belarus-at-polands-frontier-11636649364 |archive-date=15 November 2021 |access-date=2021-11-15 |work=Wall Street Journal |issn=0099-9660}}</ref>
|-
| [[Platinum Jubilee of Elizabeth II]]
| {{flag|United Kingdom}}
| 6 February 2022
| [[Monarchy of the United Kingdom|Queen]] [[Elizabeth II]] celebrated her Platinum Jubilee, which marked the 70th anniversary of her accession.
|<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.stpauls.co.uk/news-press/news-archive/2012/Queen-celebrates-Jubilee-at-St-Pauls-images |title=Platinum Jubilee: Queen pictured at work in image released for historic 70th anniversary |website=news.sky.com |access-date=6 February 2022 |archive-date=20 February 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220220175446/https://www.stpauls.co.uk/news-press/news-archive/2012/Queen-celebrates-Jubilee-at-St-Pauls-images |url-status=live}}</ref>
|-
| [[July 2022 United Kingdom government crisis]]
| {{flag|United Kingdom}}
| 5–7 July 2022
| Several officials resigned from their positions in [[Prime Minister of the United Kingdom|Prime Minister]] [[Boris Johnson]]'s [[second Johnson ministry|second ministry]], culminating in Johnson announcing his resignation on 7 July and a [[July–September 2022 Conservative Party leadership election|leadership election]] called to decide the next leader of the Conservative Party.
| <ref name="resign">{{Cite web |url=https://www.cnn.com/2022/07/07/europe/boris-johnson-resignation-intl/index.html |website=[[CNN]] |first1=Jack |last1=Guy |first2=Luke |last2=McGee |first3=Ivana |last3=Kottasová |date=7 July 2022 |title=UK Prime Minister Boris Johnson resigns after mutiny in his party |access-date=7 July 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220707173327/https://www.cnn.com/2022/07/07/europe/boris-johnson-resignation-intl/index.html |archive-date=7 July 2022 |url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|last=Mason |first=Rowena |date=6 June 2022 |title=Boris Johnson wins no-confidence vote despite unexpectedly large rebellion |url=https://www.theguardian.com/politics/2022/jun/06/boris-johnson-wins-no-confidence-vote-despite-unexpectedly-large-rebellion |access-date=15 July 2022 |work=The Guardian}}</ref>
|-
|[[Death and funeral of Mikhail Gorbachev|Death]] of [[Mikhail Gorbachev]]
| {{flag|Russia}}
|30 August 2022
|A Russian and Soviet politician who served as the last leader of the [[Soviet Union]], Mikhail Gorbachev died at the age of 91.
|<ref name="TheGuardianTributes">{{Cite web |last=Farrer |first=Martin |date=30 August 2022 |title=Mikhail Gorbachev: tributes pour in for 'one-of-a kind' Soviet leader |url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2022/aug/31/mikhail-gorbachev-tributes-pour-in-for-one-of-a-kind-soviet-leader |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220831023447/https://www.theguardian.com/world/2022/aug/31/mikhail-gorbachev-tributes-pour-in-for-one-of-a-kind-soviet-leader |archive-date=31 August 2022 |access-date=30 August 2022 |work=The Guardian}}</ref>
|-
|[[Death and state funeral of Elizabeth II|Death and state funeral]] of [[Elizabeth II]] and [[Proclamation of accession of Charles III|accession of Charles III]]
|{{flag|United Kingdom}}
|8 September 2022
|Elizabeth II, the Queen of the United Kingdom and the other Commonwealth realms, the longest-living and longest-reigning British monarch, reigning since 6 February 1952, died at the age of 96. Her son Charles acceded to the throne as King Charles III immediately, after serving as heir apparent for 70 years, the longest in British history.
