Editing 1986 (section)

==Events==
===January===
* [[January 1]]
** [[Aruba]] gains increased autonomy from the Netherlands by separating from the [[Netherlands Antilles]].
** [[Spain]] and [[Portugal]] enter the [[European Community]], which becomes the [[European Union]] in 1993.
* [[January 11]] – The [[Sir Leo Hielscher Bridges|Gateway Bridge]] in [[Brisbane]], Australia, at this time the world's longest [[prestressed concrete]] free-[[cantilever bridge]], is opened.
* [[January 13]]–[[January 24|24]] – [[South Yemen Civil War]].
* [[January 20]] – The United Kingdom and France announce plans to construct the [[Channel Tunnel]].
* [[January 24]] – The [[Voyager 2]] space probe makes its first encounter with [[Uranus]].
* [[January 25]] – [[Yoweri Museveni]]'s National Resistance Army Rebel group takes over [[Uganda]] after leading a [[Ugandan Bush War|five-year guerrilla war]] in which up to half a million people are believed to have been killed. They will later use January 26 as the official date to avoid a coincidence of dates with Dictator [[Idi Amin]]'s [[1971]] coup.
* [[January 28]] – [[Space Shuttle Challenger disaster|Space Shuttle ''Challenger'' disaster]] – [[STS-51-L]]: [[Space Shuttle Challenger|Space Shuttle ''Challenger'']] disintegrates 73 seconds after launch from the United States, killing the crew of seven astronauts, including schoolteacher [[Christa McAuliffe]].<ref>{{Cite news |last=Broad |first=William J. |date=1996-01-28 |title=Challenger's Legacy;Risks Remain Despite NASA's Rebuilding |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1996/01/28/us/challenger-s-legacy-risks-remain-despite-nasa-s-rebuilding.html |access-date=2025-02-20 |work=The New York Times |language=en-US |issn=0362-4331}}</ref>
* [[January 29]] – [[Yoweri Museveni]] is sworn in as President of [[Uganda]].<ref>{{Cite news |last1=Rule |first1=Sheila |last2=Times |first2=Special To the New York |date=1986-01-30 |title=Rebel Sworn In as Uganda President |language=en-US |work=The New York Times |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1986/01/30/world/rebel-sworn-in-as-uganda-president.html |access-date=2021-05-26 |issn=0362-4331}}</ref>

===February===
* [[February 3]] – [[Pixar]] is founded by [[John Lasseter]] along with [[Steve Jobs]].
* [[February 7]]
** President [[Jean-Claude Duvalier]] ("Baby Doc") flees [[Haiti]], ending 28 years of family rule.<ref>{{cite book |author=David P. Forsythe |title=Encyclopedia of Human Rights |publisher=OUP USA |year=2009 |page=353 |isbn=9780195334029}}</ref>
** The [[1986 Philippine presidential election|snap presidential election in the Philippines]] earlier announced by President [[Ferdinand Marcos]] is held amidst controversy, that paves the way for a chain of protests, culminating in the [[People Power Revolution]].
* [[February 8]] – [[Hinton train collision]]: A [[Canadian National]] train heading westbound collides with a [[Via Rail]] train in [[Hinton, Alberta]]; 23 people are killed and 71 injured in the accident.
* [[February 9]] – [[Halley's Comet]] reaches its perihelion, the closest point to the Sun, during its second visit to the [[Solar System]] in the 20th century (the first was in [[1910]]).
* [[February 10]] – The Maxi Trial ([[Italian language|Italian]]: ''Maxiprocesso'') begins in the [[bunker]] room of the Ucciardone prison ([[Palermo]]). It will be the largest trial against the [[Sicilian Mafia]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=Maxiprocesso di Palermo – WikiMafia–- Libera Enciclopedia sulle Mafie |url=https://www.wikimafia.it/wiki/index.php?title=Maxiprocesso_di_Palermo |access-date=2020-12-29 |website=wikimafia.it}}</ref>
* [[February 11]] – Human rights activist [[Natan Sharansky]] is released by [[Soviet Union|Soviet]] authorities and leaves the country for [[Israel]].
* [[February 15]] – The [[Beechcraft Starship]] makes its [[maiden flight]].
* [[February 16]]
** The Soviet liner {{MS|Mikhail Lermontov}} sinks in the [[Marlborough Sounds]], New Zealand.
** [[Ouadi Doum air raid]]: The [[French Air Force]] raids the Libyan Ouadi Doum airbase in northern [[Chad]].
** [[Mário Soares]] wins the second round of the [[1986 Portuguese presidential election|Portuguese presidential election]].
* [[February 17]] – The [[Single European Act]] is signed.
* [[February 19]]
** The [[Soviet Union]] launches the ''[[Mir]]'' [[space station]].
** The [[United States Senate]] approves a treaty outlawing [[genocide]].
* [[February 22]] – The [[People Power Revolution]] begins in the [[Philippines]] to remove President [[Ferdinand Marcos]] from office.
* [[February 25]]
** The [[27th Congress of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union]] opens in Moscow. The General Secretary [[Mikhail Gorbachev]] introduces the keywords of his mandate to the audience: [[Glasnost]] and [[Perestroika]].
