Editing 1970 (section)

==Events==

===January===
{{Main|January 1970}}
* [[January 1]] – [[Unix time]] epoch reached at 00:00:00 [[UTC]].
* [[January 5]] – The 7.1 {{M|w|link=y}} [[1970 Tonghai earthquake|Tonghai earthquake]] shakes [[Tonghai County]], [[Yunnan]] province, China, with a maximum [[Mercalli intensity scale|Mercalli intensity]] of X (''Extreme''). Between 10,000 and 14,621 are killed and 30,000 injured.
* [[January 15]] – After a 32-month fight for independence from [[Nigeria]], [[Biafra]]n forces under [[Philip Effiong]] formally surrender to General [[Yakubu Gowon]], ending the [[Nigerian Civil War]].

===February===
{{Main|February 1970}}
[[File:Ohsumi.jpg|thumb|150px| [[February 11]]: [[Ohsumi (satellite)]] launched]]
* [[February 1]] – The [[Benavídez rail disaster]] near [[Buenos Aires]], Argentina (a rear-end collision) kills 236.
* [[February 10]] – An [[avalanche]] at [[Val-d'Isère]], France, kills 41 tourists.
* [[February 11]] – ''[[Ohsumi (satellite)|Ohsumi]]'', Japan's first satellite, is launched on a [[Lambda-4]] rocket.
* [[February 22]] – [[Guyana]] becomes a Republic within the [[Commonwealth of Nations]].
* February – Multi-[[business]] [[Conglomerate (company)|conglomerate]] [[Virgin Group]] is founded as a discount mail-order record retailer by [[Richard Branson]] in the UK.<ref>{{cite web |title=Virgin empire: from selling records to running trains and airline |url=https://www.theguardian.com/business/2012/aug/15/virgin-train-richard-branson |website=The Guardian |location=London |access-date=27 May 2021 |date=2012-08-15}}</ref>

===March===
{{Main|March 1970}}
* [[March 1]] – [[Rhodesia]]'s white minority government severs its last tie with the United Kingdom, declaring itself a [[republic]].
* [[March 4]] – All 57 men aboard the [[French submarine Eurydice (S644)|French submarine ''Eurydice'']] are killed when the vessel implodes while making a practice dive in the [[Mediterranean Sea]].<ref>{{cite book |last=Rawls |first=John |date=July 1970 |title=Sealift |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=FpczoesvrcwC |publisher=U.S. Military Sealift Command |page=3}}</ref>
* [[March 5]] – The [[Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty]] goes into effect, after ratification by 56 nations.
* [[March 6]] – [[Süleyman Demirel]] of [[Justice Party (Turkey)|AP]] forms the new government of [[Turkey]] (32nd government).
* [[March 12]] – [[Citroën]] introduces the [[Citroën SM]], the world's fastest front-wheel drive auto at this time, at the annual [[Geneva Auto Salon|Geneva Motor Show]] in [[Switzerland]].
* [[March 15]] – The [[Expo '70]] World's Fair opens in Suita, Osaka, Japan.
* [[March 16]] – The complete [[New English Bible]] is published in the UK.
* [[March 18]] – General [[Lon Nol]] ousts Prince [[Norodom Sihanouk]] of [[Cambodia]] and holds Queen [[Sisowath Kossamak]] under house arrest.
* [[March 19]] – [[Ostpolitik]]: The leaders of [[West Germany]] and [[East Germany]] meet at a summit for the first time since Germany's division into two republics. West German Chancellor [[Willy Brandt]] is greeted by cheering East German crowds as he arrives in [[Erfurt]] for a summit with his counterpart, East German ''Ministerpräsident'' [[Willi Stoph]].
* [[March 20]] – The ''[[Agence de Coopération Culturelle et Technique]]'' (ACCT) is founded.
* [[March 21]] – "[[All Kinds of Everything]]", sung by [[Dana Rosemary Scallon|Dana]] (music and lyrics by Derry Lindsay and Jackie Smith), wins the [[Eurovision Song Contest 1970]] (staged in Amsterdam) for Ireland.
* [[March 31]]
** [[NASA]]'s ''[[Explorer 1]]'', the first American [[satellite]] and [[Explorer program]] spacecraft, reenters [[Earth's atmosphere]] after 12 years in orbit.
** [[Japan Airlines Flight 351]], carrying 131 passengers and 7 crew from Tokyo to [[Fukuoka]], is hijacked by [[Japanese Red Army]] members. All passengers and crew are eventually freed.