|<ref name="BBCNewsInfo">{{Cite news |date=8 September 2022 |title=Queen Elizabeth II has died, Buckingham Palace announces |work=[[BBC News]] |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/uk-61585886 |url-status=live |access-date=8 September 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220908173308/https://www.bbc.com/news/uk-61585886 |archive-date=8 September 2022}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.bbc.com/news/uk-62857578|title=Charles III to be proclaimed king at historic ceremony|publisher=BBC News|first=Joseph|last=Lee|date=10 September 2022|accessdate=10 September 2022|archive-date=10 September 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220910074953/https://www.bbc.com/news/uk-62857578|url-status=live}}</ref>
|-
|[[2022 Italian general election]]
|{{flag|Italy}}
|25 September 2022
|The [[Centre-right coalition (Italy)|right-wing coalition]] led by [[Giorgia Meloni]]'s [[Brothers of Italy]] won an absolute majority in both houses. On 22 October, Meloni was appointed prime minister, becoming the first woman to hold the office.
|<ref>{{cite news |agency=[[Associated Press]] |date=21 October 2022 |title=Presidential palace says Giorgia Meloni forms government, giving Italy first far-right-led coalition since World War II |url=https://abcnews.go.com/International/wireStory/presidential-palace-giorgia-meloni-forms-government-giving-italy-91866408 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221022000948/https://abcnews.go.com/International/wireStory/presidential-palace-giorgia-meloni-forms-government-giving-italy-91866408 |archive-date=22 October 2022 |access-date=21 October 2022 |website=[[ABC News (United States)|ABC News]]}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |date=21 October 2022 |title=Far-right Meloni set to become Italy's first woman PM |url=https://www.france24.com/en/live-news/20221021-far-right-meloni-set-to-become-italy-s-first-woman-pm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221021100236/https://www.france24.com/en/live-news/20221021-far-right-meloni-set-to-become-italy-s-first-woman-pm |archive-date=21 October 2022 |access-date=21 October 2022 |website=[[France 24]] |publisher=[[Agence France-Presse]]}}</ref>
|-
| [[Golden Jubilee of Margrethe II]]
| {{flag|Denmark}}
| 2022
| [[Monarchy of Denmark|Queen]] [[Margrethe II of Denmark|Margrethe II]] celebrated her Golden Jubilee, which marked the 50th anniversary of her accession.
|<ref name="hny">{{Cite web |title=Queen Margrethe of Denmark's Golden Jubilee: Everything we know so far |url=https://honey.nine.com.au/royals/queen-margrethe-of-denmark-golden-jubilee-2022-50-year-reign-explainer/1b7bdb45-da97-417d-91a7-c44193e74b0f |access-date=5 April 2022 |work=9Honey |date=11 January 2022 |archive-date=9 April 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220409200441/https://honey.nine.com.au/royals/queen-margrethe-of-denmark-golden-jubilee-2022-50-year-reign-explainer/1b7bdb45-da97-417d-91a7-c44193e74b0f |url-status=live}}</ref>
|-
|[[October 2022 United Kingdom government crisis]]
|{{flag|United Kingdom}}
|14–20 October 2022
|Only six weeks into her premiership, conservative MPs in the United Kingdom cited a loss in public confidence in [[Prime Minister of the United Kingdom|Prime Minister]] [[Liz Truss]]'s ministry following her [[September 2022 United Kingdom mini-budget|September mini-budget]]. This culminated in Truss announcing her resignation on 20 October and a [[October 2022 Conservative Party leadership election|leadership election]] was called to decide the next leader of the Conservative Party.
|<ref name="sky resign">{{Cite news |date=20 October 2022 |title=Liz Truss resigns as prime minister |work=Sky News |url=https://news.sky.com/story/liz-truss-to-resign-as-prime-minister-sky-news-understands-12723236 |url-status=live |access-date=20 October 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221020124052/https://news.sky.com/story/liz-truss-to-resign-as-prime-minister-sky-news-understands-12723236 |archive-date=20 October 2022}}</ref>
|-
|[[Death and funeral of Pope Benedict XVI]]
|{{flag|Vatican City}}
|31 December 2022
|[[Pope]] Emeritus [[Benedict XVI]], who [[Resignation of Pope Benedict XVI|resigned in 2013]] as the first Pope to do so in 600 years, dies at the age of 95.
