Editing 1952 (section)

==Events==
===January–February===
* [[January 26]] – [[Cairo Fire|Black Saturday]] in [[Kingdom of Egypt|Egypt]]: Rioters burn [[Cairo]]'s central business district, targeting British and upper-class Egyptian businesses.
* [[February 6]]
** Princess Elizabeth, Duchess of Edinburgh, becomes monarch of the [[United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland]] and the [[British Dominions]]: [[Canada]], [[Australia]], [[New Zealand]], [[Union of South Africa|South Africa]], [[Dominion of Pakistan|Pakistan]] and [[Dominion of Ceylon|Ceylon]]. The princess, who is on a visit to [[Kenya]] when she hears of the death of her father, King [[George VI]], aged 56, takes the regnal name [[Elizabeth II]].<ref>{{cite news |url= https://www.bbc.com/news/magazine-16795006 |title= The moment a princess became a queen |date= 6 February 2012 |publisher= BBC News |access-date= 13 June 2021}}</ref>
** In the United States, a [[Artificial heart|mechanical heart]] is used for the first time in a human patient.
*[[February 7]] &ndash; [[New York City]] announces its first crosswalk devices to be installed.<ref>{{cite web | url=https://www.nytimes.com/1952/02/07/archives/1way-traffic-signs-due-soon-in-times-sq-oneway-signs-due-in-times.html | title=1-Way Traffic Signs Due Soon in Times Sq.; One-Way Signs Due in Times Sq.; 'Walk' Flashers to Aid Pedestrians | work=The New York Times | date=February 7, 1952 | last1=Ingraham | first1=Joseph C. }}</ref>
* [[February 14]]–[[February 25|25]] – The [[1952 Winter Olympics|Winter Olympics]] are held in [[Oslo]], Norway.<ref>{{cite web |title=Olympedia – 1952 Winter Olympics Overview |url=https://www.olympedia.org/editions/34 |website=olympedia.org |access-date=12 December 2021}}</ref>
* [[February 15]] – The State Funeral of King [[George VI]] of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland and the British Dominions and the last Emperor of India, takes place. George VI's coffin is brought in procession through London to Paddington Station where a royal train brought the King to Windsor, where his funeral and burial took place at St. George's Chapel at Windsor Castle.
* [[February 18]] – Greece and Turkey join the [[NATO|North Atlantic Treaty Organization]].
* [[February 21]] – In [[Dhaka]], [[East Pakistan]] (present-day [[Bangladesh]]) police open fire on a [[Bengali language movement|procession of students]], killing 4 people and starting a country-wide protest, which leads to the recognition of [[Bengali language|Bengali]] as one of the national languages of Pakistan. The day is later declared "[[International Mother Language Day]]" by [[UNESCO]].
* [[February 25]] – The [[Parícutin]] active volcano in [[Michoacán]], west central Mexico, ceases its discontinuous eruption after spewing forth a gigaton of lava, and burying [[San Juan Parangaricutiro]].
* [[February 26]] – [[Vincent Massey]] is sworn in, becoming the first Canadian-born [[Governor General of Canada]].

===March–April===
* [[March 10]] – General [[Fulgencio Batista]] re-takes power in [[Cuba]] in a coup.
* [[March 15]]–[[March 16|16]] – 73&nbsp;inches (1,870&nbsp;mm) of rain falls in [[Cilaos]], [[Réunion]], the most rainfall in one day up to that time.
* [[March 20]] – The [[United States Senate]] ratifies a [[Treaty of San Francisco|peace treaty]] with Japan.
* [[March 21]]
** The last two [[Capital punishment|executions]] in the Netherlands take place.
** [[Kwame Nkrumah]] is elected Prime Minister of the [[Gold Coast (British colony)|Gold Coast]].
** [[March 1952 Southern United States tornado outbreak|Tornadoes]] ravage the lower [[Mississippi embayment|Mississippi River Valley]], leaving 208 dead, through [[March 22]].
