Editing 1935 (section)

== Events ==

=== January ===
{{Main|January 1935}}
* [[January 7]] – Italian premier [[Benito Mussolini]] and French Foreign Minister [[Pierre Laval]] conclude [[Franco-Italian Agreement of 1935|an agreement]], in which each power agrees not to oppose the other's [[Colonial empire|colonial]] claims.<ref>{{cite book|title=The Major International Treaties of the Twentieth Century: A History and Guide with Texts|editor1=Bernard Wasserstein|editor2=John Ashley Soames Grenville| publisher=Routledge|year=2001|page=210|isbn=9780415141253}}</ref>
* [[January 12]] – [[Amelia Earhart]] becomes the first person to successfully complete a solo flight from Hawaii to California, a distance of {{convert|2408|mi|abbr=on}}.<ref>{{cite book|title=A Chronology of American Aerospace Events: Historical Data|publisher=United States: Department of the Air Force|year=1959|page=76}}</ref>
* [[January 13]] – A [[plebiscite]] in the [[Saar (League of Nations)|Territory of the Saar Basin]] shows that 90.3% of those voting wish to join Germany.
* [[January 24]] – The first canned [[beer]] is sold in [[Richmond, Virginia]], United States, by [[Gottfried Krueger Brewing Company]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://keglined.pssht.com/main.html|title=www.Keglined.com - The Beer Can's First Days: 1909 through 1935|website=keglined.pssht.com|access-date=December 8, 2010|archive-date=August 26, 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160826023553/http://keglined.pssht.com/main.html|url-status=dead}}</ref>

=== February ===
{{Main|February 1935}}
* [[February 6]] – [[Parker Brothers]] begins selling the [[board game]] [[Monopoly (game)|Monopoly]] in the United States.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.seattlepi.com/business/fool/article/The-One-Monopoly-America-Will-Never-Break-Up-4255801.php|title=The One Monopoly America Will Never Break Up|last=Planes|first=Alex|date=2013-02-06|website=[[Seattle Post-Intelligencer]]|access-date=2015-07-24}}</ref>
* [[February 13]] – [[Richard Hauptmann]] is convicted and sentenced to death for the kidnapping and murder of Charles Lindbergh Jr. in the United States.
* [[February 15]] – The discovery and clinical development of [[Prontosil]], the first broadly effective [[antibiotic]], is published in a series of articles by [[Gerhard Domagk]] and others in Germany's pre-eminent medical journal, ''[[Deutsche Medizinische Wochenschrift]]''.<ref>{{cite book | last = Ryan | first = Frank | title = Tuberculosis : the greatest story never told : the human story of the search for the cure for tuberculosis and the new global threat | publisher = Swift Publishers | location = Bromsgrove, Worcs | year = 1992 | isbn = 9781874082002 | page=102}}</ref>
* [[February 26]]
** In [[Nazi Germany]], [[Adolf Hitler]] orders reinstatement of the air force, the [[Luftwaffe]], in violation of the [[1919]] [[Treaty of Versailles]].
** [[Robert Watson-Watt]] first demonstrates the use of [[radar]] to detect aircraft, at [[Daventry]] in the UK.<ref>{{cite book | last = Jensen | first = Geoffrey | title = War in the age of technology: myriad faces of modern armed conflict | publisher = New York University Press | location = New York | year = 2001 | isbn = 9780814742518 | page=246}}</ref>