|<ref>{{Cite news |last=Winfield |first=Nicole |date=31 December 2022 |title=Benedict XVI, first pope to resign in 600 years, dies at 95 |work=Associated Press News |url=https://apnews.com/article/pope-benedict-xvi-dead-9d486fd9b12eab1177b9eb8ab7be22f4 |url-status=live |access-date=31 December 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221231095923/https://apnews.com/article/pope-benedict-xvi-dead-9d486fd9b12eab1177b9eb8ab7be22f4 |archive-date=31 December 2022}}</ref>
|-
|[[2023 Montenegrin presidential election]]
|{{flag|Montenegro}}
|2 April 2023
|[[Europe Now!]] candidate [[Jakov Milatović]] wins the 2nd round of the presidential election against incumbent [[President of Montenegro|president]] [[Milo Đukanović]] of the [[Democratic Party of Socialists of Montenegro|DPS]]. Đukanović, who had ruled the country almost continuously since [[1991]] either as president or [[Prime Minister of Montenegro|prime minister]], thus lost power for the first time after more than 32 years. Milatović's victory was also the first time that the DPS lost a presidential election since [[1990 Montenegrin general election|1990]].
|<ref>[https://rtcg.me/predsjednickiizbori/413500/jakov-milatovic-ubjedljivo-pobijedio-dobio-601-odsto-glasova-djukanovic-399-.html Jakov Milatović ubjedljivo pobijedio: Dobio 60,1 odsto glasova, Đukanović 39,9 %] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230403063242/https://www.rtcg.me/predsjednickiizbori/413500/jakov-milatovic-ubjedljivo-pobijedio-dobio-601-odsto-glasova-djukanovic-399-.html |date=3 April 2023 }}, RTCG, 2 April 2023</ref>
|-
| Ninth and tenth [[Enlargement of NATO#Finland and Sweden|NATO enlargement]]s
| {{flag|Finland}}
| 4 April 2023 – 7 March 2024
|[[Finland]] and [[Sweden]] applied to join NATO in 2022 following the Russian invasion of Ukraine and was formally accepted the following year. This ended This ended neutrality that had existed more than two centuries, both Nordic countries to join the alliance.
|<ref name="fastest">{{Cite web |last=Laverick |first=Evelyn |date=2023-04-04 |title=Finland joins NATO in the alliance's fastest-ever accession process |url=https://www.euronews.com/2023/04/04/finland-joins-nato-in-the-alliances-fastest-ever-accession-process |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230404135547/https://www.euronews.com/2023/04/04/finland-joins-nato-in-the-alliances-fastest-ever-accession-process |archive-date=4 April 2023 |access-date=2023-04-04 |website=[[Euronews]] }}</ref><ref>{{Cite press release |title=Sweden officially joins NATO |date=7 March 2024 |url=https://www.nato.int/cps/en/natohq/news_223446.htm?selectedLocale=en |access-date=7 March 2024 |archive-date=7 March 2024 |publisher=NATO |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240307165659/https://www.nato.int/cps/en/natohq/news_223446.htm?selectedLocale=en |url-status=live}}</ref>
|-
| [[Coronation of Charles III and Camilla]]
| {{flag|United Kingdom}}
| 6 May 2023
|The [[coronation]] of [[Charles III]] and his wife, [[Queen Camilla|Camilla]], as [[Monarchy of the United Kingdom|king]] and [[List of British royal consorts|queen of the United Kingdom]] and the other [[Commonwealth realm]]s, took place on 6 May. Charles III acceded to the throne on 8 September 2022, following the death of his mother, Elizabeth II. This was the first [[Coronation of the British monarch|coronation of a British monarch]] since Elizabeth II was crowned 70 years earlier in [[Coronation of Elizabeth II|1953]].
|<ref>{{Cite news |date=21 April 2023 |title=King Charles: Your essential guide to the Coronation weekend |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/uk-65254834 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230505174904/https://www.bbc.com/news/uk-65254834 |archive-date=5 May 2023 |access-date=5 May 2023 |work=BBC News}}</ref>
|-
|[[2023 Polish parliamentary election]]
|{{flag|Poland}}
|15 October 2023
||The [[United Right (Poland)|United Right]] secured the highest number of seats in the election, but failed to achieve a majority in the [[Sejm]]. Meanwhile, the opposition, headed by [[Donald Tusk]], successfully garnered a parliamentary majority. This represents a shift in the Sejm's majority for the first time in eight years in Poland.