** [[People Power Revolution]]: President [[Ferdinand Marcos]] of the [[Philippines]] is ousted from power and goes into exile in Hawaii after 20 years of dictatorial rule; [[Corazon Aquino]] becomes the first Filipino woman president and forms an interim government with [[Salvador Laurel]] becoming her [[Vice President of the Philippines|Vice-president]] and [[Prime Minister of the Philippines|Prime Minister]].<ref>{{Cite journal |url=http://www.jstor.org/stable/42633078 |title=The "Yellow Revolution": Its Mixed Historical Legacy |author=Friend, Theodore |year=1988 |journal=Philippine Studies |volume=36 |issue=2 |pages=166–182 |jstor=42633078}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.chanrobles.com/cralaw/1988aprildecisions.php?id=330 |title=G.R. No. L-82380 April 29, 1988 – Ayer Productions Pty. Ltd., et al. v. Ignacio M. Capulong, et al. : April 1988 – Philippine Supreme Court Decisions |website=www.chanrobles.com}}</ref>
** A three-day riot begins in [[Cairo]], [[Egypt]] when around 25,000 conscripts of the [[Central Security Forces]] (CSF), staged protests in and around the city. Three luxury hotels, several nightclubs, restaurants and cars were looted and burned in the tourist districts near the Pyramids over several days.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.chicagotribune.com/news/ct-xpm-1986-02-27-8601150421-story.html |title=Cairo Calm After Riot Leaves 25 Dead |work=[[Chicago Tribune]] |date=February 27, 1986}}</ref> The riot became known as the [[1986 Egyptian conscripts riot|Egyptian Conscripts Riot]]. At least 25 people died during the first day in Cairo, and an estimated 8,000 people, mostly conscripts in regions outside the city, were killed in total.
* [[February 27]] – The [[United States Senate]] allows its debates to be televised on a trial basis.
* [[February 28]] – [[Prime Minister of Sweden|Swedish Prime Minister]] [[Olof Palme]] is [[Assassination of Olof Palme|shot to death]] on his way home from the cinema in [[Stockholm]], [[Sweden]].<ref>{{Cite news |last=Henley |first=Jon |last2= |first2= |date=2020-06-10 |title=Swedish prosecutors close Olof Palme murder inquiry after 34 years |url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2020/jun/10/olof-palme-murder-swedish-prosecutors-reveal-conclusions |access-date=2025-02-20 |work=The Guardian |language=en-GB |issn=0261-3077}}</ref>

===March===
* [[March 1]] – [[Olof Palme]]'s deputy [[Ingvar Carlsson]] becomes acting Prime Minister of Sweden. He is elected Prime Minister by the Swedish Riksdag on March 15.
* [[March 3]] – The first paper is published describing the [[atomic force microscope]] invented the previous year by Gerd Binnig, [[Calvin Quate]] and Christopher Berger.<ref>{{cite journal |author1=Binnig, G. |author2=Quate, C. F. |author3=Berger, Ch. |title=Atomic Force Microscope |journal=[[Physical Review Letters]] |volume=56 |issue=9 |pages=930–933 |date=March 3, 1986 |doi=10.1103/PhysRevLett.56.930 |pmid=10033323 |bibcode=1986PhRvL..56..930B |doi-access=free}}</ref>
* [[March 8]] – The Japanese [[Suisei (spacecraft)|Suisei probe]] flies by [[Halley's Comet]], studying its UV hydrogen corona and solar wind.
* [[March 9]] – [[United States Navy]] divers find the largely intact but heavily damaged crew compartment of the Space Shuttle ''[[Space Shuttle Challenger|Challenger]]''; the bodies of all seven [[astronaut]]s are still inside.
* [[March 13]]
** In a [[1986 Black Sea incident|Black Sea incident]], American [[cruiser]] [[USS Yorktown (CG-48)|USS ''Yorktown'']] and the [[destroyer]] [[USS Caron (DD-970)|USS ''Caron'']], claiming the right of [[innocent passage]], enter the Soviet [[territorial waters]] near the southern [[Crimean Peninsula]].
** [[Microsoft]] Corporation holds its [[initial public offering]] of stock shares.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Becraft |first=Michael B. |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=0hfHEAAAQBAJ&dq=Microsoft+ipo+march+13+1986&pg=PA52 |title=Bill Gates: A Biography |date=2014-08-26 |publisher=Bloomsbury Publishing USA |isbn=978-1-4408-3014-3 |language=en}}</ref>
* [[March 15]] – [[Collapse of Hotel New World|Hotel New World collapses]], 33 killed and 17 rescued from rubble.<ref>{{Cite news |last= |date=1986-04-27 |title=Singapore Honors Rescuers |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1986/04/27/world/singapore-honors-rescuers.html |access-date=2025-02-20 |work=The New York Times |language=en-US |issn=0362-4331}}</ref>
* [[March 24]] – The [[58th Academy Awards]] are held in [[Los Angeles]], with ''[[Out of Africa (film)|Out of Africa]]'' winning [[Academy Award for Best Picture|Best Picture]].
