Editing 1793 (section)

== Events ==
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=== January&ndash;June ===
* [[January 7]] &ndash; The [[Ebel riot]] occurs in Sweden. 
* [[January 9]] &ndash; [[Jean-Pierre Blanchard]] becomes the first to fly in a [[gas balloon]] in the [[United States]].
* [[January 13]] &ndash; [[Nicolas Jean Hugon de Bassville]], a representative of [[Revolutionary France]], is lynched by a mob in Rome.
* [[January 21]] &ndash; [[French Revolution]]: After being found guilty of treason by the French [[National Convention]], ''Citizen Capet'', [[Louis XVI of France]], is [[guillotine]]d in Paris.<ref>{{cite encyclopedia|title=Louis XVI|url=http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/349122/Louis-XVI|encyclopedia=[[Encyclopædia Britannica]]|date=August 8, 2023 }}</ref>
* [[January 23]] &ndash; [[Second Partition of Poland]]: The [[Russian Empire]] and the [[Kingdom of Prussia]] [[Partition (politics)|partition]] the [[Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth]].
* [[February]] &ndash; In [[Manchester, Vermont]], the wife of a captain falls ill, probably with tuberculosis. Some locals believe that the cause of her illness is that a demon vampire is sucking her blood. As a cure, Timothy Mead burns the heart of a deceased person in front of a crowd of a few hundred people.<ref>{{cite journal|url=https://www.smithsonianmag.com/history/the-great-new-england-vampire-panic-36482878/|title=The Great New England Vampire Panic|journal=[[Smithsonian (magazine)|Smithsonian]]|first=Abigail|last=Tucker|date=October 2012|access-date=2020-09-01}}</ref>
* [[February 1]] &ndash; [[French Revolutionary Wars]]: The [[French First Republic]] declares war on [[Kingdom of Great Britain|Great Britain]], the [[Dutch Republic]] and (on March 7) [[Spain]].<ref name="TPC1793">{{cite book|chapter=1793|title=The People's Chronology|editor=Everett, Jason M.|publisher=Thomson Gale|year=2006}}</ref> During the year, the [[War of the First Coalition]] is joined by [[Kingdom of Portugal|Portugal]], the [[Holy Roman Empire]], [[Kingdom of Naples|Naples]] and [[Grand Duchy of Tuscany|Tuscany]] in opposition to France.
* [[February 11]] &ndash; [[French expedition to Sardinia]] ''(Expédition de Sardaigne)'': A French fleet under [[Laurent Jean François Truguet|admiral Laurent Truguet]] debarks troops near [[Cagliari]] in [[Sardinia]].
* [[February 22]] &ndash; French expedition to Sardinia: A small French and Corsican force briefly occupies the small Sardinian island of [[La Maddalena]], then withdraws to Corsica. 23-year-old lieutenant [[Napoleon Buonaparte]] is second-in-command.
* [[February 25]] &ndash; [[George Washington]] holds the first [[Cabinet (government)|Cabinet]] meeting as President of the United States.
* [[February 27]] &ndash; The Giles Resolutions are introduced to the [[United States House of Representatives]], asking the House to condemn [[Alexander Hamilton]]'s handling of loans.
* [[March 1]]&ndash;[[March 3|3]] &ndash; [[John Langdon (politician)|John Langdon]] serves as [[President pro tempore of the United States Senate]].
* [[March 4]] &ndash; [[George Washington]] is [[Second inauguration of George Washington|sworn in]] as the president of the United States in [[Philadelphia]], for his second term.<ref name="Harper1793">''Harper's Encyclopaedia of United States History from 458 A. D. to 1909'', ed. by Benson John Lossing and, Woodrow Wilson (Harper & Brothers, 1910) p170 </ref>
* [[March 5]] &ndash; French troops are defeated by Austrian forces, and [[Liège]] is recaptured.
* [[March 18]]
** [[Battle of Neerwinden (1793)|Second Battle of Neerwinden]]: A coalition army of [[Habsburg monarchy]] and [[Dutch Republic]] troops repulses attacks from French Republican forces, near [[Neerwinden]], Flemish Brabant.
** The first [[republic]]an state in Germany, the [[Republic of Mainz]], is declared by [[Andreas Joseph Hofmann]].
* [[April 6]] &ndash; [[French Revolutionary Wars]]: The [[Committee of Public Safety]] is established in France, with [[Georges Danton]] as its head.