|<ref>{{cite web |author=Easton, Adam |date=10 November 2023 |title=Poland's Tusk-led pro-EU opposition signs deal and waits to govern |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-europe-67381267.amp |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231110171740/https://www.bbc.com/news/world-europe-67381267.amp |archive-date=10 November 2023 |access-date=10 November 2023 |work=[[BBC]]}}</ref>
|-
|[[2023–2024 French government crisis|2023–2024 French government]] and [[2024-2025 French political crisis|political crises]] 
|{{flag|France}}
|11 December 2023 – present
|In December 2023, the [[Borne government]] faced a governability and credibility crisis. It was caused mainly by the difficult passage of the 2023 immigration and asylum bill, resulted the short-lived [[Attal government]] formed for eight months. The [[2024 French legislative election]] organized and held in June 2024, which resulted in a hung parliament with the left-wing [[New Popular Front]] (NFP) leading a plurality of seats but it was dismissed, the [[Barnier government]] formed three months later consists of [[Ensemble (political coalition)|Ensemble]] and [[The Republicans (France)|The Republicans]] until its motion of no-confidence and the appointment of the [[Bayrou government]] occurred in December 2024.
|<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.politico.eu/article/emmanuel-macron-gerald-darmanin-immigration-bill-defeat/ |title='End of reign': Macron faces ungovernable France after shock immigration loss |newspaper=Politico |date=12 December 2023 |language=en |access-date=23 November 2024 |archive-date=13 December 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231213121049/https://www.politico.eu/article/emmanuel-macron-gerald-darmanin-immigration-bill-defeat/ |url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.politico.eu/article/macron-french-reshuffle-gabriel-attal-prime-minister/ |title=Macron appoints rising star as PM, leaves presidential hopefuls stunned |newspaper=Politico |date=9 January 2024 |language=en |access-date=23 November 2024 |archive-date=10 January 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240110123815/https://www.politico.eu/article/macron-french-reshuffle-gabriel-attal-prime-minister/ |url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Tidey |first=Alice |date=9 June 2024 |title=French President Macron dissolves parliament, calls snap elections |url=https://www.euronews.com/my-europe/2024/06/09/french-president-emmanuel-macron-announces-anticipated-elections-after-stinging-eu-electio |access-date=9 June 2024 |website=euronews |language=en |archive-date=9 June 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240609194328/https://www.euronews.com/my-europe/2024/06/09/french-president-emmanuel-macron-announces-anticipated-elections-after-stinging-eu-electio |url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |date=1 October 2024 |title=5 things to watch for in French PM Barnier's first parliamentary address |url=https://www.politico.eu/article/michel-barnier-big-day-lawmakers-speech-france-coalition-government-debt-tax-rate-migration-labor/ |access-date=1 October 2024 |newspaper=Politico |language=en-GB |archive-date=1 October 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241001042033/https://www.politico.eu/article/michel-barnier-big-day-lawmakers-speech-france-coalition-government-debt-tax-rate-migration-labor/ |url-status=live}}</ref>
|-
|[[Abdication of Margrethe II]] and accession of [[Frederik X]]
|{{flag|Denmark}}
|14 January 2024
|In the first voluntary abdication of a [[Danish monarch]] since that of [[Eric III of Denmark|King Eric III]] in 1146, [[Margrethe II|Queen Margrethe II]] abdicated the throne and was succeeded by her elder son, [[Frederik X|King Frederik X]], bringing an end to her 52-year reign.
|<ref name="CNNAbdication">{{Cite news |title=Denmark's King Frederik X takes the throne after abdication of Queen |url=https://www.cnn.com/2024/01/14/europe/denmark-royals-frederik-mary-proclamation-king-queen-intl/index.html |publisher=CNN |access-date=29 July 2024 |archive-date=16 January 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240116094607/https://www.cnn.com/2024/01/14/europe/denmark-royals-frederik-mary-proclamation-king-queen-intl/index.html |url-status=live}}</ref>
|-
|[[2024 European Parliament election]]
|{{flag|European Union}}
|6–9 June 2024
||[[European People's Party]] led by [[President of the European Commission]] [[Ursula von der Leyen]] win the most seats in the European Parliament. 