===April===
{{Main|April 1970}}
* [[April 4]] – Fragments of burnt human remains believed to be those of [[Adolf Hitler]], [[Eva Braun]], [[Joseph Goebbels]], [[Magda Goebbels]] and the [[Goebbels children]] are crushed and scattered in the [[Biederitz]] river at a [[KGB]] center in [[Magdeburg]], [[East Germany]].
* [[April 8]]
** A huge gas explosion at a [[Subway (rail)|subway]] construction site in [[Osaka]], Japan, kills 79 and injures over 400.
** Israeli Air Force [[F-4 Phantom II]] fighter bombers kill 47 Egyptian school children at an elementary school in what is known as [[Bahr el-Baqar massacre]]. The single-floor school is hit by five bombs and two air-to-ground missiles.
* [[April 10]] – In a press release written in mock-interview style, that is included in promotional copies of [[McCartney (album)|his first solo album]], [[Paul McCartney]] announces that he [[Break-up of the Beatles|has left]] [[The Beatles]].<ref>{{cite book |first=Nicholas |last=Schaffner |title=The Beatles Forever |location=New York |publisher=Cameron House |year=1977 |page=135}}</ref>
* [[April 11]]
** An [[avalanche]] at a [[tuberculosis]] [[sanatorium]] in the [[French Alps]] kills 74, mostly young boys.
** [[Apollo program]]: [[Apollo 13]] ([[Jim Lovell]], [[Fred Haise]], [[Jack Swigert]]) is launched from the United States toward the [[Moon]].
* [[April 13]] – An oxygen tank in the [[Apollo 13]] spacecraft explodes, forcing the crew to abort the mission and return in four days.
* [[April 17]] – [[Apollo program]]: [[Apollo 13]] [[Splashdown|splashes down]] safely in the Pacific.[[File:Apollo 13 crew postmission onboard USS Iwo Jima.jpg|thumb|[[April 17]]: [[Apollo 13]] crew after [[splashdown]]]]
* [[April 21]] – The [[Principality of Hutt River]] "secedes" from [[Australia]] (it remains unrecognised by Australia and other nations).
* [[April 24]] – China's first satellite (''[[Dong Fang Hong 1]]'') is launched into orbit using a [[Long March (rocket family)|Long March]]-1 Rocket (CZ-1).
* [[April 26]] – The [[World Intellectual Property Organization]] (WIPO) is founded.

===May===
{{Main|May 1970}}
* [[May 4]] – [[Kent State shootings]]: Four students at [[Kent State University]] in [[Ohio]], are killed and nine wounded by [[Ohio National Guard]]smen at a protest against the [[Cambodian campaign|U.S. incursion]] into [[Cambodia]].
* [[May 6]]
** [[Arms Crisis]] in the [[Republic of Ireland]]: [[Charles Haughey]] and [[Neil Blaney]] are dismissed as members of the [[Irish Government]] for accusations of their involvement in a plot to import arms for use by the [[Provisional Irish Republican Army]] in [[Northern Ireland]].
** [[Feyenoord]] win the [[UEFA Champions League|European Cup]] in association football after a 2–1 win over [[Celtic F.C.|Celtic]].
*[[May 11]] – [[Lubbock tornado]]: A strong, multi-vortex F5 tornado impacts areas of [[Lubbock, Texas]], after dark, resulting in 26 fatalities and over 1,500 injuries.
* [[May 14]]
** [[Ulrike Meinhof]] helps [[Andreas Baader]] escape and create the [[Red Army Faction]] in [[West Germany]] which exists until [[1998]].
** [[Jackson State killings]]: In the second day of violent demonstrations at [[Jackson State University]] in [[Jackson, Mississippi]], state law enforcement officers fire into the demonstrators, killing 2 and injuring 12.
* [[May 17]] – [[Thor Heyerdahl]] sets sail from [[Morocco]] on the [[papyrus]] boat ''[[Ra II]]'', to cross the South Atlantic.
* [[May 26]] – The [[Soviet Union|Soviet]] [[Tupolev Tu-144]] becomes the first commercial transport to exceed [[speed of sound|Mach]] 2.
* [[May 31]]
** The 7.9 {{M|w|link=y}} [[1970 Ancash earthquake|Ancash earthquake]] shakes [[Peru]] with a maximum [[Mercalli intensity scale|Mercalli intensity]] of VIII (''Severe'') and a [[landslide]] buries the town of [[Yungay, Peru]]. Between 66,794 and 70,000 are killed and 50,000 injured.
** The [[1970 FIFA World Cup]] in association football is inaugurated in [[Mexico]].

