Editing 1883 (section)

== Events ==
[[File:Ladies home journal 1906 12 a0.jpg|thumb|140px|right| [[February 16]]: ''[[Ladies Home Journal]]''  begins (photo 1906).]]

=== January&ndash;March ===
* [[January 4]] &ndash; ''[[Life (magazine)|Life]]'' magazine is founded in Los Angeles, California, United States. 
* [[January 10]] &ndash; A [[Newhall House Hotel Fire|fire at the Newhall Hotel]] in [[Milwaukee]], Wisconsin, United States, kills 73 people.
* [[January 16]] &ndash; The [[Pendleton Civil Service Reform Act]], establishing the [[United States civil service]], is passed.
* [[January 19]] &ndash;  The first electric lighting system employing overhead wires begins service in [[Roselle, New Jersey]], United States, installed by [[Thomas Edison]].
* [[February]] &ndash; ''[[The Adventures of Pinocchio]]'' by [[Carlo Collodi]] is first published complete in book form, in Italy.
* [[February 15]] &ndash; Tokyo Electrical Lightning Grid, predecessor of Tokyo Electrical Power ([[TEPCO]]), one of the largest [[electrical grid]]s in [[Asia]] and the world, is founded in Japan.<ref>[[:ja:東京配電#沿革]] '''(Japanese language edition)''' Retrieved on July 12, 2020.</ref> 
* [[February 16]] &ndash; The ''[[Ladies' Home Journal]]'' is published for the first time, in the United States.<ref>{{cite web|title=Top 100 U.S. Magazines by Circulation|url=http://www.psaresearch.com/images/TOPMAGAZINES.pdf|work=PSA Research Center|access-date=February 6, 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161115225953/http://www.psaresearch.com/images/TOPMAGAZINES.pdf|archive-date=November 15, 2016|url-status=dead}}</ref>
* [[February 23]] &ndash; [[Alabama]] becomes the first U.S. state to enact an [[Competition law|antitrust law]].
* [[February 28]] &ndash; The first [[vaudeville]] theater is opened, in [[Boston]], [[Massachusetts]].
* [[March 2]] &ndash; The [[Hong Kong Observatory]] is established.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.hko.gov.hk/abouthko/history_e.htm|title=History of the Hong Kong Observatory|date=20 May 2011|publisher=Hong Kong Observatory|access-date=7 August 2011|archive-date=January 11, 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190111223013/http://www.hko.gov.hk/abouthko/history_e.htm|url-status=dead}}</ref>
* [[March 20]] &ndash; The [[Paris Convention for the Protection of Industrial Property]] is held.<ref>{{cite book|author=World Intellectual Property Organization|title=The Paris Convention for the Protection of Industrial Property from 1883 to 1983|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=x8GjDwAAQBAJ|year=1983|publisher=WIPO|isbn=978-92-805-0099-8}}</ref>
* [[March 28]] &ndash; [[Battle of Gia Cuc]]: A French force defeats the Vietnamese in northern [[Vietnam]] in the run-up to the [[Sino-French War]].

=== April&ndash;June ===
[[File:Brooklyn Bridge Postdlf.jpg|thumb|165px|right| [[May 24]]: [[Brooklyn Bridge]] is opened.]]
* [[April 5]] &ndash; [[Liquid oxygen|Oxygen]] is liquefied for the first time.
* [[April 28]] &ndash; The first [[rugby sevens]] tournament is played at [[Melrose RFC]] in Scotland.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.melrose7s.com/index.php?page=history|title=History of melrose sevens|access-date=2014-03-02|archive-date=February 18, 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140218054032/http://www.melrose7s.com/index.php?page=history|url-status=usurped}}</ref>
* [[May 20]] &ndash; [[1883 eruption of Krakatoa]], [[Indonesia]]
* [[May 23]] &ndash; [[Robert Louis Stevenson]]'s children's pirate adventure novel ''[[Treasure Island]]'' is first published in book format, in London.
* [[May 24]] &ndash; [[Brooklyn Bridge]] is opened to traffic in New York City, after 13 years of construction.
* [[May 30]] &ndash; A rumor that the [[Brooklyn Bridge]] is going to collapse causes a stampede, which crushes 12 people.
* [[June 13]] &ndash; Count [[Arvid Posse]] leaves office as [[Prime Minister of Sweden]]. He is succeeded by [[Carl Johan Thyselius]], the first non-aristocrat (Swedish; "''ofrälse''") to serve as Swedish head of government, and Prime Minister.
* [[June 15]] &ndash; [[Otto von Bismarck]] pushes the first social security law through the [[Reichstag (German Empire)|Reichstag]]. It establishes a system of [[Publicly funded health care]], one of the first worldwide.
* [[June 16]] &ndash; [[Victoria Hall disaster]]: A rush for treats results in 183 children being [[asphyxiated]] in a concert hall in [[Sunderland, Tyne and Wear|Sunderland]], England.
* [[June 28]] &ndash; In [[Milan]], Italy, the first central European electricity [[power station]] is inaugurated.
* [[June 30]] &ndash; [[Robert Louis Stevenson]]'s novel ''[[The Black Arrow]]'' first appears as a serial in the British magazine ''[[Young Folks (magazine)|Young Folks; A Boys' and Girls' Paper of Instructive and Entertaining Literature]]'' as by 'Captain George North'. Stevenson completes writing it at the end of the [[summer]] in France.