* [[March 26]] – An article in ''[[The New York Times]]'' charges that [[Kurt Waldheim]], former [[United Nations Secretary-General]] and candidate for president of Austria, may have been involved in [[Nazi]] war crimes during World War II.<ref>{{Cite news |last1=Sciolino |first1=Elaine |last2=Times |first2=Special To the New York |date=1986-03-26 |title=JEWISH GROUP OFFERS DOCUMENTS IT CONTENDS IMPLICATE WALDHEIM |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1986/03/26/world/jewish-group-offers-documents-it-contends-implicate-waldheim.html |access-date=2025-02-20 |work=The New York Times |language=en-US |issn=0362-4331}}</ref>
* [[March 27]] – [[Russell Street Bombing]]: A [[car bomb]] explodes at [[Russell Street Police Headquarters]] in [[Russell Street, Melbourne]], killing a woman constable, the first Australian policewoman to be killed in the line of duty.
* [[March 31]] – [[Mexicana Flight 940]] crashes near [[Maravatío]], Mexico, killing 167.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.planecrashinfo.com/Airline/AL%20M.htm |title=Airline/Operator "M" |work=PlaneCrashInfo |access-date=2013-03-15}}</ref>

===April===
* April – The government of [[Ivory Coast]] requests international diplomatic use of the French form of its name, ''Côte d'Ivoire''.
* [[April 1]] – [[Sector Kanda]]: [[Communist Party of Nepal (Mashal)]] cadres attack a number of police stations in [[Kathmandu]], seeking to incite a popular rebellion.
* [[April 2]] – A bomb [[TWA Flight 840 bombing|explodes]] on a [[Trans World Airlines]] flight from Rome to Athens, killing 4 people.
* [[April 5]] – [[1986 Berlin discotheque bombing]]: The [[West Berlin]] discothèque ''La Belle'', a known hangout for United States soldiers, is bombed, killing three and injuring 230; [[Libya]] is held responsible.
* [[April 11]] – The infamous [[1986 FBI Miami shootout|FBI shootout in Miami]] results in the death of two FBI agents and the wounding of five others.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2021-02-02 |title=Deadly FBI Shooting In Sunrise Rivals Infamous 'Miami Shootout' 35 Years Ago - CBS Miami |url=https://www.cbsnews.com/miami/news/deadly-fbi-shooting-sunrise-miami-shootout-35-years-ago-ben-grogan-jerry-dove/ |access-date=2025-02-20 |website=www.cbsnews.com |language=en-US}}</ref>
* [[April 13]]
** [[Pope John Paul II]] officially visits the [[Great Synagogue of Rome]], the first time a modern Pope has visited a synagogue.<ref>{{Cite magazine |last=Fabry |first=Merrill |date=2016-04-13 |title=What Happened the First Time a Pope Visited a Synagogue |url=https://time.com/4280602/pope-john-paul-synagogue-visit/ |access-date=2025-02-20 |magazine=TIME |language=en}}</ref>
** The first child born to a non-related [[surrogate mother]] is born.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://people.com/archive/and-baby-makes-four-for-the-first-time-a-surrogate-bears-a-child-genetically-not-her-own-vol-27-no-18/ |title=And Baby Makes Four: for the First Time a Surrogate Bears a Child Genetically Not Her Own |work=[[People (magazine)|People]]}}</ref>
* [[April 14]] – [[Hailstone]]s weighing {{convert|1|kg|lb}} fall on [[Gopalganj District, Bangladesh]], killing 92.
* [[April 15]] – [[Operation El Dorado Canyon]]: At least 15 people die after United States planes bomb targets in the Libyan capital, [[Tripoli, Libya|Tripoli]], and the [[Benghazi]] region.
* [[April 16]] – The United Kingdom and the Kingdom of the Netherlands sign a peace treaty, thus ending the [[Three Hundred and Thirty Five Years' War]], one of the longest wars in human history.
* [[April 17]]
** [[Lebanon hostage crisis]]: British journalist [[John McCarthy (journalist)|John McCarthy]] is kidnapped in Beirut (he is released in August [[1991]]) and three others are killed in retaliation for the bombing of Libya.
** The [[Hindawi affair]] begins when an Irish woman is found carrying explosives onto an [[El Al]] flight from London to [[Tel Aviv]].
** An alleged state of [[Three Hundred and Thirty Five Years' War|war lasting 335 years]] between the [[Netherlands]] and the [[Isles of Scilly]] declared peace, bringing an end to any hypothetical war that may have existed.<ref>{{Cite news |last= |date=1986-04-18 |title=Dutch Proclaim End of War Against Britain's Scilly Isles |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1986/04/18/world/dutch-proclaim-end-of-war-against-britain-s-scilly-isles.html |access-date=2025-02-20 |work=The New York Times |language=en-US |issn=0362-4331}}</ref>
* [[April 18]] – Titan 34D-9 [[Titan 34D#1986 failure, Titan 34D-9|explodes]] just after launch while carrying the final KH-9 satellite.<ref>{{Cite web |title=The Space Review: Death of a monster |url=https://www.thespacereview.com/article/1268/1 |access-date=2021-10-22 |website=www.thespacereview.com}}</ref>
* [[April 21]] – [[Lorimar-Telepictures]] launches as a mass media company.