|<ref name="re-election">{{Cite web |date=18 July 2024 |title=Parliament re-elects Ursula von der Leyen as Commission President |url=https://www.europarl.europa.eu/news/en/press-room/20240710IPR22812/parliament-re-elects-ursula-von-der-leyen-as-commission-president |access-date=18 July 2024 |website=European Parliament |archive-date=10 November 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241110000739/https://www.europarl.europa.eu/news/en/press-room/20240710IPR22812/parliament-re-elects-ursula-von-der-leyen-as-commission-president |url-status=live}}</ref>
|-
|[[2024 German government crisis]] and [[2025 German federal election|2025 federal election]]
|{{flag|Germany}}
|6 November 2024 – 23 February 2025
|[[Chancellor of Germany]] [[Olaf Scholz]] announced the dismissal of the then-[[Finance Minister of Germany|finance minister]] [[Christian Lindner]], and leader of the [[Free Democratic Party (Germany)|Free Democratic Party]] (FDP), from [[Scholz cabinet|his cabinet]] due to the ongoing [[German economic crisis (2022–present)|economic crisis]]. The government crisis led to a [[2025 German federal election|snap election]] being called for February 2025. The conservative [[CDU/CSU]] alliance became the largest bloc in the Bundestag with 28.5% of votes, the far-right [[Alternative for Germany]] (AfD) achieved its best result in any German election with 20.8%, and the governing centre-left [[Social Democratic Party of Germany|Social Democratic Party]] (SPD) and [[Alliance 90/The Greens|The Greens]] lost over nine [[percentage points]] and suffered its worst result since [[1887 German federal election|1887]] with just 16.4%, also declined from 15% to 12%.
|<ref>{{Cite web |title=Kanzler Scholz entlässt Finanzminister Lindner |trans-title=Chancellor Scholz dismisses Finance Minister Lindner |url=https://www.tagesschau.de/inland/innenpolitik/eilmeldung-ampelregierung-scholz-entlaesst-lindner-100.html |access-date=6 November 2024 |website=[[Tagesschau (German TV programme)|Tagesschau]] |language=de}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |trans-title=How New Elections Could Occur |title=Wie es zu Neuwahlen kommen könnte |url=https://www.tagesschau.de/inland/innenpolitik/ampelkoalition-neuwahlen-100.html |access-date=6 November 2024 |website=[[Tagesschau (German TV programme)|Tagesschau]] |language=de |archive-date=6 November 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241106205347/https://www.tagesschau.de/inland/innenpolitik/ampelkoalition-neuwahlen-100.html |url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2025/feb/24/germany-election-far-right-surge-friedrich-merz-warning|title=Germany election: Merz says it's 'five to midnight' for Europe|date=25 February 2025|website=[[The Guardian]]}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2025/2/24/german-election-who-won-who-lost-and-whats-next|title=German election: Who won, who lost and what's next?|date=24 February 2025|website=[[Al Jazeera]]}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.dw.com/en/german-election-merzs-cdu-wins-election-afd-second/live-71700729|title=German election: Merz's CDU wins election, AfD second|date=23 February 2025|website=[[Deutsche Welle]]}}</ref>
|-
|[[2024 Romanian presidential election|2024]] and [[2025 Romanian presidential election]]s
|{{flag|Romania}}
|24 November 2024 – 18 May 2025
|A series of two presidential elections held in Romania, began with the annulation of the first election following the result of the first round was a surprise, with controversial independent [[Romanian nationalism|nationalist]] candidate [[Călin Georgescu]] achieving a [[relative majority]] of votes. The second election began in February 2025, with the arrest and rejection of Georgescu as the candidate after [[Ilie Bolojan]] became acting president for three months until the election. [[Nicusor Dan]] won the election over [[George Simion]].