=== July&ndash;September ===
* [[July 3]] &ndash; The [[SS Daphne (1883)|SS ''Daphne'']] sinks on launch in [[Glasgow]], Scotland, leaving 124 dead.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.clydesite.co.uk/clydebuilt/viewship.asp?id=3340|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060707071835/http://www.clydesite.co.uk/clydebuilt/viewship.asp?id=3340|url-status=dead|archive-date=2006-07-07|title=SS Daphne|work=Clydebuilt Database|access-date=2014-06-23}}</ref>
* [[July 4]] &ndash; The world's first [[rodeo]] is held in [[Pecos, Texas]].
* [[July 22]] &ndash; [[Zulu people|Zulu]] King [[Cetshwayo]] barely escapes a rebel attack with his life.
* [[August]] &ndash; [[King William's College]] is opened on the [[Isle of Man]].
* [[August 12]] &ndash; The last [[quagga]] dies at the [[Artis Magistra zoo]] in [[Amsterdam]].
* [[August 21]] &ndash; [[1883 Rochester tornado]]: An F5 tornado strikes [[Rochester, Minnesota]], leading to the creation of the [[Mayo Clinic]].
* [[August 26]]&ndash;[[August 27|27]] &ndash; [[1883 eruption of Krakatoa]]: The [[Volcano|volcanic]] [[island]] of [[Krakatoa]] erupts at 10:02 am (local time); 163 villages are destroyed, 36,417 killed by tsunami.
* [[August 29]] &ndash; [[Dunfermline Carnegie Library]], the first [[Carnegie library]], is opened in [[Andrew Carnegie]]'s hometown, [[Dunfermline]], Scotland.
* [[September 1]] &ndash; [[Pope Leo XIII]] publishes the encyclical ''[[Supremi apostolatus officio]]'' ("On Devotion of the Rosary").
* [[September 11]] &ndash; Major [[Evelyn Baring, 1st Earl of Cromer|Evelyn Baring]] becomes [[List of diplomats of the United Kingdom to Egypt|Consul-General]] of [[History of Egypt under the British|Egypt under British rule]].
* [[September 15]]
** The [[Bombay Natural History Society]] is founded in India.
** The [[University of Texas at Austin]] opens to students.
* [[September 29]] &ndash; A consortium of flour mill operators in [[Minneapolis]] forms the [[Minneapolis, Sault Ste. Marie and Atlantic Railway]], as a means to get their product to the [[Great Lakes]] ports, avoiding the high tariffs of Chicago.

