Editing 1895 (section)

== Events ==
=== January&ndash;March ===
[[File:Degradation alfred dreyfus.jpg|thumb|150px|right| [[January 5]]: [[Dreyfus affair]]]]
* [[January 5]] &ndash; [[Dreyfus affair]]: French officer [[Alfred Dreyfus]] is stripped of his army rank and sentenced to life imprisonment on [[Devil's Island]] (off French Guiana) on what is much later admitted to be a false charge of treason.<ref>{{cite book|last=Derfler|first=Leslie|year=2002|title=The Dreyfus Affair|url=https://archive.org/details/dreyfusaffair0000derf|url-access=registration|page=[https://archive.org/details/dreyfusaffair0000derf/page/2 2]}}</ref>
* [[January 6]] &ndash; The [[1895 Wilcox rebellion|Wilcox rebellion]], an attempt led by [[Robert William Wilcox|Robert Wilcox]] to overthrow the [[Republic of Hawaii]] and restore the [[Kingdom of Hawaii]], begins with royalist troops landing at Waikiki Beach in Oahuand clashing with republican defenders. The rebellion ends after three days and the remaining 190 royalists are taken prisoners of war.<ref>{{cite book|author=Loomis, Albertine|title=For Whom Are the Stars?|publisher=The University Press of Hawaii|year=1976|isbn=978-0-8248-0416-9|url=https://archive.org/details/forwhomarestars0000loom}}</ref>
* [[January 12]] &ndash; Britain's [[National Trust for Places of Historic Interest or Natural Beauty]] is founded by [[Octavia Hill]], [[Robert Hunter (National Trust)|Robert Hunter]] and Canon [[Hardwicke Rawnsley]].<ref>{{cite book |first1=Jennifer | last1=Jenkins |first2=Patrick |last2=James |title=From acorn to oak tree: the growth of the National Trust 1895–1994 |date=1994 |publisher=Macmillan |location=London|pages=1–23}}</ref>
* [[January 13]] &ndash; [[First Italo-Ethiopian War]]: [[Battle of Coatit]] &ndash; Italian forces defeat the Ethiopians.<ref>{{cite book|author=John|title=The Italian Army and the First World War|publisher=Cambridge University Press|year=2014|isbn=9780521193078|page=23}}</ref>
* [[January 15]] &ndash; A warehouse fire and dynamite explosion kills 57 people, including 13 firefighters in [[Butte, Montana]] in the U.S.<ref>{{cite web|work=The Montana Standard|url=http://mtstandard.com/news/local/deadly-disaster-firefighters-onlookers-perish-in-explosion/article_1baf0ff6-e502-11e1-91c6-0019bb2963f4.html|title=Deadly disaster: Firefighters, onlookers perish in 1895 explosion|author=Emeigh, John Grant|date=August 13, 2012|access-date=November 2, 2017}}</ref>
* [[January 17]] &ndash; [[1895 Quchan earthquake|A 6.8 magnitude earthquake]] strikes northeastern [[Iran]] near the town of [[Quchan]] and causes at least 1,000 deaths.<ref>{{cite journal|last=Hollingsworth|first=J.|author2=Jackson J.|author3=Waler R.|author4=Gheitanchi M.R.|author5=Bolourchi M.J.|name-list-style=amp|year=2006|title=Strike-slip faulting, rotation, and along-strike elongation in the Kopeh Dagh mountains, NE Iran|journal=Geophysical Journal International|publisher=[[Royal Astronomical Society]]|volume=166|issue=3|pages=1161–1177|doi=10.1111/j.1365-246x.2006.02983.x|bibcode=2006GeoJI.166.1161H|doi-access=free}}</ref>
* [[January 21]] &ndash; 
**The U.S. Supreme Court rules in [[United States v. E. C. Knight Co.]] that Congress and the U.S. federal government cannot regulate manufacturing, and dismisses an [[antitrust]] lawsuit against [[American Sugar Refining Company]], which controls 98 percent of sugar refining in the United States.<ref name=":0">{{ussc |name=United States v. E. C. Knight Co. |link= |volume=156 |page=1 |pin= |year=1895}}.</ref> 
**The American steamer [[SS Chicora|S.S. ''Chicora'']] sinks in a storm on [[Lake Michigan]], along with all 21 of its crew and a lone passenger.