=== March ===
{{Main|March 1935}}
* [[March 1]]
** [[1935 Greek coup d'état attempt]]: [[Nikolaos Plastiras]], [[Anastasios Papoulas]] and other [[Venizelism|Venizelist]]s lead a coup against the [[People's Party (Greece)|People's Party]] government in Greece. The attempt is suppressed by March 11, and the leaders condemned to death for treason.
** [[İsmet İnönü]] forms the new government in [[Turkey]] (the 8th government; during [[Atatürk]]'s presidency, İnönü has served seven times as a prime minister).
* [[March 2]] – King [[Prajadhipok]] (Rama VII) of [[Thailand|Siam]] abdicates the throne; he is succeeded by his 9-year-old-nephew [[Ananda Mahidol]] (Rama VIII).
* [[March 16]] – [[Adolf Hitler]] announces [[German re-armament]] in violation of the [[1919]] [[Treaty of Versailles]].
* [[March 19]] – [[Harlem riot of 1935]]: A [[race riot]] breaks out in [[Harlem]] (New York City), after a rumor circulates that a teenage [[Puerto Ricans in the United States|Puerto Rican]] [[Shoplifting|shoplifter]] in the [[S. H. Kress & Co.]] department store has been brutally beaten.
* [[March 21]] – [[Reza Shah]] of [[Iran]] asks the international community to formally adopt the name "Iran" to refer to the country, in place of the name "Persia".<ref>{{cite book|author=A. B. Rajput|title=Iran To-day|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=PqMNAAAAIAAJ|year=1953|publisher=Lion Press|page=xxiii}}</ref>
* [[March 22]] – The world's first regular television program (by ''[[Fernsehsender Paul Nipkow]]'') is transmitted from the [[Funkturm]] in Berlin, Germany.<ref>{{cite book|author=Germany (West). Presse- und Informationsamt|title=The Bulletin|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=o03jAAAAMAAJ|year=1962|publisher=Press and Information Office}}</ref>

=== April ===
{{Main|April 1935}}
[[File:Dust storm in Spearman,Texas, 1935-04-14.jpg|thumb|[[Dust Bowl|Dust storm]] approaching [[Spearman, Texas]]]]

* April 11 – The [[1935 Danish Folketing election|1935 Danish general election]] is held, resulting in [[Thorvald Stauning]] becoming the first [[Social Democrats (Denmark)|Social Democratic]] [[Prime Minister of Denmark|Prime Minister]] of [[Denmark]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=Folketingsvalget 1924 |url=https://danmarkshistorien.dk/vis/materiale/folketingsvalget-1924 |access-date=2023-10-21 |website=danmarkshistorien.dk |language=da}}</ref>
* [[April 14]] – [[Dust Bowl]]: "[[Black Sunday (storm)|Black Sunday]]", the great dust storm in the United States hits eastern [[New Mexico]] and [[Colorado]], and western [[Oklahoma]] the hardest (it will be made famous by [[Woody Guthrie]], in his "dust bowl ballads").
* [[April 15]] – The [[Roerich Pact]], a Pan-American treaty on the protection of cultural artefacts, is signed in Washington, D.C.<ref name="Congress1935">{{cite book|author=United States. Congress|title=Congressional Record: Proceedings and Debates of the ... Congress|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=nhnnki8GujIC&pg=PA10626|year=1935|publisher=U.S. Government Printing Office|pages=10626}}</ref>
* [[April 17]] – [[Sun Myung Moon]], a teenage [[Presbyterian]] convert in [[Korea under Japanese rule]], claims to have a revelation from [[Jesus]], telling him to complete his mission from almost 2,000 years ago.
* [[April 24]] – [[William Christian Bullitt Jr.]], the [[United States Ambassador to the Soviet Union]], hosts the elaborately prepared [[William Christian Bullitt Jr.#The Spring Ball of the Full Moon|Spring Ball of the Full Moon]], which is said to have surpassed all other embassy parties in Moscow's history.
* [[April 27]] – [[Sheffield Wednesday F.C.|Sheffield Wednesday]] beat [[West Bromwich Albion F.C.|West Bromwich Albion]] 4–2 at [[Wembley Stadium (1923)|Wembley Stadium]] in England to win the [[1935 FA Cup Final|FA Cup final]].
* [[April 29]] – The first edition of the [[1935 Vuelta a España|Vuelta a España]] is raced, and goes on to become one of the 3 [[Grand Tour (cycling)|Grand Tour]]s of road bicycle racing.

