Editing 1936 (section)

== Events ==
=== January–February ===
{{Main|January 1936}}
{{Main|February 1936}}
* [[January 20]] – The Prince of Wales succeeds to the throne of the United Kingdom as King [[Edward VIII]], following the death of his father, [[George V]], at his [[Sandringham House]]. 
* [[January 28]] – [[Death and state funeral of George V|State funeral of George V]] of the United Kingdom. After a procession through London, he is buried at [[St George's Chapel, Windsor Castle]].<ref>{{Cite web | title = Royal Burials in the Chapel since 1805 | work = College of St George | date = 2017 | access-date = 2018-05-19 | url = https://www.stgeorges-windsor.org/about-st-georges/royal-connection/royal-burials/royal-burials-chapel-since-1805/ }}</ref>
* [[February 4]] – [[Radium]] E (bismuth-210) becomes the first [[radioactive]] element to be made synthetically.
* [[February 6]] – The [[1936 Winter Olympics|IV Olympic Winter Games]] open in [[Garmisch-Partenkirchen]], Germany.
* [[February 10]]–[[February 19|19]] – [[Second Italo-Ethiopian War]]: [[Battle of Amba Aradam]] – Italian forces gain a decisive tactical victory, effectively neutralizing the army of the [[Ethiopian Empire]].
* [[February 16]] – [[1936 Spanish general election]]: The left-wing [[Popular Front (Spain)|Popular Front]] coalition takes a majority.
* [[February 26]] – [[February 26 Incident]] (二・二六事件, ''Niniroku Jiken''): The [[Imperial Way Faction]] engineers a failed coup against the Japanese government; some politicians are killed.

=== March–April ===
{{Main|March 1936}}
{{Main|April 1936}}
[[File:Hoover Dam - Arizona.jpg|thumb|220px|right| [[March 1]]: [[Hoover Dam]] is completed]]
* [[March 1]] – Construction of [[Hoover Dam]] is completed in the United States.
* [[March 7]] – In violation of the [[Treaty of Versailles]] and [[Locarno Treaties]], [[Nazi Germany]] [[Remilitarization of the Rhineland|reoccupies the Rhineland]].<ref name="R.W. Davies, Oleg Khlevnyuk, Stephen G. Wheatcroft 2014 275">{{cite book|first=R. W.|last=Davies|title=The Industrialisation of Soviet Russia, Volume '''6''': The Years of Progress: The Soviet Economy, 1934–1936|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=iM9CBAAAQBAJ&pg=PA275|year=2014|publisher=Palgrave Macmillan|page=275|isbn=978-1-137-36257-5}}</ref><ref name="A.J.P. Taylor 1960 386">{{cite book|author-link=A. J. P. Taylor|first=A. J. P.|last=Taylor|title=English History 1914–1945|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=l4CbmiuJe50C&pg=PA386|year=2001|publisher=Oxford University Press|page=386|isbn=978-0-19-280140-1}}</ref> [[Adolf Hitler|Hitler]] and other Nazis later admit that the French army alone could have destroyed the [[Wehrmacht]].<ref name="William L. Shirer, Ron Rosenbaum 1960 293">{{cite book|author1=Shirer, William L. |author2-link=Ron Rosenbaum |author2=Rosenbaum, Ron |title=The Rise and Fall of the Third Reich: A History of Nazi Germany|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=6QngAAAAQBAJ&pg=PA293|year=1960|publisher=Simon & Schuster|page=293|author1-link=William L. Shirer |isbn=978-1-4516-5168-3 }}</ref>
* [[March 9]] – Pro-democratic militarist [[Keisuke Okada]] steps down as [[Prime Minister of Japan]] and is replaced by radical militarist [[Kōki Hirota]].<ref>{{cite book|author=F. J. Bradley|title=He Gave the Order: The Life and Times of Admiral Osami Nagano|publisher=Merriam Press|year=2015|isbn=9781576383711|page=36}}</ref>