* [[April 26]] – [[Chernobyl disaster]]: A mishandled safety test at the [[Chernobyl Nuclear Power Plant]] in [[Pripyat]], [[Ukrainian SSR]], [[Soviet Union]] "killed at least 4,056 people and damaged almost $7 billion of property".<ref name=bks /> Radioactive fallout from the accident is concentrated near [[Belarus]], [[Ukraine]] and [[Russia]] and at least 350,000 people are forcibly resettled away from these areas. After the accident, "traces of radioactive deposits unique to Chernobyl were in nearly every country in the northern hemisphere".<ref name=bks>{{cite journal |author-link=Benjamin K. Sovacool |first=Benjamin K. |last=Sovacool |title=The costs of failure: A preliminary assessment of major energy accidents, 1907–2007 |journal=[[Energy Policy (journal)|Energy Policy]] |volume=36 |year=2008 |issue=5 |page=1806 |doi=10.1016/j.enpol.2008.01.040 |bibcode=2008EnPol..36.1802S}}</ref>
* [[April 29]] – The [[Diamond Jubilee]] of [[Hirohito]] is held at the [[Ryōgoku Kokugikan|Kokugikan]] in Tokyo.

===May===
* [[May 2]] – [[Expo 86]], the 1986 World Exposition on Transportation and Communication, a [[World's fair]], opens in Vancouver, [[British Columbia]], Canada.
* [[May 8]] – [[Óscar Arias]] is inaugurated into his first term as [[List of Presidents of Costa Rica|President of Costa Rica]].
* [[May 12]] – [[NBC]] unveils its current [[Logo of NBC|peacock logo]] at the finale of its [[NBC 60th Anniversary Celebration|60th anniversary special]].
* [[May 16]]
** The [[Seville Statement on Violence]] is adopted by an international meeting of scientists, convened by the Spanish National Commission for [[UNESCO]], in [[Seville]], Spain.
** [[Paramount Pictures]] releases ''[[Top Gun]]''.
* [[May 23]] – [[Somali Democratic Republic|Somali]] President [[Siad Barre]] is injured in a car accident in [[Mogadishu]] and taken to [[Saudi Arabia]] for treatment. [[Somali Rebellion|Somali opposition]] groups see this as an opportunity to try to remove Barre, beginning the [[Somali Civil War]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=Somali President Mohammed Siad Barre, injured when his car... - UPI Archives |url=https://www.upi.com/Archives/1986/05/24/Somali-President-Mohammed-Siad-Barre-injured-when-his-car/4477517291200/ |access-date=2025-02-20 |website=UPI |language=en}}</ref>
* [[May 25]]
** ''[[Hands Across America]]'': At least 5,000,000 people form a human chain from New York City to [[Long Beach, California]], to raise money to fight hunger and homelessness.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Adams |first=Cydney |date=2016-05-25 |title=May 25, 1986: Millions participate in Hands Across America - CBS News |url=https://www.cbsnews.com/news/on-this-day-may-25-1986-hands-across-america/ |access-date=2025-02-20 |website=www.cbsnews.com |language=en-US}}</ref>
** The [[Bangladesh]]i double-decked ferry ''Shamia'' capsizes in the [[Meghna River]], southern [[Barisal City|Barisal]], [[Bangladesh]], killing more than 500 by some estimates.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Ap |date=1986-05-27 |title=BANGLADESH SHIP, 1,000 ABOARD, SINKS |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1986/05/27/world/bangladesh-ship-1000-aboard-sinks.html |access-date=2025-02-20 |work=The New York Times |language=en-US |issn=0362-4331}}</ref>
* [[May 27]]
** Islamic scholars [[Ismail al-Faruqi|Isma'il]] and [[Lois Lamya al-Faruqi|Lois Lamya]] al-Faruqi are [[Murder of the Faruqis|murdered in their home]] in [[Wyncote, Pennsylvania]], drawing attention due to their academic prominence and the brutality of the attack.

===June===
[[File:WEM Galaxyland MindBender Galaxy Orbitter.JPG|thumb|[[June 14]]: [[Mindbender (Galaxyland)|The Mindbender]] at [[Galaxyland]] inside [[West Edmonton Mall]] derails, kills three riders, injures one rider, and slams into a concrete post]]
* [[June]] – Construction of the [[Oosterscheldekering]], the world's largest openable [[storm surge]] [[flood barrier]], is completed in the Netherlands.
* [[June 4]] – [[Jonathan Pollard]] pleads guilty to [[espionage]] for selling top secret United States [[military intelligence]] to [[Israel]].
* [[June 8]] – Former [[United Nations Secretary-General]] [[Kurt Waldheim]] is elected president of Austria.
* [[June 9]] – The [[Rogers Commission]] releases its report on the [[Space Shuttle Challenger|Space Shuttle ''Challenger'']] disaster.
* [[June 12]] – [[South Africa]] declares a nationwide state of emergency.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Archives |first=L. A. Times |date=1986-06-12 |title=Botha Imposes Nationwide Emergency; U.S. Protests : Hundreds Seized in Roundup |url=https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-1986-06-12-mn-10542-story.html |access-date=2025-02-20 |website=Los Angeles Times |language=en-US}}</ref>
* [[June 14]] – [[Fantasyland (West Edmonton Mall)|Fantasyland]]'s [[Mindbender (Galaxyland)|Mindbender]] derails and kills three people.