|<ref>{{Cite news |last=Madalin Necsutu and Anthony Faiola |date=6 December 2024 |title=Romanian court annuls presidential vote after Russian interference claims |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/world/2024/12/06/romania-court-annuls-presidential-election/ |newspaper=The Washington Post|access-date=8 December 2024}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Tanno |first=Sophie |date=6 December 2024 |title=Romania's top court annuls presidential election result |url=https://edition.cnn.com/2024/12/06/europe/romania-annuls-presidential-election-intl/index.html |access-date=6 December 2024 |website=CNN |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=12 February 2025 |title=Romania's Iohannis steps down, leaving caretaker president in charge until election rerun in spring |url=https://apnews.com/article/romania-president-europe-eu-klaus-iohannis-elections-a42440317c1ac55926789f4664656f60 |access-date=12 February 2025 |website=AP News|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250212112811/https://apnews.com/article/romania-president-europe-eu-klaus-iohannis-elections-a42440317c1ac55926789f4664656f60|archive-date=12 February 2025|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=28 February 2025 |url=https://www.dw.com/en/romania-the-controversy-over-far-right-politician-calin-georgescu/a-71790360 |title=Controversy over far-right Romanian politician Georgescu |access-date=26 February 2025 |website=Deutsche Welle |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250309120605/https://www.dw.com/en/romania-the-controversy-over-far-right-politician-calin-georgescu/a-71790360 |archive-date=9 March 2025|url-status=live}}</ref>
|-
|[[2025 London Summit on Ukraine]]
|{{flag|United Kingdom}}
|2 March 2025
|A meeting of international leaders in [[London]] on 2 March 2025, called by British [[Prime Minister of United Kingdom|Prime Minister]]{{nbsp}}[[Keir Starmer]] to draft a [[Peace negotiations in the Russian invasion of Ukraine|peace plan]] for the [[Russian invasion of Ukraine]] to take to the United States. The summit followed the [[2025 Trump–Zelenskyy meeting|meeting]] of [[President of Ukraine|Ukrainian President]] [[Volodymyr Zelenskyy]] at the [[White House]] in [[Washington, D.C.|Washington]] on 28 February 2025 with [[President of the United States|President]] [[Donald Trump]] and [[Vice President of the United States|Vice President]] [[JD Vance]].
|<ref >{{cite news |title=UK's Starmer calls on Europe to step up to secure Ukraine peace |first1=Elizabeth |last1=Piper |first2=Kate |last2=Holton |first3=Andrew |last3=Macaskill |date=2 March 2025 |publisher=Reuters |url=https://www.reuters.com/world/europe/uks-starmer-tries-revive-hope-ukraine-peace-summit-2025-03-01/ |access-date=2 March 2025 }}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last=Baker |first=Peter |date=28 February 2025|title=Tempers flare before Zelensky abruptly departs the White House without signing a minerals deal |url=https://www.nytimes.com/live/2025/02/28/us/trump-news/trump-zelensky-ukraine-russia-putin?smid=url-share |url-access=subscription |access-date=1 March 2025|work=New York Times|issn=0362-4331}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|date=2025-03-02 |title=Starmer: Coalition of willing to guarantee Ukraine peace |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/articles/c9vygkzkkrvo |access-date=2025-03-02 |website=bbc.com}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|title=UK to defend Ukraine peace deal with 'coalition of willing', Starmer says |url=https://news.sky.com/story/uk-to-defend-ukraine-peace-deal-with-coalition-of-willing-starmer-says-13320159 |access-date=2025-03-02 |website=Sky News}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|title=Starmer and Macron to work on Ukraine peace as leaders meet for London summit |url=https://www.politico.eu/article/france-and-u-k-to-step-in-to-heal-trump-zelenskyy-rift/ |access-date=2025-03-02 |website=Politico}}</ref>
|-
|[[Death and funeral of Pope Francis]] and the [[2025 papal conclave]]
|{{flag|Vatican City}}
|21 April – 8 May 2025
|[[Pope Francis]] died at the age of 88 in his residence in [[Domus Sanctae Marthae]] after 12 years of papacy, it was marked the 20th anniversary of [[death and funeral of Pope John Paul II]]. His death triggers a [[Sede vacante|papal interregnum]] and a nine-day period of mourning and the pope's funeral, by tradition, takes place within four to six days of the pope's death; it was be buried at [[Santa Maria Maggiore]] in [[Rome]]. His successor [[Pope Leo XIV]] was elected as a pope in the [[2025 papal conclave]] two weeks later, he the first pope from North America, a dual citizenship, and the second pope from the Americas.