* [[March 15]] – Austrian [[Josef Bradl]] sets the [[List of longest ski jumps#Men|men's world record ski jump]] at 101.5 metres (333&nbsp;ft) on [[Bloudkova velikanka]] hill in [[Planica]] and becomes the first man in history to stand jump over one hundred metres.<ref>{{cite web|title=Planica -- 101&nbsp;m! (actually 101.5 metres, no space for 4th number), p.1|url=http://www.dlib.si/stream/URN:NBN:SI:DOC-DCEVC0OW/d74f87fd-3471-4f0f-bb8d-1f7198838eac/PDF|date=16 March 1936|publisher=Jutro (Monday edition)|language=sl}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=Smuške tekme na Planici brez Norvežanov|url=http://www.dlib.si/stream/URN:NBN:SI:DOC-5W446XKT/8033e7f5-dec6-4ca9-a1f4-692f65551c22/PDF|date=16 March 1936|publisher=Ponedeljski Slovenec|language=sl}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=Josef Bradl 101.5 m Planica 1936 (Norwegian Commentary)|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=LLSI0OmDeyM |archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/varchive/youtube/20211211/LLSI0OmDeyM| archive-date=2021-12-11 |url-status=live|publisher=[[YouTube]]|date=15 March 1936}}{{cbignore}}</ref><small>{{#tag:ref|The result scoreboard at that time had place only for three numbers, as organizing committee wasn't really prepared for one hundred metres barrier to be broken. Newspapers ''Jutro'' and ''Slovenec'' publish 101 metres on the next day and news spread fast around the world. Many decades took to publish real measured 101.5 metres distance, engraved in his original trophy from Planica (Salzburger Landesskimuseum).|group="nb"}}</small>
* [[April 5]] – A tornado hits [[Tupelo, Mississippi]], United States, killing 216 people and injuring over 700 (the 4th deadliest tornado in U.S. history).
* [[April 15]] – The [[1936 Tulkarm shooting|Tulkarm shooting]], followed by Jewish retaliation, begins the [[1936–1939 Arab revolt in Palestine]] against British administration, and stokes opposition to Jewish immigration.<ref>{{cite book |last=Kelly |first=Matthew |year=2017 |title=The Crime of Nationalism: Britain, Palestine, and Nation-Building on the Fringe of Empire | location=Oakland, California |publisher=University of California Press |page=12 |isbn=978-0-520-29149-2}}</ref>

=== May–June ===
{{Main|May 1936}}
{{Main|June 1936}}
* [[May 5]] – ''[[March of the Iron Will]]'': Italian forces occupy [[Addis Ababa]] unopposed.<ref>{{cite book |first=A. J. |last=Barker |title=Rape of Ethiopia, 1936 |publisher=Ballantine Books |year=1971 |location=New York |isbn=978-0-345-02462-6|page=108}}</ref>
* [[May 7]] – Italy annexes [[Ethiopia]].
* [[May 9]] – Speaking in [[Rome]], [[Benito Mussolini]] announces the foundation of the empire, as [[Italian East Africa]] is formed from the Italian territories of [[Eritrea]], [[Ethiopia]] and [[Italian Somaliland]].
* [[May 12]] – The [[Atchison, Topeka and Santa Fe Railway|Santa Fe]] railroad in the United States inaugurates the all-Pullman ''[[Super Chief]]'' passenger train, between [[Chicago]] and [[Los Angeles]].
* [[May 25]] – The [[Remington Rand strike of 1936–37]] begins, spawning the notorious ''[[Mohawk Valley formula]]'', a corporate plan for [[strikebreaking]].
* [[May 27]] – British luxury liner {{RMS|Queen Mary}} leaves [[Southampton]] for her maiden [[transatlantic crossing]].
* [[June 19]]
** [[Max Schmeling]] knocks out [[Joe Louis]] in the 12th round of their [[heavyweight]] [[boxing]] match, at [[Yankee Stadium (1923)|Yankee Stadium]] in New York City.
** [[Per Albin Hansson]] resigns as [[Prime Minister of Sweden]], over the issue of defence policy. He is replaced by the leader of the Farmer's League (''Bondeförbundet'') [[Axel Pehrsson-Bramstorp]], who also becomes Minister of Agriculture.
** The total [[solar eclipse of June 19, 1936]] is visible in Greece, Turkey, Russia and Japan. It is part of [[Solar Saros 126]]; [[Gamma (eclipse)|Gamma]] is a value of 0.53889.