* [[June 22]] – In one of the most famous [[FIFA World Cup]] matches, [[Argentina national football team|Argentinian football player]] [[Diego Maradona]] scores one handball goal (nicknamed the "Hand of God") and then dribbles past the entire [[England national football team|English football team]] to score a second goal (nicknamed "The Goal of the Century") with Argentina winning 2–1 against England.
* [[June 23]] – Eric Thomas develops [[LISTSERV]], the first email list management software.<ref>{{cite web |title=1986 |url=http://www.nic.funet.fi/index/FUNET/history/internet/en/1986.html |access-date=2013-01-25}}</ref>
* [[June 29]] – Argentina defeats West Germany 3–2 to win the [[1986 World Cup]] in [[Estadio Azteca]] in [[Mexico City]].

===July===
* [[July 2]] – [[Walt Disney Pictures]] releases the company's 26th animated film, ''[[The Great Mouse Detective]]''.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Culhane |first1=John |title='THE GREAT MOUSE DETECTIVE' GIVES CLUES TO THE FUTURE OF DISNEY ANIMATION |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1986/07/27/movies/the-great-mouse-detective-gives-clues-to-the-future-of-disney-animation.html |website=The New York Times |access-date=4 December 2021 |date=27 July 1986}}</ref>
* [[July 4]] – The [[Statue of Liberty]] is reopened to the public after celebrating its centennial and an extensive refurbishment.<ref>{{cite web |last1=McFadden |first1=Robert D. |title=A VERY SPECIAL DAY: MILLIONS WATCH FESTIVE HARBOR SALUTE TO LIBERTY; FIREWORKS FILL SKY |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1986/07/05/nyregion/very-special-day-millions-watch-festive-harbor-salute-liberty-fireworks-fill-sky.html |website=The New York Times |access-date=4 December 2021 |date=5 July 1986}}</ref>
* [[July 7]] – Australian drug smugglers Kevin Barlow and Brian Chambers are [[Barlow and Chambers execution|executed]] in Malaysia.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Agencies |first1=Peter Hiett and |title=Brian Chambers and Kevin Barlow executed in Malaysia |url=https://www.theguardian.com/theguardian/1986/jul/07/fromthearchive |website=the Guardian |access-date=4 December 2021 |language=en |date=7 July 1986}}</ref>
* [[July 11]] – The New Zealand [[Homosexual Law Reform Act 1986|Homosexual Law Reform Act]] decriminalizes consensual sex between men from the age of 16.<ref>{{cite web |title=Homosexual law reform in New Zealand |url=https://nzhistory.govt.nz/culture/homosexual-law-reform/homosexual-law-reform |website=nzhistory.govt.nz |access-date=4 December 2021 |language=en}}</ref>
* [[July 23]] – In London, [[Prince Andrew, Duke of York]] marries [[Sarah, Duchess of York|Sarah Ferguson]] at [[Westminster Abbey]].<ref>{{cite web |title=medal &#124; British Museum |url=https://www.britishmuseum.org/collection/object/C_2006-1101-382 |website=The British Museum |access-date=4 December 2021 |language=en}}</ref>

===August===
* [[August 6]]
** A low-pressure system moving from [[South Australia]] and redeveloping off the [[New South Wales]] coast dumps a record {{convert|328|mm|in|1}} of rain in a day on Sydney.
** [[Australian Democrats]] leader [[Don Chipp]] retires from federal parliament and is succeeded by [[Janine Haines]], the first woman to lead a political party in Australia.
* [[August 16]] – [[Typhoon Wayne (1986)|Typhoon Wayne]] formed over the [[South China Sea]], going on to become one of the longest-lived [[tropical cyclones]] at 21 days, and kill 490.<ref name="JMA">JMA. [http://www.jma.go.jp/jma/jma-eng/jma-center/rsmc-hp-pub-eg/Besttracks/bst8690.txt RSMC Best Track Data (Text): 1986-1990.] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090506223622/http://www.jma.go.jp/jma/jma-eng/jma-center/rsmc-hp-pub-eg/Besttracks/bst8690.txt |date=2009-05-06 }} Retrieved on 2009-02-07.</ref><ref name="JTWC3">JTWC(1987). [http://www.usno.navy.mil/NOOC/nmfc-ph/RSS/jtwc/atcr/1986atcr/pdf/chapter3.pdf Chapter 3: Northwest Pacific and North Indian Ocean Tropical Cyclones.] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110607014741/http://www.usno.navy.mil/NOOC/nmfc-ph/RSS/jtwc/atcr/1986atcr/pdf/chapter3.pdf |date=2011-06-07 }} [[United States Navy]]. Retrieved on 2007-12-19.</ref>
* [[August 19]] – Two weeks after it was stolen, the [[Picasso]] painting ''Weeping Woman'' is found in a locker at the Spencer Street Station in [[Melbourne]], Australia.
* [[August 20]] – In [[Edmond, Oklahoma]], [[United States Postal Service]] employee Patrick Sherrill [[Edmond post office shooting|guns down]] 14 of his coworkers before committing [[suicide]].
