Editing 1835 (section)

== Events ==

=== January–March ===
* [[January 7]] – {{HMS|Beagle}} anchors off the [[Chonos Archipelago]] on her [[Second voyage of HMS Beagle|second voyage]], with [[Charles Darwin]] on board as naturalist.
* [[January 8]] – The [[United States public debt]] contracts to zero, for the only time in history.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.publicdebt.treas.gov/history/history.htm|title=Public debt history|publisher=www.publicdebt.treas.gov|access-date=January 8, 2010|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160306012419/http://www.publicdebt.treas.gov/history/history.htm|archive-date=March 6, 2016|url-status=dead|df=mdy-all}}</ref>
* [[January 24]] – [[Malê Revolt]]: African slaves of [[Yoruba people|Yoruba]] Muslim origin revolt against Brazilian owners at [[Salvador, Bahia]].
* [[January 26]]
** Queen [[Maria II of Portugal]] marries [[Auguste de Beauharnais, 2nd Duke of Leuchtenberg]], in Lisbon; he dies only two months later.
** [[Ruins of Saint Paul's|Saint Paul's]] in [[Macau]] is largely destroyed by fire after a [[typhoon]] hits.
* [[January 30]] – The first assassination attempt against a President of the United States is carried out against U.S. President [[Andrew Jackson]] at the [[United States Capitol]] 
* [[February 1]] – [[Slavery]] is [[Abolitionism in the United Kingdom|abolished]] in [[Mauritius]].
* [[February 20]] – [[1835 Concepción earthquake]]: [[Concepción, Chile]], is destroyed by an earthquake. The resulting tsunami destroys the neighboring city of [[Talcahuano]].
* [[March 2]] – [[Ferdinand I of Austria|Ferdinand]] becomes Emperor of [[Austrian Empire|Austria]].
* [[March 23]] – The [[Academia Mexicana de la Lengua]] (Mexican Academy of Language) is established.

=== April–June ===
* [[April 18]] – [[William Lamb, 2nd Viscount Melbourne|Lord Melbourne]] succeeds Sir [[Robert Peel]] as [[Prime Minister of the United Kingdom]].
* [[May 5]]
** [[Rail transport in Belgium|The first railway in continental Europe]] is opened between [[Brussels]] and [[Mechelen]] in [[Belgium]].
** [[Braulio Carrillo Colina|Braulio Carrillo]] is sworn in as [[Head of State of Costa Rica]].
* [[May 8]] – [[Hans Christian Andersen]]'s ''[[Fairy Tales Told for Children. First Collection.]]'' is first published..
* [[May 11]] – [[Matua (priest)|Matua]], High Priest (''taura tupua'') of the [[Polynesia]]n island of [[Mangareva]], is [[baptized]] into the [[Roman Catholic Church]].
* [[May 13]] – At least 224 people, most of them female convicts being transported from [[Cork (city)|Cork, Ireland]], to Australia, are drowned when the British [[barque]] ''[[Neva (1813 ship)|Neva]]'' is wrecked in the [[Bass Strait]]. Only 15 people survive.<ref>{{cite book|title=The Convict Ships, 1787–1868|first=Charles|last=Bateson|year=1959|publisher=Brown, Son & Ferguson|location=Glasgow|oclc =3778075}}</ref>
* [[May 23]] – The Mexican State of [[Aguascalientes]] is formed, by decree of [[President of Mexico|President]] [[Antonio López de Santa Anna]].
* [[June 1]] – [[Kingston Penitentiary]] opens in [[Kingston, Ontario]].