===June===
{{Main|June 1970}}
* [[June 1]] – ''[[Soyuz 9]]'', a two-man spacecraft, is launched from the [[Soviet Union]] for an orbital flight of nearly 18 days, an endurance record at this time.
* [[June 4]] – [[Tonga]] gains independence from the United Kingdom.
* [[June 8]] – A [[Coup d'état|coup]] in [[Argentina]] brings a new [[military dictatorship|junta]] of service chiefs; on [[June 18]], [[Roberto M. Levingston]] becomes President.
* [[June 12]] – [[National Democratic Front for the Liberation of Oman and the Arabian Gulf]] guerrillas attack military garrisons at [[Izki]] and [[Nizwa]] in [[Oman]].
* [[June 19]] – The [[Patent Cooperation Treaty]] is signed into [[international law]], providing a unified procedure for filing [[patent application]]s to protect inventions.
* [[June 21]]
**[[Brazil national football team|Brazil]] defeats [[Italy national football team|Italy]] 4–1 to win the [[1970 FIFA World Cup]] in Mexico. As 3-times winner, they keep the [[Jules Rimet Trophy]] permanently.
**[[Penn Central]], America's largest railroad, files for chapter 77 [[bankruptcy]]; the largest U.S. corporate bankruptcy at the time.

===July===
{{Main|July 1970}}
* [[July 1]] – [[PARC (company)|Xerox PARC]] computer laboratory opens in [[Palo Alto, California]], United States.
* [[July 3]] 
** All 112 people on board [[Dan-Air Flight 1903]] are killed when the chartered British [[De Havilland Comet]] crashes into mountains north of [[Barcelona]] through navigational error.
**The French Army detonates a 914 kiloton thermonuclear device in the [[Mururoa Atoll]]. It is the fifth in a series that started on June 15 in their program to perfect a [[hydrogen bomb]] small enough to be delivered by a missile.
* [[July 5]] – [[Air Canada Flight 621]] crashes near [[Toronto Pearson International Airport|Toronto International Airport]], [[Toronto]], [[Ontario]] through pilot error; all 109 passengers and crew are killed.
* [[July 12]] – [[Thor Heyerdahl]]'s papyrus boat ''Ra II'' arrives in [[Barbados]].
* [[July 21]] – The [[Aswan Dam|Aswan High Dam]] in [[Egypt]] is completed.
* [[July 23]] – [[1970 Omani coup d'état]]: [[Said bin Taimur]], [[List of rulers of Oman|Sultan of Muscat]] and [[Oman]], is deposed in a bloodless palace [[Coup d'état|coup]] by his son, [[Qaboos bin Said al Said|Qaboos]] with covert British support. Among the reforms he introduces is the abolition of chattel [[slavery in Oman]].<ref>{{cite book |first=Suzanne |last=Miers |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=zZk9Y-HTQzcC&q=1926+Slavery+Convention |title=Slavery in the Twentieth Century: The Evolution of a Global Problem |date=2003 |pages=346–47 |publisher=Rowman Altamira |isbn=978-0-7591-0340-5}}</ref> 
* [[July 30]] – [[Thalidomide scandal]]: Damages totalling £485,528 are awarded to 28 [[Thalidomide]] victims in the UK.{{citation needed|date=September 2024}}

===August===
{{Main|August 1970}}
* [[August 11]] – Creation of the [[International Council of Organizations of Folklore Festivals and Folk Arts]] in [[Confolens]], [[France]].
* [[August 17]] – [[Venera program]]: ''[[Venera 7]]'' is launched from the Soviet Union toward [[Venus]]. It later becomes the first spacecraft to transmit data from the surface of another planet successfully.
* [[August 31]] – [[Solar eclipse of August 31, 1970]]: An annular solar eclipse is visible in Oceania, and is the 14th solar eclipse of [[Solar Saros 144]].