=== May ===
{{Main|May 1935}}
* [[May 13]] – [[T. E. Lawrence]] ("Lawrence of Arabia") is involved in a motorcycle accident, near his home in [[Dorset]], England, resulting in his death a few days later.<ref>{{cite news |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/local/oxford/hi/people_and_places/history/newsid_8130000/8130638.stm |publisher=BBC |title=T. E. Lawrence, To Arabia and back |access-date=24 August 2013}}</ref>
* [[May 14]] – [[Northamptonshire County Cricket Club]] gains (over [[Somerset County Cricket Club|Somerset]] at Taunton by 48 runs) what proves to be their last victory for 99 matches, easily a record in the [[County Championship]]. Their next Championship win is not until May 29, 1939.
* [[May 15]] – [[Joseph Stalin]] opens the [[Moscow Metro]] to the public.<ref>{{cite book|title=Culture and Life|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=68oR10DJu5cC|year=1974|publisher=Union of Soviet Societies for Friendship and Cultural Relations with Foreign Countries|page=10}}</ref>
* [[May 21]] – In [[Nazi Germany]], [[Adolf Hitler]] announces the reintroduction of [[conscription]] to the [[Wehrmacht]], in violation of the [[1919]] [[Treaty of Versailles]].<ref>{{cite book|author=Robert M. Kennedy|title=The German Campaign in Poland, 1939|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=sQHZq0C8QQYC&pg=PA19|year=1956|publisher=Department of the Army|pages=19}}</ref>
* [[May 27]] – ''[[Schechter Poultry Corp. v. United States]]'' (the "Sick Chicken Case"): The [[Supreme Court of the United States]] declares that the [[National Industrial Recovery Act]], a major component of the [[New Deal]], is unconstitutional.<ref>{{cite book|author=Kermit L. Hall|title=The Oxford Guide to United States Supreme Court Decisions|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=nO093wNz1PoC&pg=PA275|year=1999|publisher=Oxford University Press, USA|isbn=978-0-19-513924-2|pages=275}}</ref>
* [[May 29]] – The French [[Compagnie Générale Transatlantique]] [[ocean liner]] {{SS|Normandie}} sets out on her maiden voyage from [[Le Havre]] to New York, which she will reach in 4 days, 3 hours and 14 minutes, taking the [[Blue Riband]]; she gains the eastbound record on her return passage.<ref>{{cite book|title=Hobbies|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=X9JPAAAAYAAJ|date=May 1935|publisher=Lightner Publishing Company|page=55}}</ref>
* [[May 31]]
** [[1935 Quetta earthquake]]: A 7.1 magnitude earthquake destroys [[Quetta]] in modern-day Pakistan, killing 40,000.
** [[Twentieth Century Pictures]] and [[Fox Film Corporation]] combine to form [[20th Century Fox Film Corporation]].

=== June ===
{{Main|June 1935}}
* [[June 9]] – [[He–Umezu Agreement]]: China's [[Kuomintang]] government concedes Japanese military control of north-eastern China.
* [[June 10]] – [[Alcoholics Anonymous]] is founded in [[Akron, Ohio]], United States, by [[William G. Wilson]] and Dr. [[Bob Smith (doctor)|Robert Smith]].
* [[June 12]] – The [[Chaco War]] between [[Paraguay]] and [[Bolivia]] ends.
* [[June 13]] – [[James J. Braddock]] defeats [[Max Baer (boxer)|Max Baer]] at [[Madison Square Garden Bowl]], to win the heavyweight [[boxing]] championship of the world.
* [[June 18]] – [[Anglo-German Naval Agreement]]: Britain agrees to a German navy equal to 35% of her own naval tonnage.
* [[June 24]] – Ten people, including musician [[Carlos Gardel]], are killed in a collision between two [[Ford Trimotor]] airplanes at [[Olaya Herrera Airport]] in [[Medellín]], [[Colombia]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://aviation-safety.net/database/record.php?id=19350624-1|title=ASN Aircraft accident Ford 5-AT-D Tri-Motor C-31 Medellín-Enrique Olaya Herrera Airport (EOH)|publisher=Aviation Safety Network|access-date= 6 January 2015}}</ref>

