Editing 1915 in literature (section)

==Events==
*January – The [[Geração de Orpheu]] launch the short-lived magazine ''Orpheu'', introducing [[literary modernism]] to Portugal.<ref>{{citation|url=http://purl.pt/12089/2/|language=pt|title=Orpheu|editor-first=António|editor-last=Ferro|editor-link=António Ferro|place=Lisboa|date=January–March 1915|publisher=Orpheu, Lda.|issue=1–2}}</ref>
*[[January 13]] – "Reminiscences of Sergeant Michael Cassidy", the first known story by Captain [[H. C. McNeile]], [[Royal Engineers]], writing as "Sapper", begins in the ''[[Daily Mail]]'' (London).<ref>p. 4. {{Cite journal |last=Jaillant |first=Lise |title=Sapper, Hodder & Stoughton, and the Popular Literature of the Great War |journal=[[Book History (journal)|Book History]] |year=2011 |volume=14 |publisher=Johns Hopkins University Press |issn=1098-7371 |page=140}}</ref>
*March – [[Ford Madox Ford]]'s novel ''[[The Good Soldier|The Good Soldier: A tale of passion]]'' is published by [[John Lane (publisher)|John Lane]] – [[The Bodley Head]] in London under this title, and under the author's original name, Ford Madox Hueffer, although he had intended it to be called ''The Saddest Story''.
*[[March 26]] – [[Virginia Woolf]]'s first novel, ''[[The Voyage Out]]'', is published in London by the firm of her half-brother, [[Gerald Duckworth]].
*[[April 6]] – The American [[Ezra Pound]]'s poetry collection ''[[Cathay (poetry collection)|Cathay]]'', "translations... for the most part of the Chinese of [[Rihaku]], from the notes of the late [[Ernest Fenollosa]], and the decipherings of the Professors Mori and Ariga", is published in London by [[Elkin Mathews]].<ref>{{Cite book |last=Moody |first=David A. |year=2007 |title=Ezra Pound, Poet: A Portrait of the Man and His Work, Volume '''I''', The Young Genius 1885–1920 |publisher=Oxford University Press |isbn=978-0-19-957146-8 |page=266}}</ref>
*[[April 23]] – English poet and writer [[Rupert Brooke]], having sailed on February 28 with the British [[Mediterranean Expeditionary Force]] for the [[Gallipoli campaign]], dies age 27 on a hospital ship of streptococcal [[sepsis]] from an infected mosquito bite off the Greek island of [[Skyros]]<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/dol/popups/rndofficer1.htm|title=Royal Naval Division service record (extract)|publisher=[[The National Archives (United Kingdom)|The National Archives]]|accessdate=2007-11-11}}</ref> in the Aegean, where he is buried this evening with fellow poet [[Patrick Shaw-Stewart]] in charge of the firing party. Brooke came to public attention as a war poet on March 11 when ''[[The Times Literary Supplement]]'' published two sonnets ("IV: [[The Dead (poem)|The Dead]]" and "V: [[The Soldier (poem)|The Soldier]]"); the latter was then read from the pulpit of [[St Paul's Cathedral]] on Easter Sunday (April 4). His collection of poetry, containing all five sonnets, ''1914 & Other Poems'', is first published posthumously in May and runs to 11 further impressions this year alone.
*[[April 24]] – [[Deportation of Armenian notables on 24 April 1915|Deportation of Armenian notables]] from [[Constantinople]] begins. Among the writers, poets, teachers and literary critics killed are [[Dikran Chökürian]], [[Armen Dorian]], [[Melkon Giurdjian]], [[Ardashes Harutiunian]], [[Jacques Sayabalian]], [[Ruben Sevak]], [[Siamanto]], and [[Rupen Zartarian]]. (Survivors include [[Yervant Odian]] and Alexander Panossian.)