===September===
{{Main|September 1970}}
* [[September 1]] – An assassination attempt against King [[Hussein of Jordan]] precipitates the country's [[Black September]] crisis.
* [[September 3]]–[[September 6|6]] – [[Israel]]i forces [[Palestinian insurgency in South Lebanon|fight]] [[State of Palestine|Palestinian]] guerillas in southern [[Lebanon]].
* [[September 4]]
** [[Chile]]an [[Socialist Party of Chile|Socialist]] [[Senate of Chile|Senator]] [[Salvador Allende]] wins 36.2% of the vote in his [[1970 Chilean presidential election|run for presidency]] defeating former [[Right-wing politics|right-wing]] [[President of Chile|President]] [[Jorge Alessandri]] with 34.9% of the votes and [[Christian Democratic Party (Chile)|Christian Democrat]] [[Radomiro Tomic]] with 27.8% of the votes.
** Soviet Russian [[prima ballerina]] [[Natalia Makarova]] defects to the West while on tour with the [[Kirov Ballet]] in London.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/entertainment/theater_dance/ballerina-natalia-makarova-being-spontaneous-its-what-saved-me/2012/11/29/68f72692-32da-11e2-9cfa-e41bac906cc9_story.html |first=Sarah |last=Kaufman |title=Ballerina Natalia Makarova: 'Being Spontaneous its What Saved Me' |newspaper=The Washington Post |date=2012-11-30}}</ref>
* [[September 5]] – [[Vietnam War]]: [[Operation Jefferson Glenn]]: The [[101st Airborne Division|United States 101st Airborne Division]] and the [[South Vietnam]]ese 1st Infantry Division initiate a new operation in [[Huế|Thua Thien]] Province (the operation ends in October 1971).
* [[September 6]] – [[Dawson's Field hijackings]]: The [[Popular Front for the Liberation of Palestine]] hijacks four passenger aircraft from [[Pan Am]], [[TWA]] and [[Swissair]] on flights to [[New York City|New York]] from [[Brussels]], [[Frankfurt]] and [[Zurich]] and flies them to a desert airstrip in Jordan.
* [[September 7]] – Fighting breaks out between Arab guerillas and government forces in [[Amman]], [[Jordan]].
* [[September 8]]–[[September 10|10]] – The [[Jordan]]ian government and Palestinian guerillas make repeated unsuccessful truces.
* [[September 9]] – [[Guinea]] recognizes the [[German Democratic Republic]].
* [[September 10]] – [[Cambodia]]n government forces break the siege of Kompong Tho after three months.
* [[September 15]] – King [[Hussein of Jordan]] forms a military government with Muhammad Daoud as the prime minister.
* [[September 17]] – [[Black September]]: King [[Hussein of Jordan]] orders the [[Jordanian Armed Forces]] to oust [[Palestinian fedayeen]] from Jordan.
* [[September 18]] – [[Death of Jimi Hendrix]]: American rock musician [[Jimi Hendrix]] dies of an overdose, age 27, in London, two days after last playing in public.<ref name=Jimi>{{cite news |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/onthisday/hi/dates/stories/september/18/newsid_3528000/3528692.stm |title=1970: Rock legend Hendrix dies after party |access-date=2008-02-02 |date=1970-09-18 |work=On This Day |publisher=BBC |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080202144824/http://news.bbc.co.uk/onthisday/hi/dates/stories/september/18/newsid_3528000/3528692.stm |archive-date=2008-02-02 |url-status=live}}</ref>
* [[September 19]] – [[Kostas Georgakis]], a Greek student of geology, sets himself ablaze in Matteotti Square in Genoa, Italy, as a protest against the dictatorial [[Greek junta]] led by [[Georgios Papadopoulos]].
* [[September 20]]
** [[Syria]]n armored forces cross the [[Jordan]]ian border.
** ''[[Luna 16]]'' lands on the Moon and lifts off the next day with samples, landing back on Earth [[September 24]].
* [[September 21]] – [[State of Palestine|Palestinian]] armed forces reinforce guerillas in [[Irbidi]], [[Jordan]].
* [[September 22]]
** The [[International Hydrographic Organization]] (IHO) is founded.
** [[Tunku Abdul Rahman]] resigns as [[Prime Minister of Malaysia|prime minister of Malaysia]], and is succeeded by his [[Deputy Prime Minister of Malaysia|deputy]] [[Tun Abdul Razak]].
* [[September 27]]
** [[Richard Nixon]] begins a tour of [[Europe]], visiting [[Italy]], [[Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia|Yugoslavia]], [[Spain]], the [[United Kingdom]] and [[Republic of Ireland]].
** [[Pope Paul VI]] names Saint [[Teresa of Ávila]] (d. 1582) as the first female [[Doctor of the Church]].<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.catholicnewsagency.com/news/17359/first-female-doctor-of-the-church-to-be-honored-this-week |title=First female Doctor of the Church to be honored this week |website=Catholic News Agency |date=11 October 2009}}</ref>
* [[September 28]] – Vice President [[Anwar Sadat]] is named temporary [[president of Egypt]] following the death of [[Gamal Abdel Nasser]].
* [[September 29]] – In [[Berlin]], [[Red Army Faction]] members rob three banks, with loot totaling over [[Deutsche Mark|DM]] 200,000.