<ref>{{cite news |url= http://chroniclingamerica.loc.gov/lccn/sn90059522/1895-01-25/ed-1/seq-8/#date1=1895&index=1&date2=1895&searchType=advanced&language=&sequence=0&lccn=&words=Chicora&proxdistance=5&state=Minnesota&rows=20&ortext=&proxtext=Chicora&phrasetext=&andtext=&dateFilterType=yearRange&page=1 |title= Not One Rescued: That the Steamer ''Chicora'' Was Wrecked Is Now a Curiosity |work= [[St. Paul Daily Globe]] |date= 25 January 1895 |page=8 |issn= 2151-5328 |oclc= 21579130 |lccn= sn90059523 |access-date= 16 January 2016 |via= [[Chronicling America]] }}</ref>
* [[January 24]] &ndash; An effort to restore the Hawaiian monarchy ends as the former Queen [[Liliʻuokalani]] abdicates and pledges allegiance to the [[Republic of Hawaii]].<ref>{{cite book|author=Liliuokalani|author-link=Liliuokalani|title=Hawaii's Story by Hawaii's Queen, Liliuokalani|url=https://archive.org/details/hawaiisstorybyh00goog|location=Boston|publisher=Lee and Shepard|year=1898|page=274|isbn=978-0-548-22265-2|oclc=2387226}}</ref>
* [[January 31]] &ndash; The sinking of the German ocean liner [[SS Elbe (1881)|SS ''Elbe'']] kills 334 people on board, 20 minutes after the ship had collided with the British steamer SS ''Crathie''. Only two lifeboats are able to evacuate before the ''Elbe'' goes down, and the first lifeboat capsizes when too many passengers attempt to get onboard. A second lifeboat, with 15 members of the crew, four men and a woman, carries the only survivors.<ref>"Elbe Disaster Investigation; Witnesses of the Steamer Crathie Testify at Lowestoft", ''The New York Times'', May 1, 1895</ref> 
* [[February 20]] 
** The gold reserve of the [[U.S. Treasury]] is saved when [[J. P. Morgan]] and the [[Rothschild & Co|Rothschilds]] loan $65&nbsp;million worth of gold to the United States government. The offering of syndicate bonds sells out only 22 minutes after the New York market opens, and just two hours after going on sale in London.<ref>{{cite book |last=Chernow |first=Ron |year=2010 |title=The House of Morgan: An American Banking Dynasty and the Rise of Modern Finance |publisher=[[Grove Atlantic|Grove/Atlantic, Inc.]] |isbn=978-0-87113-338-0 |author-link=Ron Chernow|title-link=The House of Morgan }}</ref> 
**[[Venezuelan crisis of 1895]]: U.S. President [[Grover Cleveland]] signs into law a bill resulting from the proposition of House Resolution 252, by [[William Lindsay Scruggs]] and Congressman Leonidas Livingston, to the third session of the 53rd Congress of the United States of America. The bill recommends that Venezuela and Great Britain settle their dispute by arbitration.
* [[February 25]] &ndash; The first rebellions of the [[Cuban War of Independence]] break out.
* [[March 3]] &ndash; In [[Munich]], [[Germany]], bicyclists have to pass a test and display [[license plate]]s.
* [[March 4]] &ndash; Japanese troops capture [[Liaoyang]] and land in [[Taiwan]]. 
* [[March 15]]
** [[Bridget Cleary]] is killed and her body burned in [[County Tipperary]], Ireland, by her husband, Michael; he is subsequently convicted and imprisoned for [[manslaughter]], his defence being a belief that he had killed a [[changeling]] left in his wife's place after she had been abducted by [[fairies]].<ref>{{cite news|url=https://query.nytimes.com/gst/fullpage.html?res=9D0CE4D91E3AF93BA35753C1A9669C8B63|first=David Willis|last=McCullough|title=The Fairy Defense|newspaper=[[The New York Times]]|date=2000-10-08|access-date=2007-03-23}}</ref>
** [[Heian Shrine]] is completed in [[Kyoto]], Japan.<ref>{{Cite web|last=Carey|first=Otis|date=2021-10-19|title=Kyoto|url=https://www.britannica.com/place/Kyoto-Japan|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150611214018/https://www.britannica.com:80/place/Kyoto-Japan |access-date=2021-10-19|website=britannica.com|archive-date=June 11, 2015 }}</ref>
* [[March 18]] &ndash; The world's first gasoline [[bus]] route is started in Germany, between [[Siegen]] and [[Netphen]].