*[[May 3]] – The [[Rondeau (forme fixe)|rondeau]] "[[In Flanders Fields]]" by the Canadian poet [[John McCrae]] is written; it is first published on [[December 8]] in the London magazine ''[[Punch (magazine)|Punch]]''.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Gillmor |first=Don |year=2001 |title=Canada: A People's History |volume=2 |publisher=McClelland & Stewart |location=Toronto, Ontario |isbn=0-7710-3341-9 |page=[https://archive.org/details/canadapeopleshis0000gill/page/93 93] |url=https://archive.org/details/canadapeopleshis0000gill/page/93}}</ref>
*[[May 7]] – The [[Sinking of the RMS Lusitania|Sinking of the RMS ''Lusitania'']] claims 1,198 victims. The [[Americans]] among them in this torpedo attack on a civilian passenger liner include the writer and playwright [[Justus Miles Forman]] (born [[1875 in literature|1875]]), the theatrical producer [[Charles Frohman]] (born [[1856 in literature|1856]]), the writer and philosopher [[Elbert Hubbard]] (born 1856) and his second wife [[Alice Moore Hubbard]] (born [[1861 in literature|1861]]), and the playwright [[Charles Klein]] (born [[1867 in literature|1867]]). The survivors include the British-born writer and educator [[Ian Holbourn]] and the bookseller Charles E. Lauriat, Jr.
*[[May 13]] – As [[Julian Grenfell]] stands talking with other officers, a shell lands some yards away and a splinter hits him in the head. He is taken to a hospital in Boulogne, where he dies 13 days later. His poem "Into Battle" is published in ''[[The Times]]'' the following day.<ref>{{Cite book |authorlink=Nicholas Mosley |last=Mosley |first=Nicholas |year=1976 |title=Julian Grenfell: His Life and the Times of his Death 1888–1915 |location=London |publisher=Weidenfeld & Nicolson |isbn=0297770934}}</ref> His younger brother Gerald William (Billy) Grenfell is killed in action two months later.
*c. May – Publication of the first modern book illustrated with [[wood engraving]]s, [[Frances Cornford]]'s ''Spring Morning'', from the [[Poetry Bookshop]], London, has engravings by her cousin [[Gwen Raverat]].<ref>{{Cite book |last=Balston |first=Thomas |title=Wood-engraving in Modern English Books |location=London |publisher=National Book League |year=1949}}</ref>
*[[June 24]] – The [[Widener Library]] at [[Harvard University]] is dedicated.
*[[June 26]] – [[August 14]] – [[P. G. Wodehouse]]'s novel ''[[Something Fresh]]'' is serialized in ''[[The Saturday Evening Post]]'' (U.S.), introducing the character of [[Lord Emsworth]] of [[Blandings Castle]]. It first appears in book form on September 3 in New York, from [[D. Appleton & Company]], and on September 16 in London, from [[Methuen Publishing|Methuen]].<ref name=PGWCBC>{{Cite book |author1=McIlvaine, Eileen |author2=Sherby, Louise S. |author3=Heineman, James H. |year=1990 |title=P. G. Wodehouse: A comprehensive bibliography and checklist|location=New York |publisher=James H. Heineman |pages=27–28 |isbn=0-87008125-X}}</ref>
*August/September – [[John Buchan]]'s thriller ''[[The Thirty-Nine Steps]]'', set just before the outbreak of war and introducing as hero [[Richard Hannay]], is serialised in ''[[Blackwood's Magazine]]''. Book publication follows in October by [[William Blackwood and Sons]] in [[Edinburgh]].
*August–December – [[Ezra Pound]] completes the early sections of his poem ''[[The Cantos]]''.<ref>{{Cite web |title=BK. Ezra Pound and the Invention of Japan |url=http://themargins.net/bib/B/BK/00bkintro.html#firstcantorefs |work=Japonisme, Orientalism, Mysticism |accessdate=2015-01-13}}</ref>
*[[September 15]] 
**[[P. G. Wodehouse]]'s story "[[Extricating Young Gussie]]" is published in ''[[The Saturday Evening Post]]'' (U.S.). It introduces as characters [[Jeeves]] and [[Bertie Wooster|Bertie]].