=== July ===
{{Main|July 1935}}
* [[July 1]] – {{RMS|Mauretania|1906}} sails from [[Southampton]] to [[Rosyth]] to be broken up.<ref>{{Cite book |title=The Only Way to Cross |last=Maxtone-Graham|authorlink=John Maxtone-Graham|first=John |year=1972 |publisher=Macmillan |location=New York |isbn=0-02-582350-7 |url-access=registration |url=https://archive.org/details/onlywaytocrosste0000maxt|pages=342–5}}</ref>
* [[July 22]] – Inauguration of the Brazilian radiophonic program ''[[A Voz do Brasil]]''.
* [[July 25]]–[[August 20]] – The seventh and last congress of the [[Comintern]] is held.

=== August ===
{{Main|August 1935}}
* [[August 2]] – The [[Government of India Act 1935|Government of India Act]] is passed by the British Parliament, making provision for the establishment of a "Federation of India" and a degree of autonomy.<ref>{{cite book |editor1-last=Agnihotri |editor1-first=V.K. |date=2010 |title=Indian History, Twenty-Sixth Edition |publisher=Allied Publishers |page=C-257 |isbn=978-81-8424-568-4 }}</ref>
* [[August 13]] – An estimated 250 people are killed when a dam bursts near [[Ovada]], Italy.<ref>{{cite news |date=August 15, 1935 |title=Search Mud for Victims of Dam Break in Italy | work=[[Chicago Daily Tribune]]|page=9 }}</ref>
* [[August 14]] – United States President [[Franklin D. Roosevelt]] signs the [[Social Security Act]] into law.
* [[August 16]] – Representatives of France, Britain and Italy meet in Paris in an unsuccessful attempt to negotiate a solution to the [[Abyssinia Crisis]].<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.indiana.edu/~league/1935.htm |title=Chronology 1935 |date=2002 |website=indiana.edu |access-date=July 24, 2015 }}</ref>

=== September ===
{{Main|September 1935}}
* [[September 2]] – [[1935 Labor Day hurricane]]: The strongest hurricane ever to strike the United States landfalls in the Upper [[Florida Keys]] as a Category 5 storm with 185&nbsp;mph winds, killing 423.
* [[September 3]] – English driver Sir [[Malcolm Campbell]] becomes the first person to drive an automobile at 300 miles per hour in ''[[Campbell-Railton Blue Bird|Blue Bird]]'', establishing a new [[Land speed record|absolute land speed record]] of {{Convert|301.337|mph|abbr=on}} on the [[Bonneville Salt Flats]] in [[Utah]].<ref name="chronicle of the 20th c.">{{cite book|last=Mercer|first=Derrik|date=1989|title=Chronicle of the 20th Century|location=London|publisher=Chronicle Communications Ltd|isbn=978-0-582-03919-3}}</ref>
* [[September 13]] – American aviator [[Howard Hughes]], flying the [[Hughes H-1 Racer]], sets an [[Flight airspeed record|airspeed record]] of 352&nbsp;mph (566&nbsp;km/h).
* [[September 15]] – The [[Nuremberg Laws]] go into effect in Germany, removing citizenship from Jews.
* [[September 17]] – [[Manuel L. Quezon]] is elected 2nd [[President of the Philippines]].<ref>{{cite book|title=The Statesman's Year-book|publisher=St. Martin's Press|year=1943|page=664}}</ref>
* [[September 24]] – [[Earl W. Bascom]] and his brother Weldon produce the first night [[rodeo]] held outdoors under electric lights, at [[Columbia, Mississippi]].
* [[September 29]] – The [[London and North Eastern Railway]]'s first [[LNER Class A4|A4 Class]] streamlined steam locomotive [[LNER Class A4 2509 Silver Link|A4 2509 ''Silver Link'']] makes her inaugural journey, from [[London King's Cross railway station|London King's Cross]].
* [[September 30]]
** U.S. President [[Franklin D. Roosevelt]] dedicates the [[Hoover Dam]].
** The [[London and North Eastern Railway]] commences the ''[[Silver Jubilee (train)|Silver Jubilee]]'', Britain's first [[Streamliner|streamline train]] service.