* [[August 21]] – The [[Lake Nyos disaster]], a [[limnic eruption]], occurs in [[Cameroon]], killing nearly 2,000 people.
* [[August 31]]
** The [[Soviet Union|Soviet]] passenger liner {{SS|Admiral Nakhimov}} collides with the bulk carrier ''Pyotr Vasev'' in the [[Black Sea]] and sinks almost immediately, killing 398.
** [[Aeroméxico Flight 498]], a [[McDonnell Douglas DC-9|Douglas DC-9]], collides with a [[Piper PA-28]] over [[Cerritos, California]], killing 82 (67 on both aircraft and 15 on the ground).
** The cargo ship ''[[Khian Sea waste disposal incident|Khian Sea]]'' departs from the docks of [[Philadelphia]], carrying 14,000 tons of toxic waste. It wanders the seas for the next 16 months trying to find a place to dump its cargo. The waste is later dumped in [[Haiti]].

===September===
{{No sources section|date=March 2021}}
* [[September 1]] – [[Jordan University of Science and Technology]] is established in Jordan.
* [[September 4]] – [[Eusko Alkartasuna]], the Basque Social Democratic Party, is created in [[Vitoria-Gasteiz]].
* [[September 5]] – [[Pan Am Flight 73]], with 358 people on board, is hijacked at [[Jinnah International Airport|Karachi International Airport]] by four [[Abu Nidal]] terrorists.
* [[September 6]]
** The [[Big Mac Index]] is introduced in ''[[The Economist]]'' newspaper as a semi-humorous international measure of [[purchasing power parity]].<ref>{{cite news |title=Big MacCurrencies |newspaper=[[The Economist]] |date=1998-04-09 |url=http://www.economist.com/finance/displaystory.cfm?story_id=E1_TVJRVJ |access-date=2007-07-24}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last1=Daley |first1=James |title=Burgernomics: Why the price of a Big Mac may hold the key to better investment returns |work=[[The Independent]] |date=2008-09-06 |url=https://www.independent.co.uk/money/invest-save/burgernomics-why-the-price-of-a-big-mac-may-hold-the-key-to-better-investment-returns-920726.html |archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20220501/https://www.independent.co.uk/money/invest-save/burgernomics-why-the-price-of-a-big-mac-may-hold-the-key-to-better-investment-returns-920726.html |archive-date=May 1, 2022 |url-access=subscription |url-status=live |access-date=2011-07-29}}{{cbignore}}</ref>
** In [[Istanbul]], two [[Abu Nidal]] terrorists kill 22 and wound 6 inside the [[Neve Shalom Synagogue]] during [[Shabbat]] services.
* [[September 7]]
** [[Desmond Tutu]] becomes the first black [[Anglican Communion|Anglican Church]] bishop in South Africa.
** [[Chile]]an dictator [[Augusto Pinochet]] survives [[Attempted assassination of Augusto Pinochet|an assassination attempt]] by the [[Manuel Rodríguez Patriotic Front|FPMR]];<ref>{{Cite news |title=El atentado a Pinochet en tres tiempos |url=https://www.latercera.com/noticia/el-atentado-a-pinochet-en-tres-tiempos/ |last1=Palma |first1=T. |date=2016-09-03 |access-date=2021-10-05 |work=[[La Tercera]] |last2=Bazán |first2=I. |language=Spanish |last3=Siredey |first3=F.}}</ref><ref name=Zalaquett2011>{{Cite journal |title=La frentista "Fabiola": un relato en reversa del atentado a Pinochet |journal=Revista Izquierdas |last=Zalaquett |first=Cherie |volume=9 |pages=1–30 |year=2011 |language=Spanish |trans-title="Fabiola": a reverse story on Pinochet attack}}</ref> 5 of Pinochet's bodyguards are killed.
* [[September 13]] – The 6.0 {{M|w|link=y}} [[1986 Kalamata earthquake|Kalamata earthquake]] shook southern Greece with a maximum Mercalli intensity of X (''Extreme''). The shock left at least 20 dead, 300 injured, and caused $5&nbsp;million in damage.
* [[September 28]] – The [[Democratic Progressive Party]] is founded. It was part of the [[Tangwai movement]] in the new generation to challenge [[Kuomintang]] in Taiwan's one-party politics, and is currently one of only two parties to win [[presidential elections in Taiwan]].

===October===
* [[October 1]] – U.S. President [[Ronald Reagan]] signs the [[Goldwater–Nichols Act]] into law, making official the largest reorganization of the [[United States Department of Defense]] since the [[United States Air Force|Air Force]] was made a separate branch of service in [[1947]].
* [[October 3]]
** [[TASCC]], a [[superconducting]] [[cyclotron]], officially opens at [[Chalk River Laboratories]].
** A [[Solar eclipse of October 3, 1986|hybrid solar eclipse]] was visible off the coast of Iceland, and was the 53rd solar eclipse of [[Solar Saros 124]].
* [[October 9]]
** United States District Court Judge [[Harry E. Claiborne]] becomes the fifth federal official to be removed from office through [[Federal impeachment in the United States|impeachment]].