|<ref>{{cite news|title=Pope Francis has died, Vatican says in video statement |url=https://www.reuters.com/world/pope-francis-has-died-vatican-says-video-statement-2025-04-21 |website=Reuters |access-date=21 April 2025 |first=Joshua |last=McElwee|date=21 April 2025}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.vaticannews.va/en/pope/news/2025-04/pope-francis-dies-on-easter-monday-aged-88.html|title=Pope Francis has died on Easter Monday at age of 88|date=21 April 2025|publisher=[[Vatican News]]|accessdate=21 April 2025|first=Devin |last=Watkins}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|date=21 April 2025 |title=Pope Francis dies at age 88 |url=https://www.nbcnews.com/news/world/pope-francis-dies-rcna192559 |access-date=21 April 2025 |website=NBC News |first=Astha |last=Rajvanshi}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |title=Pope Francis, first Latin American pontiff who ministered with a charming, humble style, dies at 88 |author=Nicole Winfield |url=https://apnews.com/article/vatican-pope-francis-dead-01ca7d73c3c48d25fd1504ba076e2e2a |access-date=21 April 2025 |work=AP News |date=21 April 2025}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last1=Rich |first1=Motoko |last2=Dias |first2=Elizabeth |last3=Horowitz |first3=Jason |date=May 8, 2025 |title=Pope Leo XIV, the First American Pontiff, Took a Global Route to the Top Post |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2025/05/08/world/europe/pope-leo-xiv-robert-francis-prevost.html |access-date=May 9, 2025 |work=The New York Times |issn=0362-4331}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last=McElwee |first=Joshua |date=May 8, 2025 |title=Prevost, first U.S. pope, supported Francis and shunned spotlight |url=https://www.reuters.com/world/prevost-first-us-pope-supported-francis-shunned-spotlight-2025-05-08/ |access-date=May 8, 2025 |work=[[Reuters]]}}</ref>
|}
<gallery class="center" widths="185px" heights="125px" perrow="4" align="center">
File:Suomen ja Ruotsin suurlähettiläät jättävät kiinnostuksenosoituksensa Natoon liittymisestä - 52082038874.jpg|Finnish and Swedish ambassadors submit their applications to join [[NATO]] to then-secretary general [[Jens Stoltenberg]].

File:20220908-Buckingham Palace Elizabeth II death reactions (07).jpg|Crowds at [[Buckingham Palace]] following the [[death and state funeral of Elizabeth II]], shortly after the [[Platinum Jubilee of Elizabeth II|Platinum Jubilee]] celebration which marked the 70th anniversary of her accession.

File:Ratzinger funeral (09).jpg|Crowds at [[St. Peter's Square]] following the [[death and funeral of Pope Benedict XVI]].

File:Waving from Buckingham Palace Balcony (52877352018) (cropped).jpg|[[King Charles III]] and [[Queen Camilla]] on the balcony of Buckingham Palace following their [[Coronation of Charles III and Camilla|coronation]] in 2023.

File:Securing Our Future (EC pic) 2025-03-02-15-13.jpg|NATO leaders and participants at the [[2025 London Summit on Ukraine]].

File:Procesija, pok. papa Franjo (5).jpg|Crowds at [[Domus Sanctae Marthae]] following the [[death and funeral of Pope Francis]] after 12 years of papacy, marked the 20th anniversary of [[death and funeral of Pope John Paul II]] in 2005.