* [[March 22]] – [[Wernher von Braun]] publishes the first in his series of articles titled ''[[Man Will Conquer Space Soon!]]'', including ideas for crewed flights to [[Mars]] and the Moon.
* [[March 27]]
**[[Konrad Adenauer]] survives an assassination attempt.
**[[1952 Coorg Legislative Assembly election|A legislative Assembly election]] is held in [[Coorg]].
* [[April 1]]
** [[Al-Arabi SC (Qatar)|Al Arabi]] was founded in [[Qatar]]
* [[April 4]]
** In the [[The Hague|Hague Tribunal]], [[Israel]] demands [[Reparations Agreement between Israel and West Germany|reparations]] worth $3&nbsp;billion from Germany.
** [[West Ice accidents]]: During a severe storm in the [[West Ice]], east of [[Greenland]], 78 seal hunters on 5 Norwegian [[seal hunting]] vessels vanish without a trace.
* [[April 7]] – The [[American Research Bureau]] reports that the ''[[I Love Lucy]]'' episode "The Marriage License" was the first TV show in history to be seen in around 10,000,000 homes, the evening the episode aired.
* [[April 8]] – ''[[Youngstown Sheet & Tube Co. v. Sawyer]]'': The U.S. Supreme Court limits the power of the President to seize private business, after President [[Harry S. Truman]] nationalizes all steel mills in the United States, just before the [[1952 steel strike]] begins.
* [[April 9]]
** [[Hugo Ballivián]]'s government is overthrown by the [[History of Bolivia (1920–64)#The Bolivian National Revolution, 1952|Bolivian National Revolution]], which starts a period of [[agrarian reform]], [[universal suffrage]] and the [[nationalization]] of tin mines.
** Santa Teresa Church tragedy: 50 people are trampled to death in the [[Basilica of St. Teresa]], [[Caracas]], [[Venezuela]], after someone shouts "[[Shouting fire in a crowded theater|Fire!]]"; 40 people are arrested in connection with the crush.<ref>{{cite web |date=12 April 1952 |title=53 Killed in Church Panic |newspaper=Newcastle Morning Herald and Miners' Advocate |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article133715606 |access-date=21 November 2017 |pages=3 |via=Trove}}</ref><ref name=":02">[http://trove.nla.gov.au/newspaper/article/57097759 Stampede In Church Planned?] ''13 April 1952''</ref><ref>{{cite web |date=15 April 1952 |title=40 Arrests in Sequel to Deaths |newspaper=West Australian |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article49026717 |access-date=21 November 2017 |pages=6 |via=Trove}}</ref>
* [[April 11]] 
**[[Battle of Nanri Island]]: The [[Taiwan|Republic of China]] seizes the island from the [[China|People's Republic of China]].
**[[Bolivian National Revolution]]: Rebels take over [[Palacio Quemado]].<ref name=":4">{{Cite web|date=2019-11-13|title=The 1952 Bolivian Revolution – IWL-FI|url=https://litci.org/en/the-1952-bolivian-revolution/|access-date=2022-02-26|language=es-CO}}</ref>
* [[April 18]]
** [[Bolivia]] National Revolution: A universal vote enables indigenous peoples and women to vote, nationalizes mines and enacts agrarian reform.
** [[West Germany–Japan relations|West Germany and Japan form diplomatic relations]].
* [[April 26]] – United States Navy aircraft carrier [[USS Wasp (CV-18)|''Wasp'']] collides with destroyer [[USS Hobson (DD-464)|''Hobson'']] while on exercises in the Atlantic Ocean, killing 175 men.
* [[April 28]] – The [[Treaty of San Francisco]] goes into effect, formally ending the war between [[Japan]] and the [[Allies of World War II|Allies]], and simultaneously ending the [[Military occupation|occupation]] of the four main Japanese islands by the [[Supreme Commander for the Allied Powers]].

===May–June===
* [[May 1]] – [[East Germany]] threatens to form its own army.