=== October ===
{{Main|October 1935}}
[[File:Sixday.jpg|thumb|October 22 page from a [[Soviet revolutionary calendar]] with six-day weeks.]]
* [[October 2]]–[[October 3|3]] – The [[Second Italo-Ethiopian War]] begins, as Italian General [[Emilio De Bono]] [[De Bono's invasion of Abyssinia|invades Ethiopia]].<ref>{{cite book|author1=John F. L. Ross|title=Neutrality and International Sanctions: Sweden, Switzerland, and Collective Security|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=DUhHcs24158C&pg=PA49|year=1989|isbn=978-0-275-93349-4|pages=49|publisher=Bloomsbury Academic }}</ref>
* [[October 6]] – The wreckage of the [[RMS Lusitania]] is discovered.
* [[October 10]] – A tornado destroys the 160 metre tall wooden [[Radio masts and towers|radio tower]] in [[Langenberg transmission tower|Langenberg]], Germany. As a result of this catastrophe, wooden radio towers are phased out.<ref>{{cite book|title=Bangkok Review|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=K_g7AAAAMAAJ|year=1935|publisher=Bangkok Review|page=6}}</ref>
* [[October 14]]
** [[1935 Canadian federal election]]: The [[Liberal Party of Canada|Liberal Party]] of [[William Lyon Mackenzie King]] wins a [[majority government]], defeating the [[Conservative Party of Canada (1867–1942)|Conservative Party]] of [[Prime Minister of Canada|Prime Minister]] [[R. B. Bennett]].
** The Turkish government had all [[Masonic lodge]]s in the country abolished on the ground that Masonic principles are incompatible with nationalistic policy and their property transferred to the state.<ref>"[https://eresources.nlb.gov.sg/newspapers/digitised/article/maltribune19351014-1.2.24 TURKISH BAN ON FREEMASONS. All Lodges To Be Abolished]". ''Malaya Tribune'', 14 October 1935, p. 5. ''The Government has decided to abolish all Masonic lodges in Turkey on the ground that Masonic principles are incompatible with nationalistic policy.''</ref>
* [[October 21]] – ''[[Grant v Australian Knitting Mills]]'', a landmark case in [[consumer law]], is decided on appeal in the [[Judicial Committee of the Privy Council]] in the U.K.<ref name=PC>{{Cite Bailii|litigants=Grant v Australian Knitting Mills |year=1935 |court=UKPC |num=62 |format=1 |parallelcite=[1936] [[Appeal Cases Law Reports|AC]] 85}}; {{cite AustLII|UKPCHCA|1|1935|parallelcite= (1935) 54 [[Commonwealth Law Reports|CLR]] 49 |date=21 October 1935 |courtname=auto}}.</ref>
* [[October 22]] – The [[Chinese Communist Party]] settles in [[Shaanxi]] after the [[Long March]].

=== November ===
{{Main|November 1935}}
* [[November 3]] – A [[1935 Greek monarchy referendum|Greek monarchy referendum]] is held by self-proclaimed Regent [[Georgios Kondylis]]. Almost 98% of the votes favor restoration of the monarchy, although the referendum's integrity is dubious.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.indiana.edu/~league/1935.htm|title=Chronology 1935|date=2002|work=League of Nations Photo Archive|access-date=2015-11-03}}</ref>
* [[November 14]] – [[1935 United Kingdom general election]]: [[Prime Minister of the United Kingdom|Prime Minister]] [[Stanley Baldwin]] returns to office at the head of a National Government led by the [[Conservative Party (UK)|Conservative Party]], with a large but reduced majority.
* [[November 22]] – The [[flying boat]] ''[[China Clipper]]'' takes off from [[Alameda, California]], United States, to deliver the first [[airmail]] cargo across the Pacific Ocean; on [[November 29]] the aircraft reaches its final destination, [[Manila]], and delivers over 110,000 pieces of [[mail]].
* [[November 23]] – Jacques and Thérèse Tréfouël, [[Daniel Bovet]] and Federico Nitti, in the laboratory of [[Ernest Fourneau]] at the [[Pasteur Institute]] in Paris, discover that [[sulfanilamide]] is the active component of [[Prontosil]].<ref>J. et T. Tréfouël, F. Nitti et D. Bovet, "Activité du ''p''-aminophénylsulfamide sur l'infection streptococcique expérimentale de la souris et du lapin", ''C. R. Soc. Biol.'', '''120''', November 23, 1935, p. 756.</ref>
* [[November 25]] – After 11 years in exile, [[George II of Greece|George II]] returns to Greek soil as [[King of Greece]] at Corfu, from London.

=== December ===
{{Main|December 1935}}
* [[December 10]] – [[Hanshin Tigers]], a well known professional baseball club of Japan, is founded in [[Osaka]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://hanshintigers.jp/data/history/1935_1939.html|title=Tigers History|website=Hanshin Tigers|access-date=December 5, 2019}}</ref>
* [[December 12]]
** The [[Lebensborn]] program in support of [[Nazi eugenics]] is founded by [[Heinrich Himmler]] in Germany.
** The [[De La Warr Pavilion]] at [[Bexhill-on-Sea]], designed by [[Erich Mendelsohn]] and [[Serge Chermayeff]], a pioneering example of [[International Style (architecture)|International Style architecture]], opens in England.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.buildingopinions.com/Archive/DE/delawarrpavilion.html|title=Modernist|work=Building Opinions|access-date=September 22, 2010|archive-date=July 13, 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130713015858/http://www.buildingopinions.com/Archive/DE/delawarrpavilion.html|url-status=dead}}</ref>
* [[December 17]] – The [[Douglas Aircraft Company|Douglas]] DST, prototype of the [[Douglas DC-3]] airliner, first flies in the United States. More than 16,000 of the model will eventually be produced.
* [[December 18]]
** [[Samuel Hoare, 1st Viscount Templewood|Samuel Hoare]] resigns as British [[Secretary of State for Foreign and Commonwealth Affairs|foreign secretary]], and is replaced by [[Anthony Eden]].
** The [[socialist]] party of [[Sri Lanka]], the [[Lanka Sama Samaja Party]], is founded.
* [[December 27]]
** In China, [[Mao Zedong]] issues the [[Wayaobu Manifesto]], ''On Tactics Against Japanese Imperialism'', calling for a National United Front against the [[Second Sino-Japanese War|Japanese invasion]].
** In Germany, [[Regina Jonas]] becomes the first woman ever to receive ''[[semikhah]]'' ([[ordination]]) as a [[rabbi]] within Judaism. She will be killed in [[Auschwitz concentration camp]] in [[1944]]<ref>{{cite encyclopedia|url=https://jwa.org/encyclopedia/article/jonas-regina|title=Regina Jonas 1902–1944|last=Klapheck|first=Elisa|encyclopedia=The Shalvi/Hyman Encyclopedia of Jewish Women|publisher=Jewish Women's Archive|year=1999|access-date=2022-12-14}}</ref> and the next such ordination will be in [[1972]].
* [[December 28]] – ''[[Pravda]]'' publishes a letter from [[Pavel Postyshev]], who revives the [[New Year tree]] tradition in the [[Soviet Union]].