** [[News Corporation (1980–2013)|News Corporation]] completes its acquisition of the [[Metromedia]] group of companies, thereby launching the [[Fox Broadcasting Company]].
** ''[[The Phantom of the Opera (1986 musical)|The Phantom of the Opera]]'', the longest running Broadway show in history, opens at [[Her Majesty's Theatre]] in London.
* [[October 10]] – The 5.7 {{M|w}} [[1986 San Salvador earthquake|San Salvador earthquake]] shook [[San Salvador]], [[El Salvador]] with a maximum [[Mercalli intensity scale|Mercalli intensity]] of IX (Violent). Up to 1,500 people were killed.
* [[October 11]]–[[October 12|12]] – [[Cold War]]: [[Ronald Reagan]] and Soviet leader [[Mikhail Gorbachev]] [[Reykjavík Summit|meet]] in [[Reykjavík]], [[Iceland]], to continue discussions about scaling back their intermediate [[missile]] arsenals in Europe, which end in failure.<ref>{{cite news |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/onthisday/hi/dates/stories/october/12/newsid_3732000/3732902.stm |title=BBC ON THIS DAY – 12 – 1986: Reykjavik summit ends in failure |date=October 12, 1986}}</ref>
* [[October 16]] – The [[International Olympic Committee]] chooses [[Albertville]], France to be the host city of the [[1992 Winter Olympics]] and [[Barcelona]], Spain to be the host city of the [[1992 Summer Olympics]]. The IOC also announces that the summer and winter games will separate with the winter games on every even, common year; and the summer games on every leap year starting from [[1992]].<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1986/10/18/sports/barcelona-gets-1992-summer-olympics.html?mcubz=0 |title=Barcelona gets 1992 Summer Olympics |work=[[The New York Times]] |access-date=September 18, 2017 |date=October 18, 1986 |first=Judith |last=Miller}}</ref>
* [[October 19]] – Mozambican President [[Samora Machel]]'s plane [[1986 Mozambican Tupolev Tu-134 crash|crashes]] in South Africa, killing him and 33 and others.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Leaders blame South Africa for Machel&#039;s death - UPI Archives |url=https://www.upi.com/Archives/1986/10/30/Leaders-blame-South-Africa-for-Machels-death/6493003001582/ |access-date=2025-02-20 |website=UPI |language=en}}</ref>
* [[October 21]] – The [[Marshall Islands]] became an [[associated state]] under the [[Compact of Free Association]].
* [[October 22]] – In New York City, [[WFAN (AM)|WNBC Radio]]'s traffic helicopter crashes into the [[Hudson River]], killing traffic reporter [[Jane Dornacker]]. The last words heard on-the-air are Dornacker's screams of terror, "Hit the water! Hit the water! Hit the water!"<ref>{{Cite news |last=Norman |first=Michael |date=1986-10-23 |title=TRAFFIC COPTER CRASH IN HUDSON KILLS REPORTER |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1986/10/23/nyregion/traffic-copter-crash-in-hudson-kills-reporter.html |access-date=2025-02-20 |work=The New York Times |language=en-US |issn=0362-4331}}</ref>
* [[October 25]] – A routine slow roller slips through [[Bill Buckner|Bill Buckner’s]] legs, allowing the [[New York Mets]] to complete a stunning comeback in Game 6 of the [[1986 World Series]] against the [[Boston Red Sox]]. The [[New York Mets|Mets]] won 6-5 in 10 innings.<ref>{{Cite web |title=MLB Gameday: Red Sox 5, Mets 6 Final Score (10/25/1986) |url=https://www.mlb.com/gameday/red-sox-vs-mets/1986/10/25/67878/final/wrap |access-date=2025-04-29 |website=MLB.com |language=en}}</ref>
* [[October 26]]
** [[Bus deregulation in Great Britain|Bus deregulation]] goes into effect in the United Kingdom, except Greater London and Northern Ireland.
** The state funeral of President [[Samora Machel]] of Mozambique takes place in [[Maputo]].
* [[October 27]] – The [[New York Mets]] win 4 games to 3 in the [[1986 World Series]] against the [[Boston Red Sox]].
* [[October 29]] – British [[Prime Minister of the United Kingdom|Prime Minister]] [[Margaret Thatcher]] officially opens the [[M25 motorway|M25 Motorway]], which encircles [[Greater London]], in a ceremony on the carriageway near [[Potters Bar]]. It became Europe's second longest [[orbital road]] upon completion, and provides the first and only full bypass of London.
* [[October 30]] – [[National Park Passport Stamps|The National Park Passport Stamps program]] begins in the [[United States]].

===November===
{{Unreferenced section|date=May 2021}}
* [[November 1]]
** Queensland, Australia: [[Joh Bjelke-Petersen]] wins his final election as [[Premier of Queensland]] with 38.6% of the vote. He resigns on December 1, 1987, following revelations of his involvement with corruption released in the [[Fitzgerald Inquiry]].
** [[Sandoz chemical spill]]: A major environmental disaster near [[Basel, Switzerland]] pollutes the Rhine, when an [[agrochemical]] storehouse catches on fire.