* [[May 3]] – U.S. [[lieutenant colonel]]s [[Joseph O. Fletcher]] and [[William Pershing Benedict|William P. Benedict]] land a plane at the [[geographic North Pole]].
* [[May 6]] – [[Farouk of Egypt]] has himself announced as a descendant of the Islamic [[prophet]], [[Muhammad]].
* [[May 13]] – [[Jawaharlal Nehru|Pandit Nehru]] forms his first government in India.
* [[May 15]] – [[Israel–Japan relations|Diplomatic relations are established between Israel and Japan]] at the level of [[legation]]s.
* [[May 18]] – [[Ann Davison (sailor)|Ann Davison]] becomes the first woman to single-handedly sail the Atlantic Ocean.
* [[June 1]]
** The [[Catholic Church|Roman Catholic Church]] bans the books of [[André Gide]].
** Navigation opens on the [[Volga–Don Canal]], connecting the [[Caspian Sea]] basin with that of the [[Black Sea]].
* [[June 10]] – [[1952 San Juan earthquake]]. A magnitude 6.8 earthquake kills five people on [[Argentina]]'s [[San Juan Province, Argentina|San Juan Province]].
* [[June 13]]
** "[[Catalina affair]]": Soviet [[Mikoyan-Gurevich MiG-15|MiG-15]] fighter planes shoot down a Swedish military [[Douglas C-47 Skytrain]], carrying out [[signals intelligence]] gathering operations over the [[Baltic Sea]], killing all 8 crew; three days later they shoot down a [[Consolidated PBY Catalina|Catalina flying boat]], searching for possible survivors.
** [[Polttoainehankinta]], a secret [[Finnish Defence Forces]] operations order is approved.<ref>Junttila, Paavo (2015). Taistelutehon laskemiseen vaikuttaneet tekijät sodan 1941–44 aikana ja siitä tehtävät johtopäätökset [Factors Effecting the Reduction in Combat Power During the War of 1941–44 with Conclusions] (PDF). Suomalaisen sotataidon klassikot (in Finnish). National Defence University. ISBN 978-951-25-2723-6</ref>
* [[June 14]] – [[Myxomatosis]] is introduced to Europe, on the French estate of [[Paul-Félix Armand-Delille]].
* [[June 15]] – [[Anne Frank]]'s ''[[The Diary of a Young Girl]]'' is published in English-language translation.
* [[June 19]] – The [[Special Forces (United States Army)]] are created.
* [[June 26]] – The [[Labour Party of Malaya|Pan-Malayan Labour Party]] is founded in [[Malayan Union|Malaya]], as a union of statewide labour parties.
* [[June 27]] – [[Decree 900]] in Guatemala orders the redistribution of uncultivated land.
* [[June 28]] – The First [[Miss Universe]] pageant is held. [[Armi Kuusela]] from [[Finland]] wins the title of [[Miss Universe 1952]].

===July–August===
* [[July 13]] – [[East Germany]] announces the formation of its [[National People's Army]].
* [[July 19]]–[[August 3]] – The [[1952 Summer Olympics]] are held in [[Helsinki]], Finland.
* [[July 21]] – The 7.3 {{M|w|link=y}} [[1952 Kern County earthquake|Kern County earthquake]] strikes California's southern [[Central Valley (California)|Central Valley]] with a maximum [[Mercalli intensity scale|Mercalli intensity]] of XI (''Extreme''), killing 12 and injuring hundreds. 
* [[July 23]]
** The [[European Coal and Steel Community]] is established.
** General [[Muhammad Naguib|Mohammed Naguib]] leads [[Free Officers Movement (Egypt)|The Free Officers]] (formed by [[Gamal Abdel Nasser]] – the real power behind the coup) in the [[Coup d'état|overthrow]] of King [[Farouk of Egypt]].
* [[July 26]]
** King [[Farouk of Egypt]] abdicates in favour of [[Fuad II]].
** [[Eva Peron|Maria Eva Duarte De Peron]] known as "Evita" Argentina's first lady dies of cancer. The Argentine government's declaration of national mourning causes all business, entertainment, leisure, and work to a standstill.