* [[June 26]] – [[Focke-Wulf Fw 61]], the first fully controllable [[helicopter]], makes its maiden flight.

=== July–August ===
{{Main|July 1936}}
{{Main|August 1936}}
[[File:Republican troops during the July 1936 uprising in Barcelona.jpg|thumb|right|[[July 17]]: Republican soldiers and Assault Guards during the [[Spanish coup of July 1936|July 1936 uprising]] in [[Barcelona]], Spain]]
* [[July 4]] – First publication recognizing [[Stress (biology)|stress]] as a biological condition.<ref>{{cite journal|title=A Syndrome Produced by Diverse Nocuous Agents|author-link=Hans Selye|first=Hans|last=Selye|journal=[[Nature (journal)|Nature]]|volume=138|issue=3479|year=1936|page=32|url=http://neuro.psychiatryonline.org/cgi/content/full/10/2/230a|access-date=2020-02-16|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080107091947/http://neuro.psychiatryonline.org/cgi/content/full/10/2/230a|archive-date=January 7, 2008|doi=10.1038/138032a0|bibcode=1936Natur.138...32S|s2cid=4014154|doi-access=free}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal|title="Stress" is 80 Years Old: From Hans Selye Original Paper in 1936 to Recent Advances in GI Ulceration|author=Szabo, S.
 |last2=Yoshida, M.
 |last3=Filakovszky, J.
 |last4=Juhasz, G.|journal=Current Pharmaceutical Design|year=2017|volume=23|issue=27|pages=4029–4041|doi=10.2174/1381612823666170622110046|pmid=28641541|url=https://escholarship.org/content/qt441957nq/qt441957nq.pdf?t=pewjsu}}</ref>
* [[July 17]] – The [[Spanish Army of Africa]] launches a ''[[Spanish coup of July 1936|coup d'état]]'' against the Republican [[Second Spanish Republic]], beginning the [[Spanish Civil War]].
* [[July 20]] – The [[Montreux Convention Regarding the Regime of the Straits]] is signed in [[Montreux]], allowing [[Turkey]] to fortify the [[Dardanelles]] and the [[Bosphorus]], but guaranteeing free passage to ships of all nations in peacetime.
* [[July 24]] – [[Carmelite Martyrs of Guadalajara]]: 3 nuns are shot dead by the [[Republican faction (Spanish Civil War)]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.abbaye-saint-benoit.ch/hagiographie/fiches/fg016.htm|title=3 Carmélites martyres de Guadalajara (Espagne) (1936)|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110606171828/http://www.abbaye-saint-benoit.ch/hagiographie/fiches/fg016.htm|date=2011-06-06|website=abbaye-saint-benoit.ch|archivedate=2011-06-06}}</ref>
* [[August 1]] – The [[1936 Summer Olympics]] open in Berlin, Germany, and mark the first live television coverage of an international sports event in world history ([[John Logie Baird]] had broadcast the Derby horse race in Britain in 1931).
* [[August 3]] – [[1936 Summer Olympics]]: [[African-American]] athlete [[Jesse Owens]] wins the 100-meter dash.
* [[August 4]] – A self-coup is staged by Greek Prime Minister [[Ioannis Metaxas]], marking the beginning of the authoritarian [[4th of August Regime]], which will rule Greece until the [[Axis occupation of Greece]] in [[1941]].
* [[August 1936|August 14]] – [[1936 Summer Olympics]]: The Junior Varsity Rowing Crew from the [[University of Washington]] surprises the world listening on radio when they come from behind to win Olympic Gold.<ref>{{Cite web |title=The Boys in the Boat: Nine Americans and Their Epic Quest for Gold at the 1936 Berlin Olympics |url=https://read.amazon.com/kp/kshare?ref_=r_sa_glf_b_0_hdrw_ss_AAu4AAA&asin=B00AEBETU2&id=kxwt5xt6bbfz3gz7iqwt2nevdm&amazonDeviceType=A2CLFWBIMVSE9N |access-date=2024-01-08 |website=read.amazon.com}}</ref>
* [[August 26]] – The [[Anglo-Egyptian Treaty of 1936]] is signed.