* [[March 22]] &ndash; Brothers [[Auguste and Louis Lumière]] make what is probably the first presentation of a projected celluloid [[film]] moving picture, the 46-second ''[[Workers Leaving the Lumière Factory]]'', to members of the [[Société d'encouragement pour l'industrie nationale]] in Paris.<ref>{{cite book|last1=Chardère|first1=B.|last2=Borgé|first2=G.|last3=Borgé|first3=M.|title=Les Lumière|year=1985|publisher=Bibliothèque des Arts|location=Paris|isbn=2-85047-068-6|language=French|page=71}}</ref>
* [[March 30]] &ndash; [[Rudolf Diesel]] patents the [[Diesel engine]] in Germany.
[[File:Erste_Benzin-Omnibus_der_Welt.jpg|thumb|150px|[[March 18]]: The first internal combustion [[bus]], ([[Siegen]] to [[Netphen]] in Germany)]]
[[File:Shunpanrou interior.jpg|thumb|150px|right| [[April 17]]: [[Treaty of Shimonoseki|Shimonoseki treaty]]: [[Qing dynasty]] renounces claim on Korea]]

=== April&ndash;June ===
* [[April 6]] &ndash; [[Oscar Wilde]] is arrested in London for "gross indecency", after losing a [[criminal libel]] case against the [[John Douglas, 9th Marquess of Queensberry|Marquess of Queensberry]].
* [[April 7]] &ndash; [[Nansen's Fram expedition|Nansen's ''Fram'' expedition]] to the [[Arctic]] reaches 86°13.6'N, almost 3° beyond the previous [[Farthest North]] attained.
* [[April 14]] &ndash; [[1895 Ljubljana earthquake|A major earthquake]] severely damages [[Ljubljana]], the capital of [[Duchy of Carniola|Carniola]].
* [[April 17]] &ndash; The [[Treaty of Shimonoseki]] is signed between China and Japan. This marks the end of the [[First Sino-Japanese War]], and the defeated [[Qing Empire]] is forced to renounce its claims on Korea, and to concede the southern portion of [[Liaoning|Fengtian]] [[Administration of territory in dynastic China#Qing dynasty (1636–1912)|province]], [[Taiwan Prefecture|Taiwan]] and the [[Penghu]] to Japan.<ref name=shim>{{cite book|last=Weale|first=Bertram Lenox Putnam|author-link1= Bertram Lenox Simpson|year=1905|title=The Re-shaping of the Far East|url=https://archive.org/details/reshapingoffarea02weal|pages=[https://archive.org/details/reshapingoffarea02weal/page/431 431]–437}}</ref> The huge indemnity exacted from China is used to establish the [[Yawata Iron and Steel Works]] in Japan.
* [[April 22]] &ndash; [[Gongche Shangshu movement]]: 603 candidates sign a 10,000-word petition against the [[Treaty of Shimonoseki]].
* [[April 27]] &ndash; The unique, historic and picturesque Spiral Bridge is constructed to carry U.S. 61 over the Mississippi River at [[Hastings, Minnesota]]. It is demolished in [[1951]].
* [[May 2]] &ndash; [[Gongche Shangshu movement]]: Thousands of Beijing scholars and citizens protest against the [[Treaty of Shimonoseki]].
* [[May 9]] &ndash; Thirteen workers are killed by soldiers of the [[Russian Empire]] during the [[1895 Yaroslavl Great Manufacture strike|Yaroslavl Great Manufacture strike]].
* [[May 18]]  &ndash; The first motor race in Italy is held, on a course from [[Turin]] to [[Asti]] and back, a total of {{convert|93|km|mi|abbr=on}}. Five entrants start the event; only three complete it. It is won by Simone Federman in a four-seat [[Daimler Company|Daimler]] Omnibus, at an average speed of {{convert|15.5|km/h|mph|abbr=on}}.<ref name="auto">[http://www.grandprixhistory.org/story.htm The Story of the Grand Prix]. (retrieved 11 June 2017)</ref>
* [[May 24]] &ndash; Anti-Japanese officials, led by [[Tang Jingsong]] in [[Taiwan]], declare independence from the [[Qing dynasty]], forming the short-lived [[Republic of Formosa]].
* [[May 25]] &ndash; ''R. v. Wilde'': [[Oscar Wilde]] is convicted in London of "unlawfully committing acts of gross indecency with certain male persons" (under the [[Labouchere Amendment]]) and given a two years' sentence of [[hard labour]], during which he will write ''[[De Profundis (letter)|De Profundis]]''.