* [[August 5]] – The [[Treaty of Taipei]] between Japan and the [[Republic of China]] goes into effect, to officially end the [[Second Sino-Japanese War]].
* [[August 11]] – The [[Jordan]]ian Parliament forces King [[Talal of Jordan]] to abdicate due to mental illness; he is succeeded by his son King [[Hussein of Jordan|Hussein]].
* [[August 12]] – [[Night of the Murdered Poets]]: 13 Soviet Jewish poets are executed.
* [[August 13]] – Japan joins the [[International Monetary Fund|IMF]].
* [[August 14]] – [[West Germany]] joins the [[International Monetary Fund|IMF]] and the [[World Bank]].
* [[August 16]] – [[Lynmouth]], North [[Devon]], England is devastated by floods; 34 die.
* [[August 18]] – A [[1952 Damxung earthquake|7.5 earthquake]] shakes the [[Tibet]] region leaving a balance of 54 fatalities.
* [[August 22]] – The most damaging aftershock of the [[1952 Kern County earthquake]] sequence strikes with a moment magnitude of 5.8, and a maximum Mercalli intensity of VIII (''Severe''). This event damages several hundred buildings in [[Bakersfield, California]], with total additional losses of $10&nbsp;million, with two associated deaths and some injuries.
* [[August 26]] – A British passenger jet makes a return crossing of the Atlantic Ocean in the same day.
* [[August 27]] – [[Reparations Agreement between Israel and West Germany|Reparation]] negotiations between West Germany and [[Israel]] end in [[Luxembourg]]: Germany will pay 3&nbsp;billion [[Deutsche Mark]]s.
* [[August 29]] – Composer [[John Cage]]'s ''[[4′33″]]'', during which the performer does not play, premieres in [[Woodstock, New York]].
* [[August 30]] – The last Finnish [[war reparations]] are sent to the [[Soviet Union]].
* [[August 31]] – The [[Grenzlandring]] racetrack closes in [[Wegberg]], Germany.

===September–October===
* [[September 2]] – [[C. Walton Lillehei]] and F. John Lewis perform the first open-[[Cardiac surgery|heart surgery]], at the [[University of Minnesota]].
* [[September 6]] – The [[Canadian Broadcasting Corporation|CBC]] in [[Montreal]], [[Quebec]], goes on air launching [[television in Canada]].
* [[September 10]] – The [[European Parliamentary Assembly]] (from March [[1962]], the [[European Parliament]]) opens.
* [[September 15]] – The [[United Nations]] cedes [[Italian Eritrea#British Military Administration and the end of the colony|Eritrea]] to [[Ethiopian Empire|Ethiopia]].
* [[September 18]] – The [[Soviet Union]] vetoes Japan's application for [[Japan and the United Nations|membership]] in the [[United Nations]].
* [[September 30]] – The [[Revised Standard Version]] of the Bible is published.
* [[October 14]] – The [[United Nations]] begins work in the new [[Headquarters of the United Nations|United Nations building]] in New York City, designed by [[Le Corbusier]] and [[Oscar Niemeyer]].
* [[October 17]] – [[17 October affair]]: [[Indonesia]]n troops led by General [[Abdul Haris Nasution|Nasution]] surround the presidential palace, seeking the dismissal of the [[People's Representative Council]]; [[Sukarno]] avoids confrontation.
* [[October 19]] – [[Alain Bombard]] begins to sail from the [[Canary Islands]] to [[Barbados]] in 65 days; he reaches them [[December 23]].
* [[October 20]] – [[Martial law]] is declared in [[Kenya]], in the face of the [[Mau Mau Uprising|Mau Mau uprising]].
* [[October 23]] – The [[West German]] [[Federal Constitutional Court]] bans the [[Socialist Reich Party]] as unconstitutional for being a [[Nazi Party]] successor organization.