===October===
{{Main|October 1970}}
* [[October 2]] – The [[Wichita State University]] football team's "Gold" plane [[Wichita State University football team plane crash|crashes]] in [[Colorado]], killing most of the players. They were on their way (along with administrators and fans) to a game with [[Utah State University]].
* [[October 3]]
** In [[Lebanon]], the government of Prime Minister [[Rashid Karami]] resigns.
** The [[National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration]] (NOAA) is formed in the United States and the Weather Bureau is renamed to [[National Weather Service]] as part of NOAA.
** [[Pope Paul VI]] names Saint [[Catherine of Siena]] (d. 1380) as the second female [[Doctor of the Church]].
* [[October 4]]
** [[Jochen Rindt]] becomes [[Formula One]] [[List of Formula One World Drivers' Champions|World Driving Champion]], the first to earn the honor posthumously.
** In [[Bolivia]], Army Commander General [[Rogelio Miranda]] and a group of officers rebel and demand the resignation of President [[Alfredo Ovando Candía]], who dismisses him.
** American rock singer [[Janis Joplin]] is found dead of an overdose, age 27, in her hotel room in Hollywood.
* [[October 5]] – The [[Front de libération du Québec]] (FLQ) kidnaps British trade commissioner [[James Cross]] in Montreal and demands release of all imprisoned FLQ members, beginning [[Quebec]]'s [[October Crisis]]. The next day the Canadian government announces that it will not meet the demand.
* [[October 6]] – Bolivian President [[Alfredo Ovando Candía]] resigns; General [[Rogelio Miranda]] takes over but resigns soon after.
* [[October 7]] – General [[Juan José Torres]] becomes the new [[President of Bolivia]].
* [[October 8]]
** The U.S. Foreign Office announces the renewal of arms sales to [[Pakistan]].
** [[Vietnam War]]: In Paris, a [[Communism|Communist]] delegation rejects U.S. President [[Richard Nixon]]'s peace proposal as "a maneuver to deceive world opinion."
* [[October 9]] – The [[Khmer Republic]] is proclaimed in [[Cambodia]], escalating the [[Cambodian Civil War]] between the government and the [[Khmer Rouge]].
* [[October 10]]
** [[Fiji]] becomes independent.
** [[October Crisis]]: In [[Montreal]], [[Quebec]] Minister of Labour [[Pierre Laporte]] becomes the second statesman kidnapped by members of the [[FLQ]] terrorist group.
* [[October 11]] – Eleven French soldiers are killed in a shootout with rebels in [[Chad]].
* [[October 12]] – [[Vietnam War]]: U.S. President [[Richard Nixon]] announces that the United States will withdraw 40,000 more troops before [[Christmas]].
* [[October 13]] – [[Saeb Salam]] forms a government in [[Lebanon]].
* [[October 14]] – A Chinese nuclear test is conducted in [[Lop Nor]].
* [[October 15]]
** A section of the new [[West Gate Bridge]] in [[Melbourne]] collapses into the river below, killing 35 construction workers.
** In [[Egypt]], a referendum supports [[Anwar Sadat]] 90.04%.
* [[October 16]] – [[October Crisis]]: The Canadian government declares a [[state of emergency]] and outlaws the [[Quebec Liberation Front]].
* [[October 17]]
** [[October Crisis]]: Quebec politician [[Pierre Laporte]] is found murdered by the FLQ in south Montreal.
** A [[cholera]] epidemic breaks out in [[Istanbul]].
** [[Anwar Sadat]] officially becomes President of Egypt.
* [[October 20]]
** The Soviet Union launches the ''[[Zond 8]]'' lunar probe.
** New Egyptian president Anwar Sadat names [[Mahmoud Fawzi]] as his prime minister.
* [[October 22]] – [[Chile]]an army commander [[René Schneider]] is shot in Santiago; the government declares a state of emergency. Schneider dies [[October 25]].
* [[October 24]] – [[Salvador Allende]] is elected [[President of Chile|President]] of [[Chile]] by a run-off vote in the [[National Congress of Chile|National Congress]]
* [[October 25]] – The wreck of the Confederate submarine ''[[H. L. Hunley (submarine)|Hunley]]'' is found off [[Charleston, South Carolina]], by 22-year-old pioneer [[underwater archaeologist]], [[Dr. E. Lee Spence]].<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.usnews.com/usnews/news/articles/070624/2hunley_2.htm |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070929133235/http://www.usnews.com/usnews/news/articles/070624/2hunley_2.htm |url-status=dead |title=Cover Story: Time Capsule From The Sea – ''U.S. News & World Report'', July 2–9, 2007 |archive-date=September 29, 2007}}</ref> ''Hunley'' is the first submarine in history to sink a ship in warfare.
* [[October 28]]
** In [[Jordan]], the government of [[Ahmad Toukan]] resigns; the next prime minister is [[Wasfi al-Tal]].
** A [[cholera]] outbreak in eastern Slovakia causes [[Hungary]] to close its border with [[Czechoslovakia]].
** [[Gary Gabelich]] drives the rocket-powered ''[[Blue Flame]]'' (part fuelled by LNG) to an official [[land speed record]] of {{convert|622.407|mph|km/h|abbr=on}}<ref name="FIA land speed records, Cat C">{{cite web |url=http://argent.fia.com/web/fia-public.nsf/7D4955E7190F1A25C12572FB00559369/$FILE/Records_List_Cat-C.pdf |title=FIA land speed records, Cat C |publisher=FIA |access-date=July 12, 2009}}</ref> on the dry lake bed of the [[Bonneville Salt Flats]] in Utah. The record, the first above 1,000&nbsp;km/h, stands for nearly 13 years.
* [[October 30]] – In [[Vietnam]], the worst [[monsoon]] to hit the area in six years causes large [[flood]]s, kills 293, leaves 200,000 homeless and virtually halts the [[Vietnam War]].