**[[New Culture Movement]]: [[Chen Duxiu]] establishes the ''[[New Youth]]'' magazine in [[Shanghai]], China.<ref>{{Cite web|last=Ash|first=Alec|date=6 September 2009|title=China's New New Youth|url=https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/chinabeatarchive/626/|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200612103436/https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/chinabeatarchive/626/|archive-date=12 June 2020|access-date=17 July 2020|website=DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln}}</ref>
*[[September 30]] – Methuen, publishers of [[D. H. Lawrence]]'s new novel ''[[The Rainbow]]'', are prosecuted in London under the [[Obscene Publications Act 1857]] and its sale is banned. The U.S. edition appears in November without any legal challenge.<ref name="Library1985">{{cite book|author=Cambridge University Library|title=D.H. Lawrence 1885-1930: Catalogue of an Exhibition at Cambridge University Library, September-November 1985|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=l7kcAAAAMAAJ|year=1985|publisher=Cambridge University Library|isbn=978-0-902205-47-5|page=7}}</ref>
*October – [[Franz Kafka]]'s seminal [[novella]] ''[[The Metamorphosis]] (Die Verwandlung)'' is first published in ''[[Die Weißen Blätter]]'' ([[Leipzig]]).<ref>Jg. '''2''' pp. 1177–1230.</ref> Kafka finishes writing ''[[The Trial]]'' (''Der Process'') this year, but it will not be published until [[1925 in literature|1925]], the year after his death.
*[[October 15]] – ''[[Detective Story Magazine]]'' is first published by [[Street & Smith]] of [[New York City|New York]], a successor to ''Nick Carter Stories''.
*[[October 27]] – [[Leonid Andreyev]]'s play ''[[He Who Gets Slapped]]'' premieres at the [[Moscow Art Theatre]]<ref name="jester">{{cite book|url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/pdf/10.3366/j.ctt1bh2kpq.12.pdf|title=A Slap in the Face of American Taste: Transporting He Who Gets Slapped to American Audiences|work=Border Crossing: Russian Literature into Film|editor=Alexander Burry and Frederick H. White|author=Frederick H. White|chapter=A Slap in the Face of American Taste |publisher=Edinburgh University Press|year=2016|pages=140–164 |jstor=10.3366/j.ctt1bh2kpq.12 |isbn=9781474411424 }}</ref>
*November – The German author [[Heinrich Mann]]'s essay on [[Émile Zola]] in ''[[Die Weißen Blätter]]'' marks Zola's political commitment and attacks the economic causes of the war. This temporarily disrupts Mann's relations with his younger brother, the novelist [[Thomas Mann]].<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.kirjasto.sci.fi/hmann.htm |title=Heinrich Mann |website=Books and Writers |first=Petri |last=Liukkonen |publisher=Kuusankoski Public Library |location=Finland |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20130904060528/http://www.kirjasto.sci.fi/hmann.htm |archivedate=4 September 2013 |url-status=dead}}</ref>
*''unknown dates''
**[[James Joyce]], [[Tristan Tzara]] and [[Vladimir Lenin]] all take up residence in [[Zürich|Zurich]], in a coincidence to be exploited in [[Tom Stoppard]]'s [[1974 in literature|1974]] play ''[[Travesties]]''.
**[[Alfred A. Knopf, Sr.]] establishes the publishers [[Alfred A. Knopf]] in [[New York City]].<ref>{{cite book|author=Gale Group|title=Business Leader Profiles for Students|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=87CKHwNGj_4C|date=December 1998|publisher=Gale|isbn=978-0-7876-2935-9|page=81}}</ref>
**The [[Goudy Old Style]] [[serif]] [[typeface]] is created by [[Frederic Goudy]] for [[American Type Founders]].<ref>{{cite book|title=American Printer and Lithographer|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=gAAhAQAAMAAJ|year=1948|publisher=Moore Publishing Company|pages=19–20}}</ref>