===November–December===
* [[November 1]] – [[Nuclear weapons testing|Nuclear testing]] and [[Operation Ivy]]: The United States successfully [[Detonation|detonates]] the first [[hydrogen bomb]], codenamed "Mike", at [[Enewetak Atoll|Eniwetok]] Atoll in the [[Marshall Islands]] in the central Pacific Ocean, with a [[nuclear weapon yield|yield]] of 10.4 [[TNT equivalent|megatons]].
[[Image:IvyMike2.jpg|thumb|220px|The explosion of the first hydrogen bomb.]]
* [[November 4]]
** [[1952 United States presidential election]]: [[Republican Party (United States)|Republican]] General [[Dwight D. Eisenhower]] defeats [[Democratic Party (United States)|Democratic]] [[Governor of Illinois]] [[Adlai Stevenson II|Adlai Stevenson]] (correctly predicted by the [[UNIVAC I|UNIVAC]] computer).
** [[Pace-Finletter MOU 1952]]: A [[Memorandum of understanding]] is signed between "...Air Force Secretary Finletter and Army Secretary Pace that established a fixed wing weight limit [for the Army] of five thousand pounds empty, but weight restrictions on helicopters were eliminated..."<ref>{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=shwtKbTbEuEC&pg=PA196|title=Pushing the Envelope: The American Aircraft Industry|first=Donald M.|last=Pattillo|date=February 1, 2001|publisher=University of Michigan Press|isbn=0472086715}}</ref>
* [[November 5]] – The 9.0 {{M|w|link=y}} [[1952 Severo-Kurilsk earthquake|Severo-Kurilsk earthquake]] hits the [[Kamchatka Peninsula]] of the [[Soviet Union]] with a maximum [[Mercalli intensity scale|Mercalli intensity]] of XI (''Extreme''). A tsunami took the lives of more than 2,300 people.
* [[November 18]] – [[Jomo Kenyatta]] is arrested in [[Kenya]], for an alleged connection to the [[Mau Mau Uprising]].
* [[November 20]]
** The first official passenger flight [[Polar route|over the North Pole]] is made, from Los Angeles to [[Copenhagen]].
**One of the first successful gender-affirming surgeries is performed in [[Copenhagen]] on [[Christine Jorgensen]]. 
* [[November 29]] – [[Korean War]]: U.S. President-elect [[Dwight D. Eisenhower]] fulfills a [[political campaign]] promise, by traveling to Korea to find out what can be done to end the conflict.
* [[December 1]] – [[Adolfo Ruiz Cortines]] takes office as [[President of Mexico]].
* [[December 10]] &ndash; [[Albert Schweitzer]] is given the 1952 Nobel Peace Prize.
* [[December 14]] – The first successful surgical separation of [[Conjoined twins|Siamese twins]] is conducted in Mount Sinai Hospital, [[Cleveland]], [[Ohio]].
* [[December 20]] – The [[1952 Moses Lake C-124 crash|crash]] of a [[United States Air Force]] C-124 Globemaster at Moses Lake, WA kills 86 servicemen.
* [[December 25]] – One West German soldier is killed in a shooting incident in [[West Berlin]].
* [[December 26]] – [[Joseph Ivor Linton]], the first Israeli [[Envoy (title)|Minister Plenipotentiary]] in Japan, presents his credentials to the [[Emperor of Japan]].

===Date unknown===
* The [[Nordic Council]] agrees to the unrestricted transport of people, goods and services throughout the [[Nordic countries|Nordic Countries]].
* Supramar launches the first commercial [[high-speed craft]], a [[hydrofoil]].
* During the [[Mau Mau Uprising]], the poisonous [[latex]] of the [[Euphorbia grantii|African milk bush]] is used to kill [[cattle]], in an incident of [[Biological warfare]].<ref name="Biological warfare">{{Cite book|last=Verdourt|first=Bernard|author2=Trump, E.C.|author3=Church, M.E.|name-list-style=amp|title=Common poisonous plants of East Africa|publisher=Collins|year=1969|location=London|pages=254}}</ref>
* [[Slavery in Qatar]] is abolished.