* [[May 27]] &ndash; ''[[In re Debs]]'': The [[Supreme Court of the United States]] decides that the federal government has the right to regulate interstate commerce, legalizing the military suppression of the [[Pullman Strike]].
* [[June 5]] &ndash; The Liberal Revolution begins in [[Ecuador]], making the civil war more intense in the country.
* [[June 11]]
** Britain annexes [[Maputaland|Tongaland]], between [[Zulu Kingdom|Zululand]] and [[Mozambique]].
** The [[Paris–Bordeaux–Paris]] automobile trial is held.
* [[June 20]] 
** The [[Kiel Canal]], connecting the [[North Sea]] to the [[Baltic Sea|Baltic]] across the base of the [[Jutland]] peninsula in Germany, is officially opened.
** The [[Greater Republic of Central America|Treaty of Amapala]] establishes the [[Greater Republic of Central America|union]] of [[Nicaragua]], [[Honduras]] and [[El Salvador]] (which ends in [[1898]]).
* [[June 28]] &ndash; The [[United States Court of Private Land Claims]] rules that [[James Reavis]]'s claim to the Barony of Arizona is "wholly fictitious and fraudulent".

=== July&ndash;September ===
[[File:SabinoAranaTxapeldun.jpg|thumb|150px|right|July 31: [[Sabino Arana]] founds the [[Basque Nationalist Party]]]]
* [[July 10]]&ndash;[[July 11|11]] &ndash; The [[Doukhobor]]s' pacifist protests culminate in the "burning of the arms" in the [[South Caucasus]].
* [[July 15]] &ndash; [[Archie MacLaren]] scores an English [[County Championship]] [[cricket]] record innings of 424 for [[Lancashire County Cricket Club|Lancashire]], against [[Somerset County Cricket Club|Somerset]], at [[County Ground, Taunton|Taunton]]. This record lasts until [[Brian Lara|1994]].
* [[July 31]] &ndash; The [[Basque Nationalist Party]] (Euzko Alderdi Jeltzalea-Partido Nacionalista Vasco) is founded by [[Sabino Arana]].
* July &ndash; [[Oldham Athletic A.F.C.]] is founded in England.
* [[August 7]] &ndash; The [[Aljaž Tower]], a symbol of the [[Slovenes]], is erected on Mount [[Triglav]].
* [[August 10]] &ndash; The first ever indoor [[promenade concert]], origin of [[The Proms]], is held at the [[Queen's Hall]] in London, opening a series conducted by [[Henry Wood]].<ref name="Pocket On This Day">{{cite book|title=Penguin Pocket On This Day|publisher=Penguin Reference Library|isbn=0-14-102715-0|year=2006}}</ref>
* [[August 19]] &ndash; [[American frontier]] murderer and outlaw [[John Wesley Hardin]] is killed by an off-duty policeman in a [[Bar (establishment)|saloon]] in [[El Paso, Texas]].
* [[August 29]]
** The Northern Rugby Football Union (the modern-day [[Rugby Football League]]) is formed at a meeting of 21 [[Rugby football|rugby]] clubs at the [[George Hotel, Huddersfield]], in the north of England,<ref>{{Cite web |title=Key Dates & Anniversaries |url=https://www.rugby-league.com/the_rfl/about_the_rfl/history__heritage/key_dates__anniversaries |website=Rugby Football League |access-date=28 August 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190828194417/http://www.rugby-league.com/the_rfl/about_the_rfl/history__heritage/key_dates__anniversaries |archive-date=28 August 2019 |url-status=live}}</ref> leading to the creation of the professional sport of [[rugby league]] football.
** The [[Mat Salleh Rebellion]] in [[North Borneo]] is incited.
* [[September]] &ndash; [[Shelbourne F.C.]] is founded in [[Dublin]], [[Ireland]].
* [[September 3]] &ndash; The first professional [[American football]] game is played, in [[Latrobe, Pennsylvania]], between the Latrobe [[YMCA]] and the Jeannette Athletic Club (Latrobe wins 12–0).
* [[September 7]] &ndash; The first game of what will become known as [[rugby league]] football is played in England, starting the [[1895–96 Northern Rugby Football Union season]].
* [[September 18]] &ndash; [[Daniel David Palmer]] performs the first chiropractic [[spinal adjustment]], on [[Harvey Lillard]], whose complaint was partial deafness after an injury.