===November===
{{Main|November 1970}}
* [[November 1]] 
** The [[Club Cinq-Sept fire]] in [[Saint-Laurent-du-Pont]], France, kills 146.
** Polish Deputy Foreign Minister Zygfryd Wolniak and three Pakistanis are killed in an attack on a group of Polish diplomats at the [[Karachi]] airport.
* [[November 3]]
** [[Salvador Allende]] takes office as president of [[Chile]].
** The [[1970 Bhola cyclone]] makes landfall in modern-day Bangladesh around high tide, causing $86.4&nbsp;million in damage (1970 [[United States dollar|USD]], $576&nbsp;million 2020 USD) and becomes the world's deadliest storm killing over 500,000 people.
* [[November 5]] – Vietnam War: The United States Military Assistance Command in [[Vietnam]] reports the lowest weekly American soldier death toll in five years (24 soldiers die this week, which is the fifth consecutive week the death toll is below 50; 431 are reported wounded in the week, however).
* [[November 8]] – [[Egypt]], [[Libya]] and [[Sudan]] announce their intentions to form a federation.
* [[November 9]]
** The Soviet Union launches ''[[Luna 17]]'' for the moon.
** Vietnam War: The [[Supreme Court of the United States]] votes 6–3 not to hear a case by the state of [[Massachusetts]] about the constitutionality of a state law granting Massachusetts residents the right to refuse military service in an undeclared war.
* [[November 13]]
** [[1970 Bhola cyclone]]: A 120-mph (193&nbsp;km/h) [[tropical cyclone]] hits the densely populated [[Ganges Delta]] region of [[East Pakistan]] (modern-day [[Bangladesh]]), killing an estimated 500,000 people (considered the [[20th century]]'s worst cyclone disaster). It gives rise to the temporary island of [[New Moore / South Talpatti]].
** [[Hafez al-Assad]] comes to power in [[Syria]], following [[Corrective Movement (Syria)|a military coup]] within the [[Ba'ath Party]].
* [[November 14]]
** [[Southern Airways Flight 932]] crashes in [[Wayne County, West Virginia]]; all 75 on board, including 37 players and 5 coaches from the [[Marshall University]] [[American football|football]] team, are killed.
** The Soviet Union enters the [[International Civil Aviation Organization]], after having resisted joining the UN Agency for more than 25 years. [[Russian language|Russian]] becomes the fourth official language of the ICAO.
* [[November 16]] – The [[Lockheed L-1011 TriStar]] flies for the first time.
* [[November 17]] – [[Luna programme]]: The [[Soviet Union]] lands ''[[Lunokhod 1]]'' on [[Mare Imbrium]] (Sea of Rains) on the Moon. This is the first roving remote-controlled robot to land on another world, and is released by the orbiting ''[[Luna 17]]'' spacecraft.
* [[November 19]] – The six [[European Economic Community]] nation prime ministers meet in [[Munich]] to begin the new programme of [[European Political Cooperation]] (EPC), a unified foreign policy for a future European Union.
* [[November 20]] – The [[Miss World 1970]] beauty pageant, hosted by [[Bob Hope]] at the [[Royal Albert Hall]], London is disrupted by Women's Liberation protesters. Earlier on the same evening a bomb is placed under a [[BBC]] outside broadcast vehicle by [[The Angry Brigade]], in protest at the entry of separate black and white contestants by [[South Africa]].
* [[November 21]]
** [[Syria]]n Prime Minister [[Hafez al-Assad]] forms a new government but retains the post of defense minister.
** In [[Ethiopia]], the [[Eritrean Liberation Front]] kills an Ethiopian general.
** [[Vietnam War]] – [[Operation Ivory Coast]]: A joint [[United States Air Force|Air Force]] and Army team raids the [[Sơn Tây (Hanoi)|Sơn Tây]] prison camp in an attempt to free American [[prisoners of war]] thought to be held there (no Americans are killed, but the prisoners have already moved to another camp; all U.S. POWs are moved to a handful of central prison complexes as a result of this raid).
** [[1970 Australian Senate election]]: The [[Liberal Party of Australia|Liberal]]/[[National Party of Australia|Country]] [[Coalition (Australia)|Coalition]] [[Gorton government|government]] led by [[Prime Minister of Australia|Prime Minister]] [[John Gorton]] and the [[Australian Labor Party|Labor Party]] led by [[Gough Whitlam]] each ends up with 26 seats, both suffering a swing against them. The [[Democratic Labor Party (Australia, 1955)|Democratic Labor Party]] wins an additional seat and holds the balance of power in the [[Australian Senate|Senate]]. This is the last occasion on which a Senate election is held without an accompanying [[Australian House of Representatives|House of Representatives]] election.
* [[November 22]] – [[Guinea]]n president [[Ahmed Sékou Touré]] accuses Portugal of an [[Operation Green Sea|attack]] when hundreds of mercenaries land near the capital [[Conakry]]. The Guinean army repels the landing attempts over the next three days.
* [[November 25]]–[[November 29|29]] – A U.N. delegation arrives to investigate the Guinea situation.
* [[November 25]] – In Tokyo, author and [[Tatenokai]] militia leader [[Yukio Mishima]] and his followers take over the headquarters of the [[Japan Self-Defense Forces]] in an attempted [[coup d'état]]. After Mishima's speech fails to sway public opinion towards his right-wing political beliefs, including restoration of the powers of the [[Emperor of Japan|Emperor]], he commits [[seppuku]] (public ritual suicide).
* [[November 27]] – Bolivian artist Benjamin Mendoza tries to assassinate [[Pope Paul VI]] during his visit in [[Manila]].
* [[November 28]] – The [[Montréal Alouettes]] defeat the [[Calgary Stampeders]], 23–10, to win the [[58th Grey Cup]] in Canadian football.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.cfl.ca/page/his_greycup_recap1970 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100823210808/http://www.cfl.ca/page/his_greycup_recap1970 |archive-date=August 23, 2010 |title=1970 – Montreal Alouettes 23, Calgary Stampeders 10}}</ref>