</gallery>

====Oceania====
{{Further|Category:2020s in Oceania}}

{| class="wikitable mw-collapsible sortable"
|-
! style="width:130px;"| Event
! style="width:60px;" | Country
! style="width:100px;"| Date
! Description
! References
|-
|[[2021 Samoan constitutional crisis]]
|{{flag|Samoa}}
|22 May – 23 July 2021
|Following [[2021 Samoan general election|a general election]], the results were in stasis while incumbent prime minister [[Tuilaʻepa Saʻilele Malielegaoi|Tuila'epa Sa'ilele Malielegaoi]] refused to step down. The [[Supreme Court of Samoa]] decided the matter, and the [[Faʻatuatua i le Atua Samoa ua Tasi|FAST party]] and its leader [[Fiamē Naomi Mataʻafa]] was declared the winner.
|<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.rnz.co.nz/news/what-you-need-to-know/443472/samoa-election-crisis-what-you-need-to-know |title=Samoa election crisis: What you need to know |first=Russel |last=Palmer |publisher=[[RNZ]] |date=27 May 2021 |access-date=29 May 2021 |archive-date=30 May 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210530013925/https://www.rnz.co.nz/news/what-you-need-to-know/443472/samoa-election-crisis-what-you-need-to-know |url-status=live}}</ref>
|-
|[[2021 Solomon Islands unrest]]
|{{flag|Solomon Islands}}
|24–27 November 2021
|A period of unrest began due to a variety of factors, notably the government's response to the COVID-19 pandemic as well as the decision to retract [[Foreign relations of Taiwan#Types of relations|diplomatic recognition]] of [[Taiwan]] and instead recognize [[China]].
|<ref>{{cite news |title=Australia sends police and troops to Honiara as violent protests continue in Solomon Islands |newspaper=The Guardian |date=25 November 2021 |url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2021/nov/25/honiaras-chinatown-targeted-as-violent-protests-break-out-for-second-day-in-solomon-islands |access-date=25 November 2021 |archive-date=8 January 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220108191638/https://www.theguardian.com/world/2021/nov/25/honiaras-chinatown-targeted-as-violent-protests-break-out-for-second-day-in-solomon-islands |url-status=live}}</ref>
|-
|[[2022 Kiribati constitutional crisis]]
|{{flag|Kiribati}}
|May – October 2022
|A crisis began when [[Judiciary of Kiribati|High Court Judge]] [[David Lambourne]] was suspended in May 2022 and Chief Justice [[Bill Hastings (judge)|Bill Hastings]] was suspended on 30 June 2022, both over allegations of misconduct. In October 2022, the [[President of Kiribati|President]] [[Taneti Maamau]] appointed Attorney General Tetiro Semilota as Acting Chief Justice.
|<ref>{{Cite news |date= |title=Kiribati suspends all remaining senior judges after row over Australian justice's deportation |work=ABC News |url=https://www.abc.net.au/news/2022-09-05/kiribati-suspends-court-of-appeal-judges/101407060 |access-date=6 September 2022 |archive-date=2022-09-06 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220906003705/https://www.abc.net.au/news/2022-09-05/kiribati-suspends-court-of-appeal-judges/101407060 |url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=1 July 2022 |title=Kiribati faces constitutional crisis after government suspends both high court justices |url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2022/jul/01/kiribati-faces-constitutional-crisis-after-government-suspends-both-high-court-justices |access-date=12 August 2022 |newspaper=The Guardian |archive-date=12 August 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220812140947/https://www.theguardian.com/world/2022/jul/01/kiribati-faces-constitutional-crisis-after-government-suspends-both-high-court-justices |url-status=live}}</ref>
|-
|[[2022 Fijian general election]]
|{{flag|Fiji}}
|14 December 2022
|16-year incumbent [[Prime Minister of Fiji|prime minister]] [[Frank Bainimarama]] of the [[FijiFirst]] party was unable to form a government after winning a plurality of seats. Former prime minister and leader of the [[1987 Fijian coups d'état|1987 military coups]] [[Sitiveni Rabuka]] of the newly established [[People's Alliance (Fiji)|People's Alliance]] returned to the position.
|<ref>{{Cite news |date=24 December 2022 |title=Sitiveni Rabuka is Fiji's new prime minister |work=Radio New Zealand |url=https://www.rnz.co.nz/international/pacific-news/481392/sitiveni-rabuka-is-fiji-s-new-prime-minister |access-date=13 April 2023 |archive-date=2022-12-24 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221224070042/https://www.rnz.co.nz/international/pacific-news/481392/sitiveni-rabuka-is-fiji-s-new-prime-minister |url-status=live}}</ref>
|}

===World leaders===
{{Main|List of state leaders in the 2020s}}