* [[April 9]] &ndash; [[Edmond-Charles Genêt]], France's new Minister to the United States, arrives at [[Charleston, South Carolina]].<ref name="Harper1793"/>  
* [[April 22]] &ndash; [[George Washington]] signs the [[Neutrality Proclamation]].<ref name="Harper1793"/> 
* [[April 25]] &ndash; The pioneer parishes of [[New Orleans]] and [[Louisiana (New Spain)|Louisiana]] are erected, as well as incorporated into the Roman Catholic [[Diocese of Louisiana and the Two Floridas]].
* [[May 25]] &ndash; [[Expédition de Sardaigne|French expedition to Sardinia]]: The last French troops occupying the small Sardinian island of [[San Pietro Island|San Pietro]] surrender to a Spanish fleet.
* [[May 31]] &ndash; [[French Revolution]]: Regular troops under [[François Hanriot]] demand that the [[Girondins]] be expelled from the National Convention.
* [[June]] &ndash; The [[Macartney Embassy]], a British diplomatic mission to China led by [[George Macartney, 1st Earl Macartney]], reaches [[Guangzhou|Canton]], but will be rebuffed by the [[Qianlong Emperor]].<ref name="TPC1793"/>
* [[June 2]] &ndash; [[French Revolution]]: The [[Girondins]] are overthrown in France.
* [[June 10]] &ndash; [[French Revolution]]: The [[Jardin des Plantes]] and the [[Muséum national d'histoire naturelle]] are created by the National Convention. The museum opens in Paris the following year, and the garden houses one of the first public [[zoo]]s.
* [[June 20]]&ndash;[[June 22|22]] &ndash; [[Haitian Revolution]]: [[Battle of Cap-Français (1793)|Battle of Cap-Français]] – French Republican troops and black slave insurgents defeat Royalist and slave owner settlers.<ref>{{Cite book|last=Bell|first=Madison Smartt|author-link=Madison Smartt Bell|title=Toussaint Louverture|publisher=[[Actes Sud]]|year=2007|page=77}}</ref>
* [[June 21]] &ndash; The town of [[Hamilton, Massachusetts]], is incorporated.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.hamiltonma.gov/|title=Town of Hamilton|website=Town of Hamilton, MA}}</ref>

=== July&ndash;December ===
* [[July 9]] &ndash; The [[Act Against Slavery]] is passed in [[Upper Canada]].
* [[July 13]] &ndash; [[French Revolution]]: [[Charlotte Corday]] kills [[Jean-Paul Marat]] in his bath.
* [[July 17]] &ndash; [[French Revolution]]: [[Charlotte Corday]] is executed.
* [[July 20]] &ndash; Scottish explorer [[Alexander Mackenzie (explorer)|Alexander Mackenzie]]'s 1792&ndash;1793 Peace River expedition to the Pacific Ocean reaches its goal at [[Bella Coola, British Columbia]], making him the first known person to complete a transcontinental crossing of northern North America.
* [[July 29]] &ndash; [[John Graves Simcoe]] decides to build a fort and settlement at Toronto, having sailed into the bay there.
* [[July 31]] &ndash; [[Oulu Castle]] in Finland is destroyed in an explosion following the burning of a [[Powder|powder cellar]].<ref>{{cite book| title=Oulun kaupungin historia II| author=Aimo Halila| publisher=Kirjola Oy |year= 1953|language= fi| page=717}}</ref>
*August &ndash; France decrees all the slaves on [[Saint-Domingue]] to be free.
* [[August 1]]&ndash;November 9 &ndash; The [[yellow fever epidemic of 1793]] hits [[Philadelphia]], Pennsylvania; 5,000 die.
* [[August 10]] &ndash; [[French Revolution]] &ndash; Feast of Unity
** Crowds in Paris burn [[monarchist]] emblems.
** The [[Louvre]] in Paris opens to the public as an art museum.
* [[August 23]] &ndash; [[French Revolution]]: The following universal [[conscription]] decree is enacted in France: "The young men shall go to battle and the married men shall forge arms. The women shall make tents and clothes and shall serve in the hospitals; children shall tear rags into lint. The old men will be guided to the public places of the cities to kindle the courage of the young warriors and to preach the unity of the Republic and the hatred of kings."
* [[September 5]] &ndash; [[French Revolution]]: The [[National Convention]] begins the 10-month [[Reign of Terror]].