===December===
{{Main|December 1970}}
* [[December 1]]
** The [[Chamber of Deputies (Italy)|Italian Chamber of Deputies]] accepts a new divorce law.
** [[Ethiopia]] recognizes the People's Republic of China.
** The [[Basques|Basque]] [[ETA (separatist group)]] kidnaps West German Eugen Beihl in [[San Sebastián]].
** [[Luis Echeverría]] becomes [[president of Mexico]].
* [[December 2]] – The [[United States Environmental Protection Agency]] is established.
* [[December 3]] 
** October Crisis: In [[Montreal]], kidnapped British trade commissioner [[James Cross]] is released by the [[Front de libération du Québec]] terrorist group after being held hostage for 60 days. Police negotiate his release and in return the Government of Canada grants 5 terrorists from the FLQ's Chenier Cell their request for safe passage to [[Cuba]].
** Burgos Trial: In [[Burgos]], Spain, the trial of 16 [[Basque people|Basque]] terrorism suspects begins.
* [[December 4]]
** The Spanish government declares a 3-month martial law in the Basque county of Guipuzcoa, over strikes and demonstrations.
** The U.N. announces that Portuguese navy and army units were responsible for the attempted invasion of Guinea.
* [[December 5]]
** The Asian and Australian tour of Pope Paul VI ends.
** [[Fluminense]] win the [[Campeonato Brasileiro Série A|Brazil Football Championship]].
* [[December 7]]
** Giovanni Enrico Bucher, the Swiss ambassador to Brazil, is kidnapped in [[Rio de Janeiro]]; kidnappers demand the release of 70 political prisoners.
** The U.N. General Assembly supports the isolation of South Africa for its [[apartheid]] policies.
** During his visit to the Polish capital, [[Chancellor of Germany (Federal Republic)|German Chancellor]] [[Willy Brandt]] goes down on his knees in front of a monument to the victims of the [[Warsaw Ghetto]], which will become known as the [[Warschauer Kniefall]] ("Warsaw Genuflection").
* [[December 12]] – A [[landslide]] in western [[Colombia]] leaves 200 dead.
* [[December 15]]
** The USSR's ''[[Venera 7]]'' becomes the first spacecraft to land successfully on Venus and transmit data back to Earth.
** The South Korean ferry ''Namyong Ho'' capsizes off [[Korea Strait]]; 308 people are killed.
* [[December 16]] – The Ethiopian government declares a [[state of emergency]] in the region of Eritrea over the activities of the [[Eritrean Liberation Front]].
* [[December 20]] – An Egyptian delegation leaves for Moscow to ask for [[economic aid|economic]] and [[military aid]].
* [[December 21]] – The [[Grumman F-14 Tomcat]] makes its first flight.
* [[December 22]]
** The [[Libya]]n Revolutionary Council declares that it will nationalize all foreign banks in the country.
** [[Franz Stangl]], the ex-commander of [[Treblinka extermination camp]], is sentenced to life imprisonment.
* [[December 23]]
** The [[Bolivia]]n government releases [[Régis Debray]].
** Law 70-001 is enacted in the [[Democratic Republic of the Congo]], amending article 4 of the constitution and making the country a [[one-party state]].
* [[December 25]] – [[ETA (separatist group)|ETA]] releases Eugen Beihl in Spain.
* [[December 27]] – President of India [[V. V. Giri]] declares [[1971 Indian general election|new elections]].
* [[December 28]] – The suspected killers of [[Pierre Laporte]], Jacques and Paul Rose and Francis Sunard, are arrested near Montreal.
* [[December 29]] – U.S. President [[Richard Nixon]] signs into law the [[Occupational Safety and Health Act (United States)|Occupational Safety and Health Act]].
* [[December 30]] – In [[Biscay (Congress of Deputies constituency)|Biscay]] in the [[Basque Country (autonomous community)|Basque country]] of Spain, 15,000 go on strike in protest at the Burgos trial death sentences. [[Francisco Franco]] commutes the sentences to 30 years in prison.
* [[December 31]] – [[Paul McCartney]] sues in Britain to dissolve [[The Beatles]]' legal partnership.