=== September–October ===
{{Main|September 1936}}
{{Main|October 1936}}
[[File:"Benjamin".jpg|thumb|220px|right| [[September 7]]: Extinction of [[Thylacine]].]]
* [[September 4]]–[[September 5|5]] – English-born aviator [[Beryl Markham]] becomes the first woman to make an east-to-west solo [[transatlantic flight]], from [[Abingdon-on-Thames]], England, to [[Baleine, Nova Scotia]].
* [[September 5]] – [[Spanish Civil War]]: [[Robert Capa]]'s photograph ''[[The Falling Soldier]]'' is taken.
* [[September 7]] – The last known [[thylacine]] ("Tasmanian tiger"), named Benjamin, dies in [[Hobart Zoo]] in [[Tasmania]].
* [[September 9]]
**[[1936 Naval Revolt (Portugal)]]: The crews of [[Portuguese Navy]] frigate [[NRP Afonso de Albuquerque|NRP ''Afonso de Albuquerque'']] and [[Portuguese destroyer Dão|destroyer ''Dão'']] mutiny while anchored in Lisbon Harbour. Opposed to the [[António de Oliveira Salazar|Salazar dictatorship]]'s support of [[General Franco]]'s coup in Spain, they declare their solidarity with the [[Second Spanish Republic]].<ref>{{cite news|url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article17281307|title=Portuguese Mutiny: Why it Failed|newspaper=The Sydney Morning Herald|date=1936-10-02|page=17}}</ref>
**The [[Franco-Syrian Treaty of Independence]] is signed.
* [[September 10]] – The first [[World Speedway Championship]] is held at [[Wembley Stadium (1923)|Wembley Stadium]] in London, England. It is won by Australian [[Lionel Van Praag]], with Englishman [[Eric Langton]] second and Australian [[Bluey Wilkinson]] third.
* [[September 13]] – In response to a [[polio]] outbreak, [[Chicago Public Schools]] launches [[Distance education in Chicago Public Schools in 1937|a distance education program]] which constitutes the first large-scale use of [[radio broadcast]]s to facilitate [[distance education]].<ref name="theconversation">{{cite web |last=Foss |first=Katherine A. |title=Remote learning isn't new: Radio instruction in the 1937 polio epidemic |url=https://theconversation.com/remote-learning-isnt-new-radio-instruction-in-the-1937-polio-epidemic-143797 |website=The Conversation |access-date=16 August 2021 |language=en |date=5 October 2020}}</ref>
* [[September 28]] – After the election to the Swedish Riksdag's second chamber, [[Axel Pehrsson-Bramstorp]] and his "Holiday Cabinet" ("''Semesterregeringen''") resign (though he remains as Minister of Agriculture) and [[Per Albin Hansson]] returns as Prime Minister, staying in office until his death from a heart attack in [[1946]].
* [[October]]
** [[Joseph Stalin]]'s [[Great Purge]] begins in the [[Soviet Union]].
** The [[Viking Age]] craftsman's [[Mästermyr chest]] is discovered in the [[Mästermyr]] mire (after which it is later named), west of [[Hemse]], on the island of [[Gotland]], Sweden.
* [[October 19]] – H. R. Ekins, reporter for the ''[[New York World-Telegram]]'', wins a race to travel around the world on commercial airline flights, beating [[Dorothy Kilgallen]] of the ''[[New York Journal]]'' and Leo Kieran of ''[[The New York Times]]''. The flight takes 18{{frac|1|2}} days.
* [[October 25]] – The [[Rome-Berlin Axis]] is formed.

=== November–December ===
{{Main|November 1936}}
{{Main|December 1936}}
* [[November 2]]
** The [[BBC]] launches the world's first regular television service in high-definition (according to contemporary standards).
** The [[Canadian Broadcasting Corporation]] (CBC) begins [[radio]] in Canada.
* [[November 3]] – [[1936 United States presidential election]]: [[Franklin D. Roosevelt]] is reelected to a second term, in a landslide victory over [[Kansas]] Governor [[Alf Landon]]; farmers support Roosevelt.