* [[September 24]]–[[October 3]] &ndash; the ''[[Automobile Club de France]]'' sponsors the longest race to date, a {{convert|1710|km|mi|abbr=on}} event, from [[Bordeaux]] to [[Agen]] and back.<ref name="auto"/> Because it is held in ten stages, it can be considered the first [[Rallying|rally]]. The first three places are taken by two [[Panhard]]s and a three-wheeler [[De Dion-Bouton]].<ref name="auto"/>

=== October&ndash;December ===
[[File:CosmopolitanMagazineOctober1895.jpg|thumb|150px|right|October: ''[[Cosmopolitan (magazine)|The Cosmopolitan]]'']]
* [[October]]
** [[Rudyard Kipling]] publishes the story "[[Mowgli]] Leaves the Jungle Forever" in ''[[Cosmopolitan (magazine)|The Cosmopolitan]]'' illustrated magazine in the United States (price 10 cents), collected in ''[[The Second Jungle Book]]'', published in England in November.
** The [[London School of Economics]] holds its first classes in London, England.
* [[October 1]] &ndash; French troops capture [[Antananarivo]], [[Madagascar]].
* [[October 2]] &ndash; [[Peiyang University]], predecessor of [[Tianjin University]], is founded as an institution of higher education in [[Qing dynasty]] China.<ref>{{Cite web|title=History-Tianjin University|url=http://www.tju.edu.cn/english/About_TJU/History.htm|access-date=2022-02-02|website=www.tju.edu.cn}}</ref>
* [[October 8]] &ndash; [[Queen Min]], queen consort of [[Joseon]] (Korea), is [[Assassination of Empress Myeongseong|assassinated at her private residence]] within [[Gyeongbokgung]] Palace by Japanese agents. 
* [[October 23]] &ndash; The city of [[Tainan]], last stronghold of the [[Republic of Formosa]], capitulates to the forces of the [[Empire of Japan]], ending the short-lived republic, and beginning the era of [[Taiwan under Japanese rule]].
* [[October 31]] &ndash; [[1895 Charleston earthquake]]: A major earthquake occurs near [[Charleston, Missouri]], in the [[New Madrid Seismic Zone]] of the [[midwestern United States]]. As of 2014, the earthquake risk for the region will be closely monitored.
* [[November 1]] &ndash; [[Max Skladanowsky]] and his brother Emil present a short film at the [[Berlin Wintergarten theatre]] in Germany using the [[movie projector]] they have developed.
* [[November 5]] &ndash; [[George B. Selden]] is granted the first U.S. [[patent]] for an automobile.
* [[November 8]] &ndash; [[Wilhelm Röntgen]] discovers the type of [[electromagnetic radiation]] later known as [[X-ray]]s.
* [[November 17]] &ndash; [[Clube de Regatas do Flamengo|Flamengo]], a well known professional football club in [[Brazil]], is officially founded.<ref>{{cite web|title=A Fundação|url=http://www.flamengo.com.br/site/conteudo/detalhe/13/a-fundacao|website=Flamengo's official site|access-date=9 April 2017|language=pt|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170410051008/http://www.flamengo.com.br/site/conteudo/detalhe/13/a-fundacao|archive-date=April 10, 2017|url-status=dead|df=mdy-all}}</ref>
* [[November 25]] &ndash; [[Oscar Hammerstein I|Oscar Hammerstein]] opens the [[Olympia Theatre (New York City)|Olympia Theatre]], the first theatre to be built in New York City's [[Times Square]] district.
* [[November 27]] &ndash; At the Swedish-Norwegian Club in Paris, [[Alfred Nobel]] signs his [[last will and testament]], setting aside his estate to establish the [[Nobel Prize]] after his death.
* [[November 28]] &ndash; [[Chicago Times-Herald race|''Chicago Times-Herald'' race]]: The first American automobile race in history is sponsored by the ''[[Chicago Times-Herald]]''. Press coverage first arouses significant American interest in the automobile.<ref>{{cite book|first=Michael L.|last=Berger|title=The automobile in American history and culture: a reference guide|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=oRwMv8iNP-MC&pg=PA278|page=278|isbn=9780313245589|year=2001|publisher=Bloomsbury Academic }}</ref>
* [[December]]
** Ottoman troops burn 3,000 [[Armenians]] alive in [[Urfa]].<ref>{{Cite book|title=Armenian Tigranakert/Diarbekir and Edessa/Urfa|date=2006|publisher=Mazda Publishers|editor-last1=Hovannisian |editor-first1=Richard G.|isbn=1568591535|location=Costa Mesa, Calif.|oclc=67361643}}</ref>
** The [[Fourth Anglo-Ashanti War]] begins.
* [[December 7]] &ndash; A corps of 2,350 Italian troops, mostly [[Askari]], are crushed by 30,000 Abyssinian troops at [[Amba Alagi]].
