Editing 1880s (section)

==Politics and wars==
{{See also|List of sovereign states in the 1880s}}

===Wars===
{{main list|List of wars: 1880–1889}}
* [[Aceh War]] (1873–1904)
* [[War of the Pacific]] (1879–1884)
* [[First Boer War]] (1880–1881)
* [[Mahdist War]] (1881–1899)
* [[1882 Anglo-Egyptian War]] (1882)
** 13 September 1882 — British troops occupy [[Cairo]], and [[Egypt]] becomes a British [[protectorate]].
* [[Sino-French War]] (1884–1885)
* [[Serbo-Bulgarian War]] (1885)

===Internal conflicts===
* [[American Indian Wars]] (Intermittently from 1622 to 1918)
** 20 July 1881 — [[Sioux]] chief [[Sitting Bull]] leads the last of his fugitive people in surrender to United States troops at [[Fort Buford]] in [[Montana]].
* Frequent [[lynchings]] of African Americans in [[Southern United States]] during the years [[1880]]–[[1890]]
* [[Urabi revolt|Urabi Revolt]] (1879-1882)

===Colonization===
* [[France]] colonizes [[Indochina]] (1883)
* [[German Colonial Empire|German colonization]] (1887)
* Increasing colonial interest and conquest in Africa leads representatives from Britain, France, Portugal, Germany, Belgium, Italy and Spain to divide Africa into regions of colonial influence at the [[Berlin Conference]]. This would be followed over the next few decades by conquest of almost the entirety of the remaining uncolonised parts of the continent, broadly along the lines determined. (1889)

===Prominent political events===
* 3 August 1881: The [[Pretoria Convention]] peace treaty is signed, officially ending the war between the [[Boers]] and [[United Kingdom|Britain]].
* 3 May 1882: The [[Chinese Exclusion Act]] was signed into law by President [[Chester A. Arthur]].
*20 May 1882: [[Germany]], [[Austria-Hungary]], and [[Italy]] form The Triple Alliance as a defensive military alliance<ref>Grenville, John; Wasserstein, Bernard, eds. (2013). The Major International Treaties of the Twentieth Century: A History and Guide with Texts. Routledge. p. 38. ISBN 9780415141253. Retrieved 2 March 2014.</ref>
* 1884: [[International Meridian Conference]] in Washington D.C., held to determine the Prime Meridian of the world.
* 1884–1885: [[Berlin Conference]], when the western powers divided Africa.
* The United States had five Presidents during the decade, the most since the 1840s. They were [[Rutherford B. Hayes]], [[James A. Garfield]], [[Chester A. Arthur]], [[Grover Cleveland]] and [[Benjamin Harrison]].
* 20-22 June 1887: The [[Golden Jubilee of Queen Victoria]] was celebrated marking [[Queen Victoria]]'s 50 year reign.
* 13 May 1888: [[Lei Áurea|Brazil abolishes slavery]], the last country in the [[Western Hemisphere|western hemisphere]] to do so.<ref>{{Cite web |title=abolition |url=https://faculty.chass.ncsu.edu/slatta/hi216/documents/slavery/abolition.htm |access-date=2025-05-11 |website=faculty.chass.ncsu.edu}}</ref>