* [[September 8]] &ndash; The first [[Belém#Círio de Nazaré|Círio de Nazaré]] is celebrated in [[Belém]].
*[[September 17]] &ndash; The [[Army of the Eastern Pyrenees]], one of the French Revolutionary armies, defeats a Spanish force at the [[Battle of Peyrestortes]].
* [[September 18]] &ndash; The cornerstone to the future [[United States Capitol]] is dedicated by U.S. President Washington at the site of the new Federal City on the Potomac River.<ref name="Harper1793"/>
* [[September 20]] &ndash; British troops from Jamaica land on the island of [[Saint-Domingue]] to join the [[Haitian Revolution]] in opposition to the French Republic and its newly-freed slaves; on 22 September the main French naval base on the island surrenders peacefully to the Royal Navy.<ref>{{cite book|last=Perry|first=James|title=Arrogant Armies: Great Military Disasters and the Generals Behind Them|location=Edison|publisher=Castle Books|year=2005|pages=64–65}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/history/british/launch_tl_british.shtml|publisher=[[BBC]] History|title=British History Timeline|access-date=2007-09-04|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070909012414/http://www.bbc.co.uk/history/british/launch_tl_british.shtml|archive-date=2007-09-09}}</ref>
* [[October 5]] &ndash; [[War of the First Coalition]]: [[Raid on Genoa]] &ndash; The British [[Royal Navy]] [[Naval boarding|boards]] and captures French warships, sheltering in the neutral port of [[Genoa]].
* [[October 15]]&ndash;[[October 16|16]] &ndash; War of the First Coalition: [[Battle of Wattignies]] &ndash; A French Republican force commanded by [[Jean-Baptiste Jourdan]] compels a [[Habsburg monarchy|Habsburg]] Austrian Coalition army to retire.
* [[October 16]] &ndash; [[French Revolution]]: [[Marie Antoinette]], the widowed [[queen consort]] of [[Louis XVI of France]], is [[guillotine]]d in the [[Place de la Révolution]] in Paris at the conclusion of a 2-day trial before the [[Revolutionary Tribunal]].
* [[October 24]] &ndash; [[French Revolution]]:The [[French Republican Calendar]] is adopted by the [[National Convention]].
* [[November 10]] &ndash; The [[dechristianization of France during the French Revolution]] reaches a climax with the celebration of the ''Goddess of Reason'' in the cathedral of [[Notre Dame de Paris]].
*[[November 12]] &ndash; [[French Revolution]]: [[Jean Sylvain Bailly]], the first Mayor of Paris, is guillotined.
* [[December 8]] &ndash; [[French Revolution]]: [[Madame du Barry]] is guillotined.
* [[December 9]] &ndash; New York City's first daily newspaper, the ''American Minerva'', is established by [[Noah Webster]].
* [[December 18]] &ndash; French forces under [[Jacques François Dugommier|Dugommier]] [[Siege of Toulon|capture Toulon]] from royalists and British forces under [[Vice Admiral]] [[Samuel Hood, 1st Viscount Hood|Lord Hood]]. The British fire the dockyards and take 16 ships, one of which, the ''[[HMS Lutine (1779)|Lutine]]'', becomes a famous treasure ship.
* [[December 23]] &ndash; [[French Revolution]]: [[War in the Vendée]]: [[Battle of Savenay]] &ndash; A Republican force decisively defeats the counterrevolutionary [[Catholic and Royal Army]], ending the [[Virée de Galerne]].

=== Undated ===
* [[Eli Whitney]] invents a cotton gin. This causes a resurgence of slavery in the South.
* [[Lawrence Academy (Groton, Massachusetts)]] is chartered.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.lacademy.edu/page.cfm?p=1221|title=Welcome to Our Boarding & Day High School|website=Lawrence Academy}}</ref>
* [[Dominique Jean Larrey]], chief surgeon of the [[French Revolutionary Army]], creates the first battlefield "flying [[ambulance]]" service.
* The [[Bani Yas|Al Bu Falah]] move to [[Abu Dhabi]].
* The first year of regular production begins for the [[United States Mint]], and the [[Half cent (United States coin)|half cent]] is minted for the first time.
* [[Niccolò Paganini]] debuts as a violin virtuoso at age 11 in his birthplace of [[Genoa]].</onlyinclude>