=== July–September ===
* [[July 14]] – The universal [[Catholic Apostolic Church]] is organized, initially in the U.K.
* [[July 25]] – [[James Bowman Lindsay]] demonstrates a constant [[Incandescent light bulb|electric light]] at a public meeting in [[Dundee|Dundee, Scotland]].<ref name="Challoner">{{cite book |last=Challoner |first=Jack |title=1001 Inventions That Changed The World |publisher=Barrons Educational Series |year=2009 |isbn=978-1844036110 |location=Hauppauge NY |page=305 |display-authors=etal}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=James Bowman Lindsay - Local History Centre, Leisure and Culture Dundee |url=https://www.leisureandculturedundee.com/localhistory/jbl |access-date=2 September 2024 |website=Leisure and Culture Dundee}}</ref>
* [[July 28]] – An assassination attempt against King [[Louis Philippe I]] of France is attempted by [[Giuseppe Marco Fieschi]], who uses a home-made [[volley gun]] and kills 10 people. The King escapes with a minor wound.
* [[July]] – The [[Bertelsmann]] company is founded by [[Carl Bertelsmann]] as a religious printer and publisher in Prussia.
* [[August 25]] – In the U.S., ''[[The Sun (New York)|The New York Sun]]'' prints the first of six installments of the ''[[Great Moon Hoax]]''.
* [[August 28]] – St. Vincent's Ecclesiastical Seminary, a predecessor of [[Castleknock College]], is founded by the [[Vincentian Family|Vincentian community]] in [[Dublin]], Ireland.
* [[August 30]] – European settlers, landing on the north banks of the [[Yarra River]] in Victoria, Australia, found the settlement of [[Melbourne]].
* [[August]] – [[Henry Fox Talbot|H. Fox Talbot]] exposes the world's first known [[Negative (photography)|photographic negatives]], at [[Lacock Abbey]] in England.<ref>{{cite book|first=Patrick|last=Robertson|title=The Shell Book of Firsts|location=London|publisher=Ebury Press|year=1974|isbn=0-7181-1279-2|pages=127–8}}</ref>
* [[September 7]] – [[Charles Darwin]] arrives at the [[Galápagos Islands]], aboard {{HMS|Beagle}}.
* [[September 19]] – [[William Lloyd Garrison]] publishes [[Angelina Grimké]]'s anti-slavery letter in ''[[The Liberator (anti-slavery newspaper)|The Liberator]]''.
* [[September 20]] – The [[Ragamuffin War]] begins in [[Rio Grande do Sul]], [[Empire of Brazil|Brazil]].

