Editing 1920 in literature (section)

==Events==
*[[February 2]] – ''[[Beyond the Horizon (play)|Beyond the Horizon]]'', [[Eugene O'Neill]]'s second full-length play, opens with a [[Morosco Theatre]] matinée in New York City, partly as a producer's experiment and partly to quiet the actor [[Richard Bennett (actor)|Richard Bennett]], who sought to play the lead. Reviewers hail the play and O'Neill gains fame.<ref>{{cite book|title=New York City, Proposed Times Square Hotel UDAG: Environmental Impact Statement|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=3KI4AQAAMAAJ&pg=SA4-PA33|year=1981|pages=4}}</ref>
*[[February 27]] – An inaugural meeting of the [[Bloomsbury Group]]'s Memoir Club is arranged by [[Mary MacCarthy]] in London.<ref>{{Cite book |title=The Bloomsbury Group Memoir Club |first=S. P. |last=Rosenbaum |location=London |publisher=Palgrave Macmillan |year=2014 |isbn=9781137360359}}</ref>
*Spring – The poet [[Anton Podbevšek]] and others organize the [[Novo Mesto]] Spring (''Novomeška pomlad'') event, the beginning of [[Slovenes|Slovenian]] [[Modernism]].
*[[March 15]] – ''[[The Blue Flame (play)|The Blue Flame]]'', a four-act play by [[George V. Hobart]] and [[John Willard]] after Leta Vance Nicholson, opens at the [[Shubert Theatre (New York City)]] on [[Broadway theatre|Broadway]] before a year's U.S. tour. Though described by a critic as "one of the worst plays ever written,"<ref>{{Cite book |last=Morehouse |first=Ward |author-link=Ward Morehouse |title=Matinee Tomorrow: Fifty Years of Our Theater |location=New York |publisher=Whittlesey House |year=1949 |page=175}}</ref> it is a commercial success, largely due to [[Theda Bara]] as the central character of a [[Vamp (woman)|vamp]].
*[[March 22]] – [[Federico García Lorca]]'s first play, ''[[The Butterfly's Evil Spell]] (El maleficio de la mariposa)'' is poorly received at its première in Madrid.
*[[March 26]] – ''[[This Side of Paradise]]'' by [[F. Scott Fitzgerald]] sets him up as a writer and celebrity. An initial 3,000 copies sell out in three days. The book's reputation dims in later years, but [[Dorothy Parker]] will recall that it was seen as innovative when it first appeared.
*April
**[[Hart Crane]] publishes his poem "My Grandmother's Love Letters" in ''[[The Dial]]'', his first major move toward recognition as a poet.
**The [[pulp magazine]] ''[[Black Mask (magazine)|Black Mask]]'' is launched in New York City as "An Illustrated Magazine of Detective Mystery, Adventure, Romance, and Spiritualism" by journalist [[H. L. Mencken]] and drama critic [[George Jean Nathan]].
[[Image:Fitzgerald, Saturday evening post.png|thumb|right|link=Bernice Bobs Her Hair|upright=0.8|[[F. Scott Fitzgerald]]'s story "[[Bernice Bobs Her Hair]]" was published in May 1920.]]
*[[April 3]] – [[F. Scott Fitzgerald]] marries [[Zelda Sayre]] in the rectory of [[St. Patrick's Cathedral (Manhattan)]].<ref>{{cite book | last = Bruccoli | first = Matthew J. | author-link = Matthew J. Bruccoli | title = Some Sort of Epic Grandeur: The Life of F. Scott Fitzgerald | edition = 2nd rev. | year = 2002 | orig-year = 1981 | publisher = [[University of South Carolina Press]] | location = Columbia, South Carolina | url = https://archive.org/details/somesortofepicgr0000bruc_p7y5 | via = Internet Archive | url-access = registration | isbn = 1-57003-455-9 | author-mask=11|page=128}}</ref> 
*[[May 1]] – F. Scott Fitzgerald's short story "[[Bernice Bobs Her Hair]]" appears in the [[Saturday Evening Post]] and on the magazine's cover, illustrated by artist [[Norman Rockwell]].
*July – [[Krishna Lal Adhikari]]'s ''[[Makaiko Kheti]]'' (The Cultivation of Maize) is published in [[Nepal]]; following claims that it contains "mischievous expressions to treason", the author is sentenced on August 2 to nine years in prison (where he will die in 1923) and all known copies of the book are destroyed.<ref>{{cite web|date=2015-07-02|title=The Book on Makai Parba|url=https://www.spotlightnepal.com/2015/07/02/the-book-on-makai-parba/|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201005165853/https://www.spotlightnepal.com/2015/07/02/the-book-on-makai-parba/|archive-date=2020-10-05|access-date=2020-10-06|website=SpotlightNepal|language=en}}</ref>
*[[August 22]] – The [[Salzburg Festival]] in Austria is inaugurated with a performance of [[Hugo von Hofmannsthal]]'s play ''[[Jedermann (play)|Jedermann]]'' (Everyman, 1911) in front of [[Salzburg Cathedral]], directed by [[Max Reinhardt]].<ref>{{cite book|author=Michael P. Steinberg|title=The Meaning of the Salzburg Festival: Austria as Theater and Ideology, 1890-1938|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=epOfAAAAMAAJ|year=1990|publisher=Cornell University Press|isbn=978-0-8014-2362-8|page=164}}</ref>
*October – [[Agatha Christie]]'s first novel, ''[[The Mysterious Affair at Styles]]'', appears in the U.S., introducing her long-running Belgian detective [[Hercule Poirot]] in the setting of an [[English country house]]. The book is published in the U.K. on January 21, [[1921 in literature|1921]].