=== October&ndash;December ===
* [[October 1]]
** [[Sydney Boys High School]] is founded in Sydney, Australia, the country's first state high school.
** In [[Amsterdam]], the first [[International Colonial and Export Exhibition]] closes, having had over 1&nbsp;million visitors.
* [[October 4]]
** The [[Boys' Brigade]] (the first uniformed youth organization in existence) is founded in [[Glasgow]], Scotland.
** The [[Orient Express]] train begins to run through from [[Gare de Paris-Est|Paris Gare de l'Est]] to [[Giurgiu]] in Romania, with onward ferry and train connections to [[Istanbul]] (the train has been running since [[June 5]] as far as Vienna).
* [[October 15]] &ndash; In five [[Civil Rights Cases]] the [[Supreme Court of the United States]] declares part of the [[Civil Rights Act of 1875]] to be unconstitutional, allowing individuals and corporations to discriminate based on [[Race (classification of human beings)|race]].
* [[October 20]] &ndash; [[Peru]] and [[Chile]] sign the [[Treaty of Ancón]], by which the [[Tarapacá Region|Tarapacá]] province is ceded to Chile, ending Peru's involvement in the [[War of the Pacific]].
* [[October 22]] &ndash; The [[Mödling and Hinterbrühl Tram]] in Vienna (Austria) is the first [[electric tram]] powered by [[overhead wire]].
* [[October 24]] &ndash; [[Cardiff University]], Wales, opens (under the name of University College of South Wales and Monmouthshire).
* [[October 30]] &ndash; Two [[Clan na Gael]] [[dynamite]] bombs explode in the [[London Underground]], injuring several people. The next day, British [[Home Secretary]] [[William Vernon Harcourt (politician)|Vernon Harcourt]] drafts 300 policemen to guard the underground, and introduces the Explosives Bill.
* [[November 3]]
** The 14th Century AH begins in the [[Islamic calendar]] on the 1st of Muharram, 1301 AH. 
** [[American Old West]]: Self-described ''[[Black Bart (outlaw)|Black Bart]] the Po-8'' makes his last [[stagecoach]] robbery, but leaves a handkerchief with a laundry mark that eventually leads to his capture.
* [[November 14]] &ndash; [[Library of Congress of Chile|Chile's National Library of Congress]] is founded.
* [[November 18]] &ndash; U.S. and Canadian railroads institute 5 standard continental [[time zone]]s, ending the confusion of thousands of [[Time_in_the_United_States#History|local times]].
* [[November 28]] &ndash; [[Whitman College]] is chartered as a 4-year college in [[Walla Walla, Washington]].
* [[December 1]] &ndash; [[Battleford Industrial School]], the first government-operated [[Canadian Indian residential school system|Indian residential school]] opens in Canada.
* [[December 5]] &ndash; [[Bisbee Massacre]]: Five people are killed in the robbery of a general store by bandits in [[Bisbee, Arizona]].<ref>"Bisbee Massacre", in ''The Encyclopedia of Lawmen, Outlaws, and Gunfighters'', Leon Claire Metz, ed. (Infobase Publishing, 2002) p25.</ref>
* [[December 16]] &ndash; [[Tonkin Campaign]]: French forces capture the [[Sơn Tây]] citadel.
* [[December 21]] &ndash;  The [[Royal Canadian Dragoons]] and The [[Royal Canadian Regiment]], the first Permanent Force cavalry and infantry regiments of the Canadian Army, are formed.
* [[December 26]] &ndash; [[The Harbour Grace Affray]] takes place in  [[Harbour Grace]], [[Colony of Newfoundland]].

=== Date unknown ===
* [[Antoni Gaudí]] begins to work on the [[Sagrada Família]] Cathedral in [[Barcelona]] (it will be [[consecrated]] in [[2010]]).
* Construction of [[Speicherstadt]] as a [[List of free ports|free zone]] in the [[Port of Hamburg]] begins.
* During construction of the [[Canadian Pacific Railway]] in 1883, blasting and excavation reveal high concentrations of [[nickel]]–[[copper]] [[ore]] at [[Murray Mine]], on the edge of the [[Sudbury Basin]], located near [[Sudbury, Ontario]], Canada.
* The [[British Parliament]] considers a major bill to allow Indian judges to try Europeans in India. The British community rises in protest, and defeats the measure.
* The Mexican government passes a law allowing real estate companies (controlled by General [[Porfirio Díaz]]'s political associates) to survey public and "vacant" lands, and to retain one third of the land they survey.
* [[Bernard Kroger]] establishes the first [[Kroger]] [[grocery store]], in [[Cincinnati]], [[Ohio]].
* The first [[purebred]] [[Percheron]] (horse) [[stud book]] is created in France.
* [[ASEA]] is founded by Ludvig Fredholm in [[Sweden]], predecessor of the global electronic equipment and engineering business [[ABB]].<ref>{{cite book|first=Jan|last=Glete|authorlink=Jan Glete|title=Asea under hundra år: 1883-1983|location=Västerås|year=1987}}</ref>
* Founding of:
** [[Houghton College]] in New York State
** [[Wagner College]] in New York City
** [[Baltimore Polytechnic Institute]] in Maryland
** [[Raith Rovers F.C.]] in Scotland
** The Black Arabs F.C (later [[Bristol Rovers]]) in England
** [[Dunstable Town F.C.]] in England