* [[December 11]] &ndash; [[Svante Arrhenius]] becomes the first scientist to deliver quantified data about [[Svante Arrhenius#Greenhouse effect|the sensitivity of global climate to atmospheric carbon dioxide]] (the "[[Greenhouse effect]]"), as he presents his paper "On the Influence of Carbonic Acid in the Air Upon The Temperature of the Ground" to the [[Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences]].<ref>[https://books.google.com/books?id=k1YwAAAAIAAJ&pg=PA237 ''The London, Edinburgh and Dublin Philosophical Magazine and Journal of Science''] April 1896. p. 237.</ref>
* [[December 15]] &ndash; The railways of the [[Cape Colony|Cape of Good Hope]], [[Colony of Natal]], the [[Orange Free State]], the [[South African Republic]] and southern [[Mozambique]] are all linked at Union Junction near [[Alberton, Gauteng|Alberton]].<ref name="SAR Line Dates 183">''Statement Showing, in Chronological Order, the Date of Opening and the Mileage of Each Section of Railway'', Statement No. 19, p. 183, ref. no. 200954-13</ref>
* [[December 18]] &ndash; The [[Laurin & Klement]] [[automobile]] brand, predecessor of [[Škoda Auto]], is founded as a bicycle manufacturer in central [[Kingdom of Bohemia|Bohemia]] (modern-day [[Czech Republic]]).<ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=7bGuud7_uy0C|title=Mick Walker's European Racing Motorcycles|date=2000|publisher=Redline Books|isbn=978-0-9531311-3-6|pages=76–77}}</ref> 
* [[December 24]] 
** [[Kingstown lifeboat disaster]]: 15 crew are lost when their [[Lifeboat (rescue)|life-boat]] capsizes while trying to rescue the crew of the ''Palme'' off Kingstown (modern-day [[Dún Laoghaire]]), near [[Dublin]], Ireland.
** [[George Washington Vanderbilt II]] officially opens his [[Biltmore Estate]], inviting his family and guests to celebrate his new home in [[Asheville, North Carolina]].
* [[December 28]] &ndash; [[Auguste and Louis Lumière]] make what is probably the first commercial [[public screening]] of projected moving picture films to a paying audience, at the [[Salon Indien du Grand Café]] in Paris.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Présentation Du Cinématographe Lumière|url=https://www.universalis.fr/encyclopedie/presentation-du-cinematographe-lumiere/|access-date=2023-03-28|website=Encyclopædia Universalis|date=March 27, 2002 }}</ref>

=== Date unknown ===
[[File:Otto Lilienthal gliding experiment ppmsca.02546.jpg|thumb|
Otto Lilienthal gliding experiment]]
* The world's first portable handheld electric [[drill]] is developed, by brothers [[Wilhelm Emil Fein|Wilhelm]] and Carl Fein in Germany.
* [[Konstantin Tsiolkovsky]] proposes a [[space elevator]].
* The [[Swarovski]] Company is founded by Armand Kosman, Franz Weis and [[Daniel Swarovski]] in the [[Austria]]n [[Tirol, Austria|Tyrol]], for the production of [[crystal glass]].
* The name '[[HP Sauce]]' is first registered in the United Kingdom for a [[brown sauce]].
* The [[Duck Reach Power Station]] opens in [[Tasmania]] (the first publicly owned [[hydroelectric]] plant in the [[Southern Hemisphere]]).
* The first [[sample fair]] (''Mustermesse'') is held at [[Leipzig]], Germany.
* The first [[Boxer (dog breed)|Boxer dog]] club is established in Germany.
* The Raiffeisen model of Cooperative Credit and Saving Bank, predecessor of [[Rabo Bank]], a worldwide multiple [[financial service]] provider, is founded in the [[Netherlands]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=About our history |url=https://www.rabobank.com/en/about-rabobank/profile/history/about-our-history/index.html |access-date=2022-04-12 |website=Rabobank.com |language=en}}</ref>