* [[November 3]]
** [[Iran–Contra affair]]: The [[Lebanon|Lebanese]] magazine ''[[Ash-Shiraa]]'' reports that the United States has been selling weapons to [[Iran]] in secret, in order to secure the release of 7 American hostages held by pro-Iranian groups in Lebanon.
** The [[Northern Mariana Islands]] enter in a political union with the United States. The island's government adopted its own constitution in 1977, and the constitutional government took office in January 1978. The covenant was fully implemented November 3, 1986, pursuant to Presidential Proclamation no. 5564, which conferred [[United States citizenship]] on legally qualified island residents.
* [[November 6]]
** 45 people are killed in the [[1986 British International Helicopters Chinook crash]].
** [[Alex Ferguson]] is appointed as the new manager of [[Manchester United]].
* [[November 18]] – [[Greater Manchester Police]] announce that they will search for the bodies of 2 missing children (who both vanished more than 20 years ago) after the [[Moors murders|Moors murderers]] [[Ian Brady]] and [[Myra Hindley]] confess to 2 more murders.
* [[November 21]] – [[Iran–Contra affair|Iran-Contra Affair]]: National Security Council member [[Oliver North]] and his secretary, [[Fawn Hall]], start shredding documents implicating them in selling weapons to [[Iran]] and channeling the proceeds to help fund the [[Contras|Contra]] rebels in [[Nicaragua]].

===December===
* [[December 4]] – The MV ''Amazon Venture'' oil tanker begins leaking oil while at the [[port of Savannah]] in the United States, resulting in [[Amazon Venture oil spill|an oil spill]] of approximately {{convert|500,000|gal|L}}.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Stringfield |first=Whitney J. |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=tUNtGe2mPR4C |title=National Water Summary 1987—Hydrologic Events and Water Supply and Use |publisher=[[United States Government Printing Office]] |others=[[United States Geological Survey]] |year=1990 |location=Washington, D.C. |pages=51–54 |language=en |chapter=Major Oil Spill on the Savannah River, Georgia and South Carolina, December 1986 |issn=0892-3469}}</ref>
* [[December 6]] – [[Johnny Hallyday]] released his 35th album [[Gang (album)|Gang]].
* [[December 7]] – A magnitude 5.7 earthquake destroys most of the [[Bulgaria]]n town of [[Strajica]], killing 2 people.
* [[December 14]] – [[Rutan Voyager]], an experimental [[aircraft]] designed by [[Burt Rutan]] and piloted by [[Dick Rutan]] and [[Jeana Yeager]], begins its flight around the world from [[Edwards Air Force Base]] in the United States.
* [[December 16]] – [[Jeltoqsan]], mass anti-government protests, break out across the [[Kazakh Soviet Socialist Republic|Kazakh SSR]], resulting in the massacre of over 165 protesters.
* [[December 19]] – Soviet dissident [[Andrei Sakharov]] is permitted to return to Moscow after six years of [[Exile|internal exile]].
* [[December 20]] – Three [[African American]]s are assaulted by a group of white teens in the [[Howard Beach, Queens|Howard Beach]] neighborhood of [[Queens]], New York. One of the victims, [[Michael Griffith (manslaughter victim)|Michael Griffith]], is run over and killed by a motorist while attempting to flee the attackers.
* [[December 23]] – [[Rutan Voyager]] completes the first nonstop circumnavigation of the earth by air without refueling in 9 days, 3 minutes and 44 seconds.
* [[December 31]]
** [[Dupont Plaza Hotel arson]]: A hotel fire in [[San Juan, Puerto Rico]], kills 97 and injures 140.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Archives |first=L. A. Times |date=1988-02-03 |title=3 Teamsters Charged With 97 Deaths in '86 Hotel Fire |url=https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-1988-02-03-mn-27261-story.html |access-date=2025-02-20 |website=Los Angeles Times |language=en-US}}</ref>
** [[Russian submarine Krasnoyarsk (K-173)|Soviet submarine ''Krasnoyarsk'' (K-173)]] is commissioned.

===Date unknown===
* Average per capita income in Japan exceeds that in the United States.
* The first commercially available [[3D printer]] is sold.<ref>{{cite book |last1=Greek |first1=Joe |title=Incredible Projects Using 3D Printing |date=15 December 2014 |publisher=The Rosen Publishing Group, Inc |isbn=978-1-4777-7947-7 |page=7 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=TpFhDwAAQBAJ&dq=3d+printer++1986&pg=PA7 |language=en}}</ref>
* Informal [[stock trading]] is done in [[Shenyang]], China; the first of its kind in [[China|Communist China]].<ref>{{cite book |title=China Stock Directory |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=kHdJn_LPHB8C&pg=PA7 |publisher=SinoMedia (Holdings) Co. Ltd. |isbn=978-988-98254-2-3 |page=7}}</ref>
* [[Opus Pro]], a Latvian hard rock group, is established.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.draugiem.lv/opuspro/news |title=/? p = 6732210 Opus Pro – Riga Four White Shirts |access-date=December 18, 2022}}</ref>
* The band Sweet Children (now known as [[Green Day]]) was formed by the lead singer, [[Billie Joe Armstrong]].
* The Province of [[Flevoland]] is established in the Netherlands.