===Date unknown===
* The first [[Institutes of Technology in Ireland|Regional Technical Colleges]] open in Ireland.
* The [[Sweet Track]] is discovered in England. It is the world's oldest engineered roadway at the time of its discovery.
* [[Sammlung zeitgenössischer Kunst der Bundesrepublik Deutschland]], the Federal collection of contemporary art, is established in Germany.
* Women's movement starts in Oman with the establishment of the [[Omani Women's Association]].

===World population===
{|class="wikitable"
|-
!colspan="7"|[[World population]]
|-
!
!1970
!colspan="2"|[[1965]]
!colspan="2"|[[1975]]
|-
!World
|align="right"|'''3,692,492,000'''
|align="right"|3,334,874,000
|align="right"|[[Image:Green Arrow Up.svg|10px]] 357,618,000
|align="right"|4,068,109,000
|align="right"|[[Image:Green Arrow Up.svg|10px]] 375,617,000
|-
!Africa
|align="right"|'''357,283,000'''
|align="right"|313,744,000
|align="right"|[[Image:Green Arrow Up.svg|10px]] 43,539,000
|align="right"|408,160,000
|align="right"|[[Image:Green Arrow Up.svg|10px]] 50,877,000
|-
!Asia
|align="right"|'''2,143,118,000'''
|align="right"|1,899,424,000
|align="right"|[[Image:Green Arrow Up.svg|10px]] 243,694,000
|align="right"|2,397,512,000
|align="right"|[[Image:Green Arrow Up.svg|10px]] 254,394,000
|-
!Europe
|align="right"|'''655,855,000'''
|align="right"|634,026,000
|align="right"|[[Image:Green Arrow Up.svg|10px]] 21,829,000
|align="right"|675,542,000
|align="right"|[[Image:Green Arrow Up.svg|10px]] 19,687,000
|-
!Latin America
|align="right"|'''284,856,000'''
|align="right"|250,452,000
|align="right"|[[Image:Green Arrow Up.svg|10px]] 34,404,000
|align="right"|321,906,000
|align="right"|[[Image:Green Arrow Up.svg|10px]] 37,050,000
|-
!North America
|align="right"|'''231,937,000'''
|align="right"|219,570,000
|align="right"|[[Image:Green Arrow Up.svg|10px]] 12,367,000
|align="right"|243,425,000
|align="right"|[[Image:Green Arrow Up.svg|10px]] 11,488,000
|-
!Oceania
|align="right"|'''19,443,000'''
|align="right"|17,657,000
|align="right"|[[Image:Green Arrow Up.svg|10px]] 1,786,000
|align="right"|21,564,000
|align="right"|[[Image:Green Arrow Up.svg|10px]] 2,121,000
|}