* [[November 9]] – American fashion designer [[Ruth Harkness]] encounters and captures a nine-week-old panda cub in Sichuan, China; it becomes the first live giant panda to enter the United States.
* [[November 12]] – In [[California]], the [[San Francisco–Oakland Bay Bridge]] opens to traffic.
* [[November 20]] – A levee failure and continued massive rain at the [[Mitsubishi]] Osarizawa mine, [[Kazuno]], northeastern [[Akita Prefecture|Akita]], Japan, results in at least 375 deaths.
* [[November 23]] – [[Cover date]] of the first issue of ''[[Life (magazine)|Life]]'', a weekly news magazine launched in the United States under the management of [[Henry Luce]].
* [[November 25]] – The [[Anti-Comintern Pact]] is signed by Germany and Japan.
* [[November 30]] – A spectacular fire destroys [[The Crystal Palace]] in London, originally built for the 1851 [[Great Exhibition]].
* [[December 3]] – Radio station [[WFME (AM)|WQXR]] is officially founded in New York City.
* [[December 5]] – The [[1936 Soviet Constitution]], promulgated by [[Stalin]], is adopted in the [[Soviet Union]]. The [[Transcaucasian Socialist Federative Soviet Republic]] is dissolved, and [[Armenian SSR|Armenia]], [[Azerbaijan SSR|Azerbaijan]] and [[Georgian SSR|Georgia]] become full [[Republics of the Soviet Union]].
* [[December 7]] – Streptococcous [[meningitis]] (a condition previously 99% fatal) is successfully treated for the first time with a [[Sulfonamide (medicine)|sulfonamide]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.musicandhistory.com/music-and-history-by-the-year/197-1936.html|title=1936|website=MusicAndHistory|access-date=2015-08-16|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130610051422/http://musicandhistory.com/music-and-history-by-the-year/197-1936.html|archive-date=2013-06-10}}</ref>
* [[December 10]] – [[Edward VIII abdication crisis]]: King [[Edward VIII]] of the United Kingdom signs an instrument of [[abdication]] at [[Fort Belvedere, Surrey]] in the presence of his three brothers, [[George VI|The Duke of York]], [[Prince Henry, Duke of Gloucester|The Duke of Gloucester]] and [[Prince George, Duke of Kent|The Duke of Kent]].
* [[December 11]]
** [[Edward VIII abdication crisis]]: The British Parliament passes [[His Majesty's Declaration of Abdication Act 1936]] on behalf of the U.K., Australia, New Zealand and South Africa. The King performs his last act as sovereign by giving [[Royal Assent]] to the Act, and his brother Prince Albert, Duke of York, becomes King, reigning as [[George VI|King George VI]]. The former King, now HRH Prince Edward, makes a broadcast to the nation explaining his decision to abdicate, and leaves the country for Austria.
** Taking the opportunity to free itself further from ties to the United Kingdom, the [[Oireachtas of the Irish Free State]] passes the [[Constitution (Amendment No. 27) Act 1936]], removing most powers from the office of [[Governor-General of the Irish Free State]], and the [[Executive Authority (External Relations) Act 1936]] (signed into law December 12), assenting to the abdication and restricting the power of the monarch in relation to Ireland to international affairs.
* [[December 12]] – [[Xi'an Incident]]: Generalissimo [[Chiang Kai-shek]] of the Republic of China is kidnapped by Marshal [[Zhang Xueliang]].
* [[December 24]] – The first filmed Russian opera, ''[[Natalka Poltavka (opera)|Natalka Poltavka]]'', is released in [[Ukraine]].

=== Date unknown ===
* West China [[Famine]]: An estimated five million people die.<ref>{{cite book|author=Irving Wallace|title=Book of Lists People Almanac|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=w3CJ1Vo_xwwC|date=April 1982|publisher=Bantam Books|isbn=978-0-553-14642-4|page=97}}</ref>
* [[Nestlé]] introduce the [[white chocolate]] [[Milkybar]] (called Galak in Continental Europe and elsewhere).<ref>{{cite web|title=Milkybar|url=https://www.nestle.com/brands/allbrands/milkybar|access-date=2020-12-29|website=Nestlé Global|language=en}}</ref>