*[[November 1]] – Eugene O'Neill's ''[[The Emperor Jones]]'' plays at the [[Provincetown Playhouse|Playwright's Theater]] in New York City with [[Charles Sidney Gilpin]] in the title role.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.eoneill.com/reviews/jones_frank.htm |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060620101207/http://eoneill.com/reviews/jones_frank.htm |url-status=dead |archive-date=June 20, 2006 |title=''The Emperor Jones'' by Eugene O'Neill |first=Glenda |last=Frank |work=eOneill.com |year=2006 |access-date=2017-09-21 }}</ref> 
*[[November 9]] – [[D. H. Lawrence]]'s novel ''[[Women in Love]]'' appears in a limited U.S. subscribers' edition.<ref>{{cite book|author=D.H. Lawrence|title=Studies in Classic American Literature|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=gysAEAAAQBAJ&pg=PT31|date=20 February 2019|publisher=RosettaBooks|isbn=978-0-7953-5159-4|pages=31}}</ref>
*December – The first edition of the ''[[Poems (Wilfred Owen)|Poems]]'' of the English [[war poet]] [[Wilfred Owen]], killed in action in [[1918 in literature|1918]], appears in London, introduced by his friend [[Siegfried Sassoon]] but with much of the editing carried out by [[Edith Sitwell]]. Only five of Owen's verses having been published in his lifetime, the collection introduces his work to many readers. It includes the [[1917 in poetry|1917]] poems "[[Anthem for Doomed Youth]]" and "[[Dulce et Decorum est]]", one of the best-known poetic condemnations of war.<ref>{{cite book|author=Ian Scott-Kilvert|title=British Writers|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=FNZN1_tGI4MC|year=1979|publisher=Scribner|isbn=978-0-684-16637-7|page=459}}</ref>
*[[December 23]] – [[Arthur Schnitzler]]'s play ''Reigen'' (''[[La Ronde (play)|La Ronde]]'', [[1900 in literature|1900]]) receives a first authorized performance, in [[Berlin]], where it is criticized on moral and [[anti-Semitic]] grounds.<ref>{{cite book|title=Letters to Siegfried Trebitsch|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=l095AAAAIAAJ|year=1986|page=221}}</ref>
*Christmas – [[Monteiro Lobato]]'s children's story "A Menina do Narizinho Arrebitado" (Girl with the Upturned Nose), the origin of the [[Sítio do Picapau Amarelo (novel series)|''Sítio do Picapau Amarelo'' novel series]], is published in Brazil.
*''unknown dates''
**[[Erwin von Busse]], using the pseudonym Granand, publishes ''Das erotische Komödiengärtlein'' (''Berlin Garden of Erotic Delights''), a collection of short stories about sexually charged encounters between men. It is promptly banned.<ref>{{cite book | author = Granand |contributor= [[:de:Manfred Herzer|Manfred Herzer]] | contribution = Afterword |date= 2022 |title= Berlin Garden of Erotic Delights |publisher= Warbler Press |pages= 79–84 }}</ref>
**[[Karel Čapek]]'s drama ''[[R.U.R.|R.U.R: Rossum's Universal Robots]]'', published in Prague, introduces the word ''[[robot]]'' into English.<ref>{{Cite magazine |author-link=Isaac Asimov |last=Asimov |first=Isaac |title=The Vocabulary of Science Fiction |magazine=[[Asimov's Science Fiction]] |date=September 1979}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=http://capek.misto.cz/english/robot.html |first=Dominik |last=Zunt |year=2004 |title=Who did actually invent the word "robot" and what does it mean? |work=Karel Čapek (1890-1938) |access-date=2011-12-06 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120204135259/http://capek.misto.cz/english/robot.html |archive-date=2012-02-04}}</ref>
**Publication in Paris of the first volume of the ''[[Collection Budé]]'' initiates editions of classical texts with parallel French translation: [[Plato]]'s ''[[Hippias Minor]] (Hippias Mineur)''.<ref>{{cite book|author1=Percy Gardner|author2=Ernest Arthur Gardner|author3=Max Cary|title=The Journal of Hellenic Studies|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Yx8_AQAAMAAJ|year=1922|publisher=Society for the Promotion of Hellenic Studies|page=283}}</ref>
**[[Van Wyck Brooks]]' ''The Ordeal of Mark Twain'' controversially argues that [[Mark Twain|Twain]] was "a victim of arrested development" with a dual personality.<ref>{{cite book|first1=J. R.|last1=LeMaster|first2=James D.|last2=Wilson|title=The Routledge Encyclopedia of Mark Twain|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=jFlQweCtoUUC&pg=PA99|year=2013|publisher=Routledge|isbn=978-1-135-88135-1|page=99}}</ref> It begins a reassessment of an author seen hitherto mainly as a humorous writer. The 1920s will bring similar reconsideration of many 19th-century American writers, notably [[Herman Melville]]<ref>{{cite book|first=Bradley A.|last=Johnson|title=The Characteristic Theology of Herman Melville: Aesthetics, Politics, Duplicity|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=I9KPBQAAQBAJ&pg=PA117|year=2011|publisher=Wipf and Stock Publishers|isbn=978-1-63087-620-3|pages=117}}</ref> and [[Emily Dickinson]].<ref>{{cite book|title=Academic American encyclopedia|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=dc5MAQAAIAAJ|date=1 February 1995|publisher=Grolier Incorporated|isbn=978-0-7172-2059-5|page=344}}</ref>