=== October–December ===
* [[October 2]] – The [[Texas Revolution]] – [[Battle of Gonzales]]: Mexican soldiers attempt to disarm the people of [[Gonzales, Texas]], but encounter stiff resistance from a hastily assembled militia.
* [[October 3]] – The [[Staedtler]] Company (pencil manufacturers) is founded by J. S. Staedtler in [[Nuremberg]], Germany.
* [[October 28]]
** The [[United Tribes of New Zealand]] is founded at [[Waitangi, Northland|Waitangi]], with the [[Declaration of the Independence of New Zealand]].
** [[Texas Revolution]] – [[Battle of Concepción]]: The [[Texian Army]] defeats the Mexicans.
* [[November 12]] – Construction is completed on the [[Wilberforce Monument]] in [[Kingston Upon Hull]].<ref name=Wilberforce>{{Cite web|title=Wilberforce Monument, Non Civil Parish - 1283041|url=https://historicengland.org.uk/listing/the-list/list-entry/1283041|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170629090123/https://www.historicengland.org.uk/listing/the-list/list-entry/1283041|archive-date=29 June 2017|access-date=1 October 2021|website=[[Historic England]]|language=en}}</ref>
* [[November 16]] – [[Halley's Comet]] reaches [[perihelion]], its closest approach to the Sun.
* [[November 27]] – Two London men, [[James Pratt and John Smith]], are [[hanging|hanged]] in front of [[Newgate Prison]] in London, after a conviction of [[buggery]]. They are the last to suffer capital punishment for [[homosexual acts]] in England.<ref>{{cite book|title=A Gay History of Britain: Love and Sex Between Men Since the Middle Ages|publisher=[[Greenwood World Publishing]]|last1=Cook|first1=Matt|last2=Mills|page=109|first2=Robert|last3=Trumback|first3=Randolph|last4=Cocks|first4=Harry|year=2007|isbn=978-1846450020}}</ref>
* [[December 5]] – Start of [[Moriori genocide]], the killing and enslavement of the indigenous people of the [[Chatham Islands]] by 500 [[Māori people]] from New Zealand.<ref>{{cite web|last=Solomon|first=Maui|date=2019-12-15|title=Moriori: Still setting the record straight|url=https://e-tangata.co.nz/reflections/moriori-still-setting-the-record-straight/|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210217175542/https://e-tangata.co.nz/reflections/moriori-still-setting-the-record-straight/|archive-date=2021-02-17|access-date=2021-02-28|work=E-Tangata}}</ref>
* [[December 7]]
** The [[Bavarian Ludwig Railway]] opens between [[Nuremberg]] and [[Fürth]], with a train hauled by the English-built ''[[Adler (locomotive)|Der Adler]]'' ("''The Eagle''"), the [[History of rail transport in Germany|first railway in Germany]].
** Future U.S. President [[James K. Polk]] becomes [[Speaker of the United States House of Representatives]].
* [[December 9]] – The [[Army of the Republic of Texas]] captures [[San Antonio]].
* [[December 16]]– The [[Great Fire of New York]] begins and lasts until the next day, destroying 530 buildings, including the [[New York Stock Exchange]].<ref name=Fires>"Fires, Great", in ''The Insurance Cyclopeadia: Being an Historical Treasury of Events and Circumstances Connected with the Origin and Progress of Insurance'', Cornelius Walford, ed. (C. and E. Layton, 1876) p76</ref>
* [[December 20]] – The [[Texas Declaration of Independence]] is signed by American residents rebelling against [[Mexico]] at [[Goliad, Texas]].
* [[December 21]] – The [[Raleigh and Gaston Railroad]] is chartered in [[Raleigh, North Carolina]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.historync.org/railroads.htm|title=Railroads – prior to the Civil War|work=North Carolina Business History|year=2006|access-date=2011-12-02|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110726152211/http://historync.org/railroads.htm|archive-date=July 26, 2011|url-status=dead}}</ref>
* [[December 28]] — The [[Second Seminole War]], led by Seminole Chief [[Osceola]] breaks out in the U.S. state of Florida.
* [[December 29]] – The [[Treaty of New Echota]] is signed between the United States Government and representatives of the [[Cherokee Nation (19th century)|Cherokee Nation]].

=== Date unknown ===
* The British [[East India Company]] negotiates a lease of the [[Darjeeling]] area west of the [[Mahananda River]], from the [[Kingdom of Sikkim]].<ref>{{cite journal|last=Dasgupta|first=Atis|year=1999|title=Ethnic Problems and Movements for Autonomy in Darjeeling|periodical=Social Scientist|volume=27|issue=11–12|pages=47–68|doi=10.2307/3518047|jstor=3518047}}</ref>
* The [[British Geological Survey]] is founded, as the world's first national [[geological survey]].
* Civil war erupts in [[Uruguay]], between supporters of the [[National Party (Uruguay)|Blanco]] and [[Colorado Party (Uruguay)|Colorado]] parties.
* The ''Cachar Levy'', forerunner of the ''[[Assam Rifles]]'', is founded in India.
* The first [[Bulgaria]]n-language school opens in the [[Ottoman Empire]].
* The French word for their language changes to ''français'', from ''françois''.
* [[Fort Cass]] is established, the military headquarters and site of the largest internment camps during the [[1838]] [[Trail of Tears]].
* [[Charles-Louis Havas]] creates ''[[Havas]]'', the first news agency in the world (which later spawns ''[[Agence France-Presse]]'').
* English becomes the [[official language]] of India.
* [[Juan Manuel de Rosas]] becomes [[Caudillo]] of [[Argentina]].
* [[Edward Strutt Abdy]] publishes his ''Journal of a Residence and Tour in the United States of North America: From April, 1833, to October 1834''.
* [[David Strauss]] begins publication of ''Das Leben Jessu, kritisch bearbeitet'' ("The life of Jesus, critically examined") in [[Tübingen]].
* The first [[Egyptian